Prepared by Planning Department 1
In the Name of Allah
IEEJ : June 2011
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Islamic Republic of AfghanistanMinistry of Energy & Water
Status of the Power Sector in Afghanistan
Past, Present, and Future
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Ministry of Energy and Water Electricity Sector Policy
Provide overall direction for electricity sector development and formulate broad policies and regulations for the benefit of all of Afghanistan that is consistent with other national development plans and laws;
Initiate the establishment of an independent electric regulatory entity;
Promote private sector participation and investment in the electricity sector;
Encourage the expansion of access to underserved and rural communities;
Stimulate the rational use of new and renewable sources of energy; and
Represent the government of Afghanistan in electricity matters pertaining to regional interconnections and international organizations.
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PAST
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Electricity Status Pre-2002
Total operating generation capacity was 291 MW
Hydro: 257 MW
Diesel Gen-set: 34 MW
Total consumers supplied: 117,000
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PRESENT
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Power Sector Status After 2002
Power generation and import has been increased from 264 MW to 700 MW.
Installed capacity to import power from neighboring countries has been raised from 50 MW to 335 MW.
Total 110 KV, 220 KV transmission lines length have been raised from 745 Km to 1,665 Km.
Kabul and provinces distribution networks have been undergoing rehabilitation and extension.
Total number of consumers has been increased from 117,000 to 633029.
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Available Power Generation capacities in overall Afghanistan
Hydro 252 MW
Thermal (Kabul & Mazar-e-Sharif) 90 MW
Diesel 74 MW
Import capacity 212 MW
Renewable Energy 13.1 MW
Small Diesel Gen-Set 65.5 MW
Total 706.6MW
Total number of electricity customers is about 633029 representing 36% of the country population.
About 60% of customers are in Kabul.
Existing Power Plants
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Present Capacity of Absorption for Importing Power
From Turkmenistan:
84 MW from 110 KV line to Andkhoy, Jawzjan, Saripul, and Maymana
76 MW from 220 KV line (used at 110 KV) to Herat and Rubat Sangi
From Uzbekistan 300 MW from 220 KV line for Kabul City and provinces situated in traverse to the line.
From Tajikistan 25 MW from 110 KV line to Kunduz
From Islamic Republic of Iran:
72 MW through 132 KV double circuit TL to Herat and Ghorian substations
3 MW through 20 KV double circuit to Herat
4 MW through 20 KV line to Nimroz
Existing Transmission Import Lines.
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Cost of Imported Energy
Average purchase rate of imported energy 3.125 US cent/Kwh
Average overall cost of imported energy 6.5 US cent/KWh
Average selling rate of imported energy 6.026 US cent/KWh
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Cost of bill for Imported Energy
Cost for bill of Hydro Power
- Residents (Kabul,Pul-e-Khumri,Jalal Abad, Kandhar, Helmand) 1- 300 KW/h 1.5 Afg
- Industrial Centers (MMI registered) 301-700 KW/h 4 Afg
- Commercial/Governmental/Embassies 701< KW/h 10 Afg
- Residents (Herat, Fariab, Jouzjan, Sar-e-pul, Kundoz) 10 KW/h
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Installed Capacity in KabulThe total installed capacity of power generation in Kabul Zone is 258 MW including:
• 188 MW Hydro• 95 MW Thermal • 133 MW Diesel• 128 MW import
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Present Status of Electricity in Kabul City
Available capacity in Kabul Zone is 231 MW
Substations absorption ability is about 437 MVA
Network absorption ability is around 200 MVA
Number of Kabul City consumers is 237248
Kabul City energy requirements is about 300MW in summer peak and 400 MW in Winter peak
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Energy Sector Development
THE FUTURE
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Energy Resources Potential
Hydro power potential: 23,000 MW (large, medium, small dams and micro hydro power plant )
Natural gas: 60 billion cm approx.
Petroleum : 12 million tons
Coal reserves : 100 million tons (in different locations throughout the country (establishing the precise quantities and qualities require further studies)
Solar and wind potential: (Mapping to be completed and least cost options to be pursued )
Most of these foresaid reserves have not been exploited yet.
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Power Plant Projects Under Construction
Salma Hydro Power Plant of 42 MW capacity
Parandy of Panjsher Hydro Power Plant of 4.05 MW capacity
Construction of Chamkany ,Bamyan, Charday Ghorband ,Asad Abad of Kunar; and Machlghu of Paktya provinces micro-hydro-Power Plants
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Improvement of the Present Status of Power
Short Term Actions (1385-1388)
Purchasing of Diesel Gen-set
Rehabilitation of the existing Hydro and Thermal Power Plants
Upgrading of Distributing Networks in order to reduce technical and commercial losses
Importing power from neighboring countries
Developing Renewable Energy resources
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Improvement of the Present Status of power
Short Term Actions (1385-1388)
Completion of NEPS high voltage transmission lines .
Development of domestic sources of energy
Installation of a gas-fired thermal power plant of 105 MW in Sheberghan.
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Improvement of the Present Status of Power – Cont.
Medium Term Actions (1385 – 1390)
HPP Feasibility Studies Initiated and ongoing:
Baghdara Hydro Power Plant
Kukcha & Kunar
Kilaghai
Kama River (starting)
Fara Roud
Gul Bahar
HPP Feasibility Studies to be initiated:
Surobi 2
Kajakai 2
Olambagh
Amu & Panj River
Kala Gosh
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Improvement of the Present Status of Power – Transmission Grid
National Grid System Development Plan> 500 kV
Turkmenistan to Mazar-i-Sharif> 220 Kv
Hayratan-Kabul
Tajikistan – Pul-i-Khumri
Kunduz-Taluqan
Kabul - Lugar –Gardez – Khost –Ghazni – Paktika
Kajakai – Kandahar
Farah-Herat> 110 Kv
Sher Khan Bandar-Amam Saheb Naghlu – Jalalabad – Mehtarlam Badghees –Turkmenistan Sher Khan Bandar- Quala-e-Zal
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Improvement of the Present Status of Power – Transmission Grid
The first phase of the National Grid System is the North East Power System:
NEPS
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Objectives of the North-East Power System (NEPS)
Establishing of the first branch of National Grid
Supplying of power to Northern, North-Eastern and Southern Provinces
Possibility of importing power from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan
Transmitting of Energy from domestic energy sources
Transmission of Electricity to neighbor countries through Afghanistan.
The North East Power System
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Substation (S/S) Expansion- Construction Program
Expansion of North West and Kabul North S/S
Construction of 220/20 KV Grid S/S in Kunduz, Mazar-e-Sharif Taluqan, Puli-Khumri, Khulm, Aybak, Doshi, Charikar, Chimtala Gardez, Pul-e- Alam, Khost, Ghazni and Paktika
Construction of 110/20KV S/S in Laghman- Jalalabad, Sar-e-Pul, Amam Saheb and Quala- e-Zal
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Donor Organizations – NEPS 220 KV Hairatan-Kabul Transmission Line
Asian Development Bank $113.1 million
World Bank $94.383 million
Islamic Development Bank $16.5 million
Gov’t. of India (GoI) $126 million
Gov’t. of Germany (KFW) Euro22.5 millionor $31.5 million
Gov’t. of Afghanistan $118.243 million
Gov’t of Iran $ 7.1 million
US Gov’t. (USAID) $340 million
Total $846.826 million
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Progress of Hairatan-Kabul 220KV Transmission Line (442 Km)
Uzbekistan Border to Puli-Khumri Section (240Km) competed:
Hairatan–Naibabad-Mazar-e-Sharif-Puli-Khumri completed.
Hairatan-Naibabad –Mazar-e-Sharif (ADB) completed.
Naibabad to Puli-Khumri (ADB) completed
Naibabad switching station (ADB) completed
Erection of Mazar-e-Sharif (50 MVA) and Puli-Khumri (32 MVA) 220/110 KV (S/S), (Germany-KFW) completed.
Transmission line capacity is 300 MW
Provinces impacted : Balkh, Semangan and Baghlan
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Progress of Hairatan-Kabul 220KV Transmission Line (442 Km in length)
Puli-Khumri to Kabul Section (202 Km): Puli-Khumri to Chimtala to Kabul North West S/S to Kabul North S/S
Puli-Khumri to Chimtala (GoI) completed.
Chimtala S/S (GoI) In construction – 95% completed.
Aybak S/S ,Doshi and Charikar S/S (in procurement stage)
Provinces impacted: Baghlan ,Parwan, Kapisa and Kabul
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NEPS in Development
NEPS
POWER IMPORT STATUS
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Tajikistan- Puli Khumri 220 KV Transmission Line
Capacity : 300 MW (D/C dual conductor)
Donor: ADB
Developing regional energy trade competition
Provinces impacted by grid extension: Northern, North-East and South-East Provinces
Present status : Under Implementation stage
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Turkmenistan - Naibabad 500KV Transmission Line
Line Capacity : Nominal 300 MW (TBD)
Donor : Unfunded
Provinces impacted by grid expansion :Northern , North-Eastern, Southern and South-Eastern provinces
Present States: Technical discussions for locating of border point for crossing of the transmission line, between both sides is under way.
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Preference to the Importing of Power in Medium Term
Access to cheaper energy in the range of (currently 2 to 6 US cent Per KWh )
Availability of surplus power in neighboring country to be accessed
Purchasing power from neighboring countries is cheaper than the domestic energy sources > Hydro Power 4.6 US cent per KWh > Thermal Power 32 US cent per KWh> Diesel Gen-sets 20 US cent per KWh
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Long Term Planning
HPP Construction:• Baghdara (nominally 220 MW)• Surobi 2 (nominally 180 MW) • Kajakai 2 (nominally 100 MW)• Specification of Kukcha River potential• Specification of Kunar River potential
Thermal Plant - Construction of coal fired thermal Power Plants
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Sources of Electrical Power in AfghanistanAfghanistan main sources of Power are as
follows :
Hydro
Natural gas
Petroleum
Coal
Renewable Energy