DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
KEEPING THE HISTORICAL HERITAGE ALIVE: Methodology and pre-assessment tool for the
energy renovation of the historic residential stock of the east extension in Brussels.
Aránzazu Galán González [email protected]
Joint doctorate between Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
Building, Architecture and Town planning (BATir) dpt. and
Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid (ETSAM) Department of Construction and Architectural Technologies
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
Methodology
Residential Buildings
Renewal Energy House
Brussels THESIS
– Success story in the energetic refurbishment of patrimonial residential buildings
– Documental and practical basis of measures to apply
– Residential buildings constructed between 1860 and 1930 in the East Extension of Brussels
– REH location – EU capital – Existence of several
bodies and observatories in the field of renewable energy
– Special sensibility of the Local Administration with environmental protection and sustainability
– Preliminary assessment methodology
– Effectiveness of the measures evaluation
– Rehabilitation techniques identification
APPROACH
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
•31/12/2020: New constructions to be certified as nearly zero-energy buildings
•31/12/2018: Public buildings certified as nearly zero-energy buildings •No specific target for renovation.
2010/31/EU Directive
• Residential buildings consume 2/3 of the final energetic consumption of buildings representing a 70% of the built-up area
• Refurbished buildings are the leading cause of CO2 emissions • Energetic efficiency achievement requires striving to improve the energy
management of the existing residential buildings
Gaterell & McEvoy
• Construction consumes a 40% of the energetic demand • 20% reduction in the consumption of primary energy • Construction as a key factor in the energy consumption reduction
European Commission Horizon 2020
• New constructions built under passive standards • Refurbishment of public building performed by means of low energy
consumption standards • Promotion of model houses and sustainable neighbourhoods • Definition and application of a system to analyse the energy efficiency of
social housing stock • Improvement of the energetic subsidies in the regional plans
Brussels: new legislative framework in residential
buildings
JUSTIFICATION
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
STUDY FRAMEWORK
¾ Need of performing energetic refurbishment in historical residential buildings
¾ Methodology
¾ Assessment of the adequacy
¾ Eligible solutions and alternatives
Lack of energy efficiency expected improvements Unsuccessful solutions
Raise of the final budget
No identification
of incompatibilit
ies
No previous analysis
Individual Approach
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
“It is possible to define a methodology to identify the most optimal refurbishment
solutions, with regards to the improvement of energy efficiency, to apply to any building
belonging to the stock of historical residential buildings located in the area named East
Extension of Brussels, based on a clear typological building classification and the
identification of the applicable solutions”
HYPOTHESIS
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
# Objective
1 Define a methodology to support during the energy efficiency refurbishment of historical buildings constructed between 1870 and 1930 in the East Extension of Brussels, based on the outcomes of the REH
2 This methodology will be generalizable to all the buildings belonging to the same typology.
3 The methodology must be extensible to be reused in any building typology
4 The methodology must include a continuous improvement process to adjust and to adapt the methodology by using the results and the feedback obtained from the experience.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
1992
1997
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Earth Submit (Río de Janeiro)
World Submit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburgo)
Kyoto Submit
Bonn conference
-Europe 2020 Strategy endorsement -Directive 2010/31/UE (rev .2002/91/CE)
Stern report about climate change
European Directive 2002/91/CE about building energy efficiency
[17]: Lack of technical expertise to achieve efficiency goals
Spanish royal decree 47/2007 approving energy certification
Brussels updates Construction Code
[13]: Refurbishment is the ideal solution
[15]: Potential of refurbishment in the energy efficiency improvement
[7]: Buildings emit 26% of CO2 [9]: Refurbishment more efficient than demolition and new construction
[4]: Residential buildings in the focus to reduce energy consumption
[14]: Refurbishment potential to improve energy efficiency
[18]: Energetic rehabilitation design methodology
Renewal Energy House European Council sets out actions for energy policy
New
4old
Pro
ject
STATE OF THE ART
Cost optimal levels of minimum energy performance requirements - BCR
Performance energetique et de climat interieur des batiments- BCR
Directive 2012/27/UE on energy efficiency
3enc
ult
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
ESTIMATION METHODS
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
Documental Methodology
1º Similar methodologies compilation
2º Gather information about Energy refurbishment projects focused in patrimonial and historical buildings
3º Study of the existing refurbishment solutions; parameters identification
4º Catalogue buildings in the scope of the thesis
Documental Research Initial Hypothesis revision and restatement
1º REH Study
2º Selection and detailed study of eligible buildings to be compared with the model
3º Hypothesis and Thesis Objectives restatement based on the solutions the typologies analysed.
Experimental Methodology
Methodology
1º TCS matrix construction
2º Methodology definition
Conclusions
Conclusions
1º Draw-up Conclusions
2º Proof of established hypothesis
METHODOLOGY
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
CASE STUDY: BRUSSELS EXTENSION EAST
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
SOURCE: B³-RETROTOOL project – BXL-RETROFIT Innoviris Platform AUTOR: Arnaud Evrard (UCL)
CASE STUDY: BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
BRUSSELS CAPITAL REGION:
BRUSSELS EXTENSION EAST
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
CASE STUDY: BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Parc Leopold
Squares
1a Maison bourgeoise before 1850 1b Maison bourgeoise Leopoldian type 2a Maison bourgeoise with bel étage (1 dwelling) 2b Maison bourgeoise with bel étage (>1 dwelling) 3a Hôtel de Maître or Hôtel particulier 3b Maison de rapport 4a Modest house from before 1919 4b Modest housing from after 1918 (Garden City) 5a Maison bourgeoise - Evolution (1 dwelling) 5b Maison bourgeoise - Evolution (>1 dwelling) 6 Apparment building 7 Housing after 1945
Legend
CAPA_et_Type
<all other values>
TYPE
1a
1b
2a
2b
3a
3b
4a
4b
5a
5b
6
7
Cinquantenaire
Quartier Europeen
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
1
2
3
1
2
3
Original plans of Square Marguerite 62 Source: Personal
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
PRE-ASSESSMENT TOOL –TCS MATRIX
TCS Matrix: building Typology
building Component Solution
Continuous Improvement
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
BUILDING THE GROUND OF THE MATRIX
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
BUILDING THE GROUND OF THE MATRIX
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
PUBLICATIONS
Conference papers: A. Galán González, P. Bouillard, C. Acha Román, M. Stevanovic (2013). KEEPING THE HISTORICAL HERITAGE ALIVE: Methodology for the energy renovation of the historic residential stock of the east extension in Brussels. PLEA2013 - 29th Conference, Sustainable Architecture for a Renewable Future. Munich, Germany. A. Galán González, P. Bouillard, C. A. Acha Román, M. Stevanovic (2013). Pre-assessment tool for the evaluation of optimal renewable energy integration strategies. Case study in the extension east of Brussels. CISBAT 2013 International Conference - Cleantech for smart cities and buildings from nano to urban scale. EPFL-Lausanne. Accepted abstracts: A. Galán Gonzalez, C. A. A. R., P. Bouillard (2014). Improving energy efficiency of the historic residential stock of Brussels. CONSTEC2014 - 1st International Congress on research in Construction and Architectural Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSAM. Madrid. A. Galán González, S. T., A. Athanassiadis, A. Evrard, P. Bouillard, C. A. Acha Román (2014). OLD BUILDINGS, NEW CITIES: Energy renovation strategies for the historic residential stock of Brussels. WORLD SB14, Barcelona, Spain. S. Trachte, A. E., A. Athanassiadis, A. Galán González (2014). Sustainable retrofit of the old part of dwellings stock in Brussels Capital Region PLEA 2014 - The 30th International PLEA Conference. Ahmedabad, India
DS²BE Doctoral Seminar on Sustainability Research in the Built Environment
30/04/2014
With the financial support of the Brussels Capital Region through the
Innoviris Strategic Research Platform 2012 – Brussels Retrofit XL
Aránzazu Galán González [email protected]
Thank you for your attention,
Any questions?