ICCAs for biodiversity in development cooperation EuropeAid-IranPeongchang, Republic of Korea, 13 October, 2014
Taghi Farvar & Nahid Naghizadeh, CENESTA, UNINOMAD, & ICCA Consortium
Land Use in IranA vast country in Southwest Asia, at the world’s arid belt Total land: 165,000,000 ha (1,650,000 km2)•Rangelands 85,000,000 ha (52%)•Forests ≈15,000,000 ha (9%)•Agricultural lands ≈18,000,000 (11%)•Other lands mostly deserts and urban/ industrial areas ≈47,000,000 (28%)
•700 Indigenous Nomadic tribes spread over 32 million hectares of the country’s rangelands– nearly 40 % of the total, & some half of the forest areas
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3. Strengthening conserved territories (ICCAs) and using their features, including buffer
zones preserved for times of drought
Historic events in Iran affecting nomadic indigenous territories
Changes in governance in the past centuryThe ancestral territories of indigenous nomadic tribes of Iran have been under attack since the 1920s, when the autocratic father of the Shah of Iran began sedentarisation at gunpoint. His son “nationalised” the territories by decree, and now there is massive land grabbing by both private and public sectors for refineries, factories, military bases, ecotourism and agricultural projects, large dams and roads and state-run “protected areas”....
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Ecol
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The ICCA Recognition Process
Empowering Iran’s indigenous nomadic tribes: Towards poverty eradication and nature conservation through diversification of income and wealth generation activities and the promotion of ICCAs
Re-empowerment process of IPs and LCs in Iran
Key Components of CONSERVATION (1)
Key Components of BIODIVERSITY (2)
Key Components of ICCA
(3)1. Preservation;
2. Sustainable use;
3. Restoration of territories and areas
1. Ecosystems;
2. Species;
3. Genetic resources.
1. A well-defined indigenous people or community in a close relation with an equally-well defined site or species embedded in local culture, identity, livelihood;
2. The people or community has— formally or in practice— a major role in management decisions about the site &/or species;
3. Their decisions & efforts lead to the conservation of the site &/or species.
Relationship between conservation, biodiversity and ICCAs:
(1) World Conservation Strategy. Gland, Switzerland. IUCN, WWF and UNEP, 1980.(2) Convention on Biological Diversity. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, 1992.(3) See the website: www.iccaforum.org. The ICCA Consortium is an organisation whose members are indigenous peoples, local traditional communities and other organisations dedicated to supporting conservation by indigenous peoples and traditional communities. CENESTA is a founding member of the ICCA Consortium. The Chair of CENESTA is currently the President of the Consortium.
Community ICCA Declaration for each ICCA— Farrokh-vand Tribe of Bakhtiari TC
• Participatory GIS and Participatory hand-drawn map of Migration routes- Shahsevan Tribal ConfederacyDespite much destruction of the migratory routes, traditional forms of migration are still practiced, albeit with difficulties 17
Schematic representation of invasion of community rights over natural resources in indigenous nomadic customary territories- Shaseven TC
PGIS & PMapping Bakhtiari Tribal Confederacy
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PGIS & PMapping Qashqai Tribal ConfederacyKushk-e-Zar Wetland
Examples of ICCAs in Iran
Sustainable Trapping in managed Bird Sanctuary
ICCA
Forest ICCA: in
Kurdistan
Wetland in Qashqai Territory
Inverted Tulips Plain: Bakhtiari tribal territory
Tribal summering grounds: highland forests
Migration as a conservation Strategy in Nomadic ICCAs
Camel ICCA in Desert
Developing a system for registering Community Biodiversity Registers (CBRs) for wild and domestic flora and fauna
Community Biodiversity Registers (CBRs) and Protocols (CBPs) In
view o
f the C
BD
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Pro
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Access an
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Sh
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Spring & mid-way grazing
Mid-way &spring grazing
Feed barley
Innovative Strategy to Cope with Drought
Conservation of Wildlife Dairy Products
Community Based Ecotourism
The role of ICCAs in conservation of nature and sustaining the livelihoods of their respective communities and peoples
Towards formalising the acceptance and recognition of ICCAs
Towards formalising the acceptance and recognition of ICCAs
[email protected]@cenesta.orgwww.cenesta.orgwww.iccaconsortium.org