CRITICAL VOCABULARY FOR
PROFICIENT PERFORMANCE On The
Kentucky Core Content TestBased on State and National Standards
Compiled by –Harrison County Teachers
Georgetown College PreService TeachersGeorgetown College Professors
Participating in the Goals 2000 Grant Project
Project:
BEST(BUILDING EDUCATION SUPPORT TEAMS)
William Edwards - Curriculum SupervisiorRuth Hatterick- Coordinator
Facilitators:Chrissy JonesSteve Moats
(Formerly Assigned Distinguished Educators)Sylvia Kuster - Highly Skilled Educator (Coordinator-Consultant)
Reading Vocabulary (Primary-Grade 4): Explain: (Complete)-meaning-sequence-character actionsDescribe: -character-plot-setting-solution-problem-passageDemonstrate:-characteristics of …..-literature (articles / manuals / reference materials)
-information (letters / speeches/ advertisements)-practical / workplace (memos / directions / schedules)-cultural perspectives-journals-whole text-antonyms-homonyms-compound words-text features-content clues-main ideas-details-sequence-cause / effect
-fact / opinion
Interpret: (Use)-directions-specialized vocabulary-illustrations-literature
Reading Vocabulary (Middle School):synonymsantonymshomonymsshort storiesnovels essayspoetryplaysscriptscharacterizationsettingplotthemepoint of viewcause and effectcompare / contrastsequencesupporting details
informativepersuasivefact / opinioncomparisonprefixessuffixesscan / skimpredictionsconclusionsgeneralizationsreflectevaluatereal world issuesanalyzeexplainforeshadowingimageryfigurative language
similesmetaphorspersonificationhyperbolesummarizeargument / supportingdetailsexpert opiniontestimonialstatisticsband wagonbiasmisinformation
Reading Vocabulary (High School):
Organizational Aids bullets
bold face type italics
indentationSpecialized Vocabulary
33
confirm/revisepredictionsparaphraseformulate opinionconflictresolutionword choicestylecontentliterary elementaryexcerptlocateevaluateapplyrealistic purposeinterpretliteral meaningnon-literal meaningjargondialect
analyzeliterary genrescharacterizationsettingpoint-of-viewplot whole textstructure whole textthemeconflictresolutionsymbolismironyanalogiesfigurative languageillustrationchartlisttable
graphtable of contentsindexglossaryheadingcaptioncause and effectcomparison and contrastsequencegeneralizationpersuasionevidenceauthor’s positionargumentessential informationpractical / work placematerialsliterary elementpropaganda
Writing - P-4:General Writing:
purposeaudiencetopicfocusexplanationsensory detailsspellingpunctuation
tonevoiceanalyzingmain ideaselaborationreflectionnounverb
capitalizationdocumentationideastransitionsclosuresentencesvariedword choice
Reflective Writingletter to reviewerreflectionselectiongoalgrowth
writing process (prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, publishing)
influencesstrategies
Personal Writing:life experiencespersonal narrative (personal writingmemoirsensory details
first person point-of-viewthoughtsfeelingsdialogue
Literary Writingpoems short storyscriptscharacter and rhymeevents
comedyrhythmstage directionsdescriptive languagepersonificationsimiles
metaphorsdescriptionssuspensehorror
Transactive WritingVariety of formstransactiveinformationengageclarifyjustify purposes
explanationauthor’s purposeeffective conclusionwell organizedfacts, examples, reasonscomparisons
anecdotesdescriptive detailchartsdiagrams
Writing (Middle / High School):
purposeaudiencesuitable tonevoicerelevant elaborationunitycoherencecontexttransitioneffective closureconcrete / sensorydetailsdocumentation citing
Reflective Writing
Letter to Reviewer
Writing Process➲prewriting➲drafting➲revising➲editing➲publishing
Personal writingmemoirpersonal essaynarrativefirst person point ofviewdialogueironyanecdote
diagrams
Literary Writingunderstatementasidemetaphorcomedysuspendhorrorparody
Transactive Writinglettersspeecheseditorialsarticlesproposal
brochures
Math Vocabulary for CATSMath (Elementary P- 5):
whole numbersfractionsmixed numbersdecimals
operationsadditionsubtractionmultiplication
divisionoddevencomposite
multiplesfactorsplace valueexpanded formmagnitudeordercomparesymbolsdenominators /numeratorsestimatequantities
LCM>, <, =equivalentcommutativeassociativeidentity / zeropropertygeometricpointraylinesegment
sideedgefaceverticesradius diameterangleacuterightobtuse
Math (Middle School):integersfractionsdecimalspercentsproportionsequivalenttwo-dimensionalthree-dimensionaldataorganizemeanmedianoutlinerclusterstem / leafbox / whiskersvariableequationestimatepositive
negativeper unitrate of changesquare rootssquaringcustomary unit ofmeasuremetric unitinverserate, time, and distancescale drawinggraph barline plotpredictmodelmultiplesprime numberscomposite numbersfactors – GCFLCD
convert order ofoperationscommutativeassociativedistributiverays, points, linesangles, segments, planecongruence symmetrysimilarsidefacevertexregularirregularperimeterareacircumferencesquare
Math ( High School):irrational numbersarithmetic & geometricsequences & seriesmatricesreciprocalsabsolute valueexponentsrootsfactorialsscalar multiplicationexplicit formulacombinationspermutations
identityinversecommutativeassociativedistributeclosurereflexivesymmetrictransitiveratioproportiontransformationstranslations
rotationsreflectionsdilationsbetweennessparallelismperpendicularlylinear pairsvertical anglessupplementary anglescomplimentary anglescorresponding anglesalternative int. anglesslope
trigonometry ratios2-D
3-DPythagorean
relationshipscongruence
Science (Elementary P-4)Life Science:living, non-living &once living
characteristicsBasic Needs:Animals:air, water, food, spacePlants:
air, water, nutrients,lightStructures [(functions(distinct) in growth,survival, reproduction)]Life Cycle: life, growth,development,reproduction, death
resemble / offspringappendagesinteractionsabilitygenerationsdependsurvivedadaptationsdetrimental
beneficialaquaticfossilsorganismsevidencesustainmovementEarth surface (erosion,weathering, landslide,volcanic eruptions,earthquakes)Weather / Seasons ( wind direction &speed)precipitationapparent pathcycle light (reflect, refract,
absorb)conductionelectricity ( circuit, conducing path, electrical current)circuit (light, heat, sound, magnetic effects)magnets ( attract / repel)Earth materials (rocks, soils, water, gases of the atmosphere)minerals (color, texture, hardness)capacityresourcesnonrenewable /renewable/ recycledresources
observeproperties (size, mass, shape, color,temperature, magnetism, reactions)substancesmeasure (metric rulers, balances, thermometers)materialsclassifyStates of matter (solid, liquid, gas)heating / coolingposition (relative location)motionforce ( push / pull)vibration ( sound / pitch)
Physical Science: Grades 5 through 7 (assessment at grade 7):
Properties and Changes of Mattersolid, liquid, gas (states of matter)freezing pointmelting pointsublimation evaporationcondensationphysical properties (density, boiling point, solubility)flammability
Chemical Properties compoundschemical reactionsreactionselementselectronsprotonsneutronssubatomic particlessynthesisdecomposition
Motions and ForcesNewton’s Laws ofMotionrelative positionmotionspeedgraphinertiaForce = Mass x AccelerationAction Reaction forcesimple machinesgravity frictionmomentumpressureaccelerationTransfer of Energyenergyheatlightelectricity
soundtransmissionrefractionabsorptionscatteringreflectionelectrical circuitsEarth and SpaceSciencelithosphere crustmantledense coreplate tectonicslandformsconstructive forcesdestructive forcescrustal deformationvolcanic eruptiondeposition of sedimentweathering erosionlavamagna
rock cycle metamorphic sedimentary igneoussoil weathered rocksdecomposed organic materialchemical compositiontexturewater cycleevaporation condensation precipitationrun-offtranspirationuniversal solventatmospherewater vaporatmospheremegaspheretropospherestratosphereionosphereweatherclimateEl ‘NinoLa’ Ninobarometric pressurefront (cold & warm)high pressurelow pressurewind speedtemperaturehurricanecyclonetsunamitornadolightningthunderEarth’s Historycatastrophesasteroid cometsfossilsordivicianJurassic
mold casttracepetrifactionEarth in the SolarSystemasteroidscometsstarsolar systemday rotationyearphases of the moonLunaeclipsesrevolutionwaxingwaningcresantgibbousfullnewsolar eclipselunar eclipsepenumbraumbragravitytides water cycleswindsocean currentsseasonStructure andFunctions in LivingSystemstiltlevels of organizationcells tissueorgans systemsorganisms (bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, animals)ecosystemsmonerans
nucleus nucleolusmitochondrialysosomescentriolesribosomesendoplasmic reticulumcytoplasmchlorophyllcell wallcellnuclear membranecellssingle cellsmulti-cellularreproduction (mitosis,meiosis)specialized cellsRegulation andBehavioradaptationsurvival of the fittestinternal stimulusenvironmental stimulusbehavioral responseReproduction andHeredityreproductionasexuallysexuallysex cellseggspermgeneschromosomeshereditypunic squareprobabilitydominantrecessiveallelehomogeneousheterogeneousphenotypegenotypeDiversity andAdaptations of
Organismsbiological evolutionadaptationsurvivalextinctionPopulations andEcosystemspopulationbiotic factorsecosystemplantsmicroorganismsproducers
consumersdecomposersfood webstransfer of energysunlightchemical energyphotosynthesiscarrying capacitylimiting factorsabiotic factorsbioticprey predators
populationsnichessymbiotic factorscomensalismmutualismparasitismparasitic hostcompetitionscientific methodpurposeresearch
Science-Process (High School):hypothesistestabletheorytechniquelogic
evidenceinvestigationempiricalconceptualskepticism
subject to change (adj.)natural hazardlocal issuenational issueglobal issue
Physical Science (High School):matteratomspropertiesmasselectrical chargenucleuselectronselectric forceprotonsneutronsisotopeselementnuclear distancesnuclear forcesparticlesenergyatomic interactionsfissionfusionnucleitemperaturepressurestarchemical propertyphysical propertyperiodic table
bondtransferred electronshared electroncompoundconstituentsolidliquidgasrigidconductinginsulatingsemi-conductingsuperconductorsresistanceflow of electronscellchemical reactionreleased energyconsume energyconcentrationtemperaturecatalystsnet forcemotionLaws of Motiongravity
universal forceexertselectrical forcechargesrepelmagnetismelectromagneticelectrical motorsgeneratorskinetic energyfieldheatmanifestationrandomvibrationsionsmoleculeatomic motionuniversewavessoundseismicfrequencyrelative motionradio wavesmicrowaves
infrared radiationvisible lightultraviolet radiationX-raysgamma raysacceleratedcharged objectEarth internal energyexternal energySunprimary
decayradioactive isotopesgravitational energyconvectioncirculationmantlecrustal platesatmosphereocean currentsglobal climatedynamic processrotation
static conditionsmountain rangesgeo chemical essentiallyreservoirsorganismslimestonecarboncarbonatecarbon dioxide
Earth Science (High School):techniquesestimatenebulardusteruptionstime scaleevidencebacteriaevolutioncompositionoxygennitrogen“Big Bang”dense
densityanalogousgeneration (1)generation (2)Life Sciencemembraneconcentratedmixtureconstituentssynthesizeproteincatalystsenzymesfunctions (n)
regulation expressions of genescoordinateplantchloroplastsphotosynthesismicroorganismssolarenvironmentmulti-cellularspecializedtissuesorgans
nervous system,digestive systemsecreteanimalmonitorbehaviorbehavioralinnatelearnedstimulusspeciesgenusfamily, order, phylumevolve, evolutionnatural selectionreproductive successadaptive logic
germvirusnucleic acidheredityencodedreplicatetransmission (genetic)traitchromosomesexual, asexualoffspringfemalemalegametechromosome pairDNAmutationsspontaneous
germ cellpotentialvariationfinitenicheancestorsdescendantsbiological classificationshierarchysubgroupsfundamentalanalysischemical processcycle ( water, nitrogen)ecosystemsherbivorescarnivoresdecomposers
cooperate (ecological)compete (ecological)interrelationshipinterdependencypopulationspredictionhuman beingdeliberateinadvertent
dynamic, dynamicsglobal stabilityirreversibleliving systemsderivetendencydisorganized statecovalentabsorb
sugar, fat, etc. phosphate, carbonate, etc.ATP, ADPcellular respirationcommunitiesdissipationconservation
conservation
History (P-5 th Grade): -Primary & Secondary Sources-Native American cultures in Kentucky *shelter*food*family organization
-State / National Flags,monuments / buildings,Patriotic songs, poems, Gettysburg Address
-Communication,innovations / inventionstransportation,recreation, traditions
Education for Kentucky & Americans*clothing*gender roles*religion values*language*tools Geography (P-5 th Grade): What is geography?What does it mean to adapt?types of maps & how to use themregions- land & water
spatial factor decisionspopulations (gathering)
latitude / longitudepopulations (gathering)resources humans needs - food, clothing,
etc.perspectives on use of land
Government & Civics (P-5 th Grade): -government*national*state*local-Democracy-Importance ofConstitution & Bill Rights
-branches*legislature*judicial*executive-Roles of government &citizens-Offices*governor
*mayor*president-Purpose of roles & lawslocal
Economics (P-5 th Grade): goods and serviceswants and needssupply and demandopportunity costsavailability of goods
definition of consumerlarge and small systemsfinancial institutionsfree enterpriseprofit
scarcitybarterproductiondistributionconsumption
Culture & Society:languagemusicartdress
foodstoriesholidayscustoms
beliefs
historyreligionSociety:human needs familyschoolclubsteams
conflict / competitionarguments / disagreestereotypes / prejudicetools of compromise/
cooperationSocial Studies (Middle & High School):*Denotes the content which is to be covered at both levels. High School content wouldbe more challenging.
democratic principlesjusticeequalityresponsibilityfreedom
totalitariancitizensHistorical documents*economic systems --*compare revenues (HS)
economic institutions-*-- stock (HS) supply and demand mandates (HS)laws and government
citizen responsibilities*markets &mandates (HS) financialcooperativesmonarchies (HS)
incentives(HS)dictatorship (HS)production, distribution,& consumption (MS)constituents (HS)checks and balances (HS)
economic principles*individual rights (HS)productive resources*opportunity cost*
scarcity of resources*Social Studies (Middle and High School):entrepreneur *physical features(MS)resources(MS)migrate(MS)gender (MS)race(MS)secondary sources(MS)artifacts(MS)time lines(MS)Reconstruction(MS)natural resources(MS)“great convergence”agrarianism
civilizations and empiresFeudalismnation statesinvestmentsinterdependenceeconomic sanctionsenvironmental & humanitarian issuescentralization vs. dispersionurban areasmarkets & industryhuman migration
primary resourcescause and effectmultiple causationglobal effectsProgressive Movementimperialismisolationismcapitalismurbanizationpolitical corruptionalliancesglobalization of theeconomy
Arts & Humanities (Elementary):Dance Vocabulary : Two types of movement: 1) locomotor (run, walk. etc.)2) non-locomotor (bend, twist, etc.)Three elements of dance: 1.) space (shape, level, direction, pathways,2.) time (beat, tempo)3.) force (energy)Three purposes of dance: 1.)ceremonial2.) recreational1.) artisticDrama Vocabulary:Four elements of drama: 1.) plot 2.)character 3.)theme 4.)spectacleFour elements of production: 1) costume 2.)scenery 3.) props 4.)sound
Miscellaneous Termsdialogue monologueconflictimprovisationmimicry
pantomimerole playingstorytellingscriptscenario
mythslegendsfolktales
Six elements of performance: 1)character 2.)movement
3.)vocal expressions 4.)speaking style5.)listening6.) acting and storytelling
Music Vocabulary(Elementary):
Rhythm: meter (up 6,trip 6) signature (2/4, ¾, 4/4)
time (meter) bar lines
rhythmic durations tempo: slow, fastmelody: shape direction (up, down, same,
stop, skip)
treble clef pitch notation (middle C to F) high / low notes (pitches)
three-part (ABA) round, verse / chorus, repeat signs
Timbre: instrument families(brass,woodwind,string,percussion,folk)voice parts sounds of voices / instrumentsDynamics: soft (piano) medium soft (messo piano)
Harmony: unison, parts, intervals, tonality (major, resting, tone)
Forms: call / response; two part (AB); medium loud (messo forte)loud (forte)
Baroque Period: marchesPatriotic: blues & spirituals
Elements of Artline, form, shape, texture( primary & secondary) color groups(warm, cool, neutral)
Principals of Design:emphasis (focal point)patternbalance (symmetry)contrast ( light, dark)
Media:papier-mâchétwo-dimensional : collagethree-dimensional : pottery, sculpture, weaving
Arts &Humanities
( Middle School):Art Elements:
line
shapecolorspace
value form texture
Design Elements:repetitionpattern
balancesymmetryasymmetryemphasis
contrastrhythmproportionmovement
Media Elements:two-dimensionalthree-dimensional
Subject Matter Elements:landscapeportrait
still lifeabstractnon-objective
CulturalElements:ritual
natureexpressiveimpressionismrealism
narrativeRenaissance19th century
Naturalism
Drama Elementsplot developmentrising actionturning point
falling actionsuspensethemelanguageempathy
make-upmotivationdiscoverysettingmood
Production:stagingsceneryprops
thrustlightingsoundcostumesproscenium
Performance breath controldictionbody alignment
Theater directoractorplaywrightactressdesigner
Dance spacetimeforcelocomotorathleticpedestrianbody alignment-landingbalanceelevation
Music rhythm
tempomelody
harmonyform
timbre dynamics voice
Cultural styles of musicjazz
balladsoperas
spiritual
Broadway
Time Periods:Renaissance
BaroqueClassicalRomantic
20th Century
Literature Elements:plotcharacter
settingpoint of view
language & style
Arts & Humanities ( High School)
Art Elements:color / color theory
primary & secondary huesvaluesintensity
color relationship
Design balancesymmetryasymmetryemphasis
patternrepetitionunitycontrastvariety
movementrhythmproportiontransitiongradation
Mediaaesthetictwo-dimensionalthree-dimensionalportrait
landscapestill lifeabstractnon-objective
Cultures / Periods / Styles:Modern / Contemporary
AmericanEuropeanLatin American
Purposes:Persuasive formalist
Drama Elements: exposition development
climaxreversaldenouementsoliloquycharacter (protagonist &
antagonist)symbolismforeshadowingdialoguemonologue
ensemblebodyvoicescriptsensory call
Cultural improvised / informalrehearsed / formal
stylesettingcostumemovement
languagestage directionsDance Elements:costumeslightingpropsscenerychoreography
Choreographythemevariationrondoround
narrative
Socialfox trotwaltzjitterbug
cha-cha
Culturalrecreationalceremonialartis
Music Elements:overturesonatasymphonicopermelodic motif
composeperformimprovise grand stafftreble clefbass clef
Cultural Elements:recreationalceremonial
artistic expressionpatriotic songsprotest songs
Literature Elements:plotcharacter
settingpoint of view
languagetheme
irony
symbol
Genres:novelsshort storiesplays poetryessays biographies
Practical Living / Vocational Studies
Practical Living / Vocational Studies:Key Verbs:demonstratepromoteexpressapplyingheeding
employingperformcopedevelopcontributes
comparecontrastdrawing conclusionsevaluate
(Elementary):
responsibilityrespect conflict resolutionpreadolescencebody systemscirculatoryrespiratorydigestivehygienehealthcommunicablediseasesnutritious foodsfood guide pyramidrespirationperspirationbenefitsaerobicendurance
flexibilitybody compositionhazardsproceduresbehavioral changesconsequencesnon-medicinal drugsover-the-countercatastropheeffective strategiespeer pressurestress managementlocomotornon-locomotormanipulative skillsmovementspectatorsneedswants
advertisersincomeexpendituresplanning & savingcommunity organizationnonprofitimmunizationsservicesresourcesvoluntary agenciesmale & female rolesoccupationsjob opportunitiesself-knowledgedependabilitypunctuality cooperationtechnology efficiently
Middle and High School:financial mgt. Strategiesconflict-resolutionlongevitybenefitshuman lifecycle/reproductionemotional healthabstinencemetabolism
cardiovascularenduranceSTD’sself-assessmentcoordinationoffensivedietincidenceseizures
alternativesdefensivetransmissioncounselingmental illnesseconomybody systemsshort/long termconsequences
preventioninterventionpeer pressurecommunicable diseases non-communicablediseasescoping diseasespersonal illnesses
harassmentbudgetingfinancingnutrientsresourcesoverindulgencelogicalsequential
locomotornon-locomotortransitionalanalysisexcessiverefinementtechniquesconsumer
tools of compromis
e / cooperation
improvemaintain
Writing(middle/high school)
Transactive Writingvariety of formstransactiveinformationengage
clarifyjustify purposesexplanationauthor’s purposeeffective conclusion
well-organized
Dance