Mobile Databases for Health Informatics
Web Conference 2003
Dr. Stanley G. AungstAssistant Professor of IST, Penn State University
Karen E. FleagleSenior, School of IST, Penn State University
June 18, 2003 1:00 - 2:00PM
Mobile Database Management System
IBM’s DB2 Everyplace • An Introduction to DB2e
• Basic Components• Environments• Security
• Handheld Form Factors• Palm OS Emulator (POSE)• Palm m500• Future Form Factors (Palm Tungsten, Smartphones, etc.)
• Practical Applications for DB2e• Virtual Coconuts Project• Hershey Medical Center - Pain Management Database Project• Pennsylvania Governor’s School for Information Technology
• Acknowledgements – Steve Kellogg and the AIT Group
• DB2e stores, retrieves, organizes and manages data on a handheld device
• The data on the handheld device is synchronized to a server-based relational database management system (RDMS)
• DB2e is currently available for Palm OS, EPOC, Neutrino, Windows CE and embedded Linux
An IntroductionIBM’s DB2e
An IntroductionIBM’s DB2e
• Limitations of today’s small form factor technology• System memory
• Power consumption
• Processor speed
• DB2e accommodates for this limitations• DB2e is a “thumbprint” DBMS ( ~ 180k )
• Sync small amounts of data to server database
• DB2e was first introduced in August 1999• Could be downloaded from IBM’s website in 1999 (version 7.0)
• Presently, must join Advanced Developers Group of IBM Silicon Valley
• Initially only available on Palm OS and Windows CE
• Current version: 8.1.1
Basic ComponentsIBM’s DB2e
• DB2e on the handheld device• Database Engine• IBM Sync• Query By Example (QBE)
• Synchronization Server• Allows synchronization between DB2e and server database• Mobile Device Administration Center (MDAC)• Table encryption for version 8.1.1• J2 MicroEdition (J2ME) Sync Client for cell phones and pagers
• Mobile Application Builder (MAB) CASE Tool• Creates custom applications for the handheld device
• DB2 Universal Database (UDB2)• Server database
EnvironmentsIBM’s DB2e
• Two-tier environment• Database Engine (DB2e)• Sync Server and UDB2
• Three-tier environment• Database Engine (DB2e)• Sync Server• UDB2
Security on the HandheldIBM’s DB2e
• Version 8.1.1 added the ability to encrypt local data on:
• Windows CE / Pocket PC• Windows 32-bit• Palm platforms
• Secure encryption (56 or 128 bit) and compression during data transfer
• Encryption access is handled via a connection to the database with a valid user ID and password
Sync ServerIBM’s DB2e
• Cross platform, database independent, bi-directional synchronization server
• Running in a two-tier or three-tier environment
• Allows synchronization between handheld device and enterprise server
• Control Database (DB2) – for management of the Sync Server
• Data Staging Tables – to increase throughput
• Mirror Database – where conflicts are resolved
• DB2 Log Writer – records update activity
• Data Capture Program – moves data between mirror database and the enterprise database (UDB2)
Components of the Sync ServerIBM’s DB2e
Sync Server ProcessIBM’s DB2e
• User authentication by control database
• Input into staging table
• Moved to mirror database
• Activity recorded in DB2 Log Writer
• Data capture program updates enterprise database
Sync Connection OptionsIBM’s DB2e
Mobile Device Administration CenterIBM’s DB2e
• Graphical User Interface (GUI) administers the Sync Server
• Sets up user accounts and defines what data each user can synchronize
IBM SyncIBM’s DB2e
• Located on the handheld device
• Initiates the syncing process
• User name and password must be typed into IBM Sync for process to continue
• Device ID is registered with the Sync Server during the first sync
Overview of Sync Server ComponentsIBM’s DB2e
Mobile Application Builder (MAB)IBM’s DB2e
• GUI for creating custom applications
• The application allows users to create, delete, and update records in a database via their handheld device
• Rapid prototyping capability
• Includes samples (Virtual Nurse)
• Visually create and edit forms by selecting controls from the palette
• Define alerts based on user entries (Creation Successful!)
• Add images to forms
• Add menus to forms
Features of the MABIBM’s DB2e
Palm OS EmulatorIBM’s DB2e
• Effective for testing custom applications
• Different Palm OS versions
• Can be “buggy”
• Great instructional tool
Small Form FactorsPalm™ m500
• Memory: 8 MB
• Screen Resolution: 160 x 160
• Weight: 4 oz.
• Expansion Slot
• Palm OS Software: v4.0
• Price: $149
Small Form FactorsXircom® Wireless LAN Module
• High-speed access to network resources (up to 11 Mbps) for handheld PCs
• Compatible IEEE 802.11b high-rate standard
• Compatible with Palm m500 series, Palm m125 handheld computers
• Priced between $220 - $250
Small Form FactorsPalm™ Tungsten™ C
• Memory: 64 MB (51 MB actual)
• Screen Resolution: 320 x 320
• Weight: 6.3 oz.
• Wi-Fi 802.11b Radio
• Palm OS Software: v5.2.1
• Price: $499
Small Form FactorsPalm™ Tungsten™ W
• Memory: 14.8 MB actual storage capacity
• Screen Resolution: 320 x 320
• Weight: 6.4 oz.
• GSM™/GPRS Voice and Data
• Palm OS Software: v4.1.1
• Price: $549 (AT&T wireless service sold separately)
Small Form FactorsKyocera 7135 Smartphone
• 16 MB of RAM
• Weight: 6.6 oz.
• Palm OS Software: v4.1
• Trimode CDMA digital wireless phone• CDMA PCS (1900 MHz)• CDMA cellular (800 MHz)• Analog cellular networks
• Price: $499.95 with contract
Virtual CoconutsIST 240 Project
• Built a two-tier solution with IBM's DB2 Everyplace
• Their Virtual Solution: selling Hawaiian shirts, grass skirts and paper-mache coconuts for the luau
• Allowed the user to:• set up an online password
account• order products• check the status of their orders
using Palm Pilots.
• A CRM system gives the customer the status of their product via any handheld PDA or WAP enabled phone
PAIN Management DatabaseHershey Medical Center Project - 2003
• A Mobile DB2 Everyplace Wireless Database Solution • Hershey Medical Center - Anesthesiology Department
• Opportunity to have patient records on handheld devices in operating rooms
• Wirelessly transmit records to access/update patient information
• Goal was to integrate:• Wireless technology• Handheld devices• Mobile PAIN Management database• DB2 Everyplace
• DB2 Everyplace
• UDB2 Enterprise Database Server
• Wireless Access Points
• Small Form Factor• PDA• Smartphone
• Virtual Private Network (VPN) – Tunneling• Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) • In compliance with HIPAA requirements
PAIN Management DatabaseHardware & Software Requirements
• The wireless process would include:• Doctors carry mobile devices to access patient records• Access Points are located throughout the department• Patient records are accessed/updated inside the
department• Passwords (2 deep) to verify user (HIPAA regulations)• Mobile device wireless request for information • Doctor is notified when transaction is completed
• PAIN management research capabilities
PAIN Management DatabaseWireless Processes
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)
The HIPAA legislation has four primary objectives:
• Assure health insurance portability by eliminating job-lock due to pre-existing medical conditions
• Reduce healthcare fraud and abuse • Enforce standards for health information • Guarantee security and privacy of health information
PAIN Management DatabaseHIPAA Regulations
• All healthcare providers, health plans, payers, clearinghouses, and other entities that process health data must comply with HIPAA
• HIPAA applies to all communication that is stored or transmitted electronically, or that has been stored or transmitted electronically in the past.
• Media includes, but is not limited to:» Computer databases» Tapes» Disks» Telecommunications» Fax» Internet» Networks
PAIN Management DatabaseHIPAA Compliance
PAIN Management DatabaseDatabase Tables & Relationships
(Appended Tables)
• Surgery Table (1,1)
Surgeon ID Patient ID Surgeon Last Name Surgery DateSurgery / Injury Code
• Patient Table (1,M)ID Patient Last NamePatient First NameSexDate of BirthWeight
• Refine the customer requirements
• Make the system wireless 802.11x and/or Cellular with Palm™ Tungstens™ and Smartphones
• Make the wireless system secure• Use Movian VPN / Cisco • Hardware or software solution
PAIN Management DatabaseNext Steps
PA Governor’s School for ITMobile Database Skill Track
• Last year, each student:• Designed and created a mobile database• Built a mobile application for a Palm m500• Contacted the enterprise database – wired• Contacted the Internet wirelessly via 802.11b
• This year, we plan to:• Focus on mobile databases for health informatics• Use different form factors such as:
» Blackberries» Palm Tungsten» Smartphones
• Travel to Hershey Medical Center to visit the Life Lion pilots and emergency medical team
• Hershey Medical Center – Anesthesiology Department staff, especially Gregg Schuler, Jon Chadwick and Dr. Donald Martin MD
• Steve Kellogg, Mark Campbell, Craig Anthony and the staff of the AIT group at Penn State, University Park
• Debby Nakamura, IBM Director of the Advanced Development Group at IBM Silicon Valley
• Paul Zikopoulos, IBM Database Specialist at IBM Toronto
• Dan Foster and the RIIT Group of the Smeal College of Business, Penn State, University Park
Mobile Database DevelopmentAcknowledgements
Contact UsIBM DB2e
Dr. Stan Aungst E-mail: [email protected]
Office Phone: (814) 865 - 0814
Karen E. FleagleE-mail: [email protected]