lungs bp segments

Lungs &

Bronchopulmonary Segments

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Lungs in situ

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Borders & Surfaces

Apex

Base or inferior surface

3 Borders: Anterior Posterior

Inferior

2 surfaces: Costal Medial Vertebral Mediastinal

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Cardiac notch

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Fissure & lobes of lung

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Fissure & lobes of Rt lung

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Fissure & lobes of Lt lung

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Mediastinal surface: Rt Lung

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Mediastinal surface: Rt Lung

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Mediastinal surface: Rt LungMediastinal surface: Rt Lung

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Mediastinal surface: Lt lung

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Mediastinal surface: Lt lung

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Mediastinal surface: Lt lungMediastinal surface: Lt lung

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Mediastinal surfaces of lungs

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Hilum of lung

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Root of lung

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Areolar tissue

Bronchial vessels

Pulm plexus

Roots of lungs

BP nodes

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Structures at Hilum of lung

Both lungs ( ant to post) pulm vein pulm artery bronchus

Rt lung (sup to inf) Lt lung (sup to inf)

eparterial bronchus pulm artery pulm artery principal bronchus hyparterial bronchus pulm vein pulm vein

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Right lung Left lung

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bronchus

bronchusTrachea

Bronchial Tree

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Trachea Principal bronchus/primary

Lobar bronchus/sec

Segmental bronchus/tertiary (10 in each)

Bronchus div till cartilage is absent & lumen 1mm/< - BRONCHIOLE

Terminal Bronchiole(conducting portion ends)

Respiratory bronchiole (respiratory portion begins)

Bronchial Tree

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Lobar

Segmental

Bronchus

Terminal bronchiole

Respiratory bronchiole

Alveolar ducts

Atrium

Alveolar Sac

Alveolus

Many divisions

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Bronchopulmonary segments

Well defined sectors of lung

Pyramidal, apex towards hilum

10 in each

contains – segmental bronchus pulm & bronchial artery branch pulm vein is intersegmental

independent bronchopulmonary unit but not individual bronchovascular unit

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Intersegmental course of pulmonary vein

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Bronchopulmonary segments: Ant view

R L

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Bronchopulmonary Segments- post view

L R

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Rt lung Lt lung

1. Apical 1. Apical Apicoposterior2. Post UPPER LOBE 2. Post3. Ant 3. Ant

4. Lateral 4. Sup. Lingular5. Medial MIDDLE/ LINGULAR 5. Inf. Lingular

6. Apical 6. Apical7. Medial basal 7. Medial basal8. Ant basal LOWER LOBE 8. Ant basal9. Lat basal 9. Lat. Basal10. Post basal 10. Post. basal

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Blood supply:• Arterial – bronchial A

Rt side - one – branch of 3rd post intercostal Artery

Lt side – two– branch of dsc thoracic aorta • Venous Rt side -- two bronchial veins – drains into Azygos V

Lt side --two bronchial veins – drains into Hemizygos

Mainly lungs drained by Pulm veins - sup & inf.

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Bronchial Arteries

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Lymphatic drainage

Superficial – BP nodes Tracheobronchial nodes (hilum) (tracheal bifurcation)

Deep – Pulm L nodes BP nodes TB nodes

Alveoli has no lymphatics around them

Rt subclavian trunk & Lt thoracic duct

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Nerve supply

Ant & post pulm plexus PS – vagal fibres motor to bronchial muscles & glands; sensory

Symp – T2-T5 spinal segments

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Applied aspects Segmentectomy – bronchiectesis, lung abscess, benign tumours

Bronchoscopy & removal of foreign body

Postural drainage – lung abscess

TB lung

Bronchiectasis (chronic dilatation of bronchi with sec infection) Emphysema (distal to terminal bronchioles distension with destructive changes in their walls)

Lung carcinoma

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BRONCHOSCOPY

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Bronchiectasis

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TUBERCULOSIS LUNG

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