Lungs &
Bronchopulmonary Segments
1
download these slides free of cost fromwww.slideshare.com
Lungs in situ
2
Borders & Surfaces
Apex
Base or inferior surface
3 Borders: Anterior Posterior
Inferior
2 surfaces: Costal Medial Vertebral Mediastinal
3
4
Cardiac notch
5
Fissure & lobes of lung
6
Fissure & lobes of Rt lung
7
Fissure & lobes of Lt lung
8
Mediastinal surface: Rt Lung
9
Mediastinal surface: Rt Lung
10
Mediastinal surface: Rt LungMediastinal surface: Rt Lung
11
Mediastinal surface: Lt lung
12
Mediastinal surface: Lt lung
13
Mediastinal surface: Lt lungMediastinal surface: Lt lung
14
Mediastinal surfaces of lungs
15
Hilum of lung
16
Root of lung
17
Areolar tissue
Bronchial vessels
Pulm plexus
Roots of lungs
BP nodes
18
Structures at Hilum of lung
Both lungs ( ant to post) pulm vein pulm artery bronchus
Rt lung (sup to inf) Lt lung (sup to inf)
eparterial bronchus pulm artery pulm artery principal bronchus hyparterial bronchus pulm vein pulm vein
19
Right lung Left lung
20
bronchus
bronchusTrachea
Bronchial Tree
21
Trachea Principal bronchus/primary
Lobar bronchus/sec
Segmental bronchus/tertiary (10 in each)
Bronchus div till cartilage is absent & lumen 1mm/< - BRONCHIOLE
Terminal Bronchiole(conducting portion ends)
Respiratory bronchiole (respiratory portion begins)
Bronchial Tree
22
Lobar
Segmental
Bronchus
Terminal bronchiole
Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolar ducts
Atrium
Alveolar Sac
Alveolus
Many divisions
23
Bronchopulmonary segments
Well defined sectors of lung
Pyramidal, apex towards hilum
10 in each
contains – segmental bronchus pulm & bronchial artery branch pulm vein is intersegmental
independent bronchopulmonary unit but not individual bronchovascular unit
24
Intersegmental course of pulmonary vein
25
Bronchopulmonary segments: Ant view
R L
26
Bronchopulmonary Segments- post view
L R
27
28
Rt lung Lt lung
1. Apical 1. Apical Apicoposterior2. Post UPPER LOBE 2. Post3. Ant 3. Ant
4. Lateral 4. Sup. Lingular5. Medial MIDDLE/ LINGULAR 5. Inf. Lingular
6. Apical 6. Apical7. Medial basal 7. Medial basal8. Ant basal LOWER LOBE 8. Ant basal9. Lat basal 9. Lat. Basal10. Post basal 10. Post. basal
29
Blood supply:• Arterial – bronchial A
Rt side - one – branch of 3rd post intercostal Artery
Lt side – two– branch of dsc thoracic aorta • Venous Rt side -- two bronchial veins – drains into Azygos V
Lt side --two bronchial veins – drains into Hemizygos
Mainly lungs drained by Pulm veins - sup & inf.
30
Bronchial Arteries
31
Lymphatic drainage
Superficial – BP nodes Tracheobronchial nodes (hilum) (tracheal bifurcation)
Deep – Pulm L nodes BP nodes TB nodes
Alveoli has no lymphatics around them
Rt subclavian trunk & Lt thoracic duct
32
33
Nerve supply
Ant & post pulm plexus PS – vagal fibres motor to bronchial muscles & glands; sensory
Symp – T2-T5 spinal segments
34
Applied aspects Segmentectomy – bronchiectesis, lung abscess, benign tumours
Bronchoscopy & removal of foreign body
Postural drainage – lung abscess
TB lung
Bronchiectasis (chronic dilatation of bronchi with sec infection) Emphysema (distal to terminal bronchioles distension with destructive changes in their walls)
Lung carcinoma
35
BRONCHOSCOPY
36
Bronchiectasis
37
TUBERCULOSIS LUNG
38
39
40
41
42
43