I am Dmitri Mendeleev!

I am Dmitri Mendeleev!

I made the PERIODIC TABLE !

What is the PERIODIC TABLE?

oShows all known elements in the universe.

oOrganizes the elements by chemical properties.

How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE?

What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?

oThe number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom

OroThe number of

electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom.

What is the SYMBOL?

oAn abbreviation of the element name.

What is the ATOMIC WEIGHT?

oThe number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element using the periodic

table?

o # of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

o # of ELECTRONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

o # of NEUTRONS = ATOMIC _ ATOMIC WEIGHT

NUMBER

Families on the Periodic Table• Elements on the periodic

table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.

• Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.

• Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

Periods •Each row is called a “period”

1st Period = 1 Shell

2nd Period = 2 Shells

3rd Period = 3 Shells

4th Period = 4 Shells

•The elements in each period have the same number of shells

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Groups

•Each column is called a “group”

•Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”.

Group 1 = 1 electron

Group 2 = 2 electrons

Group 8 = 8 electrons

Except for He, it has 2 electrons

•The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”

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3, 4, 5, 6, 7


Determine the number of shells and the number of valence electrons for:

Sodium - Na3rd Period = 3 shells

1st Group = 1 valence electron

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Write your answers on your handout.

NeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


Ne

8th Group = 8 valence electrons

2nd Period = 2 shellsNeonName the element.

Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


HName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


H


1st Period = 1 shellHydrogenName the element.



BeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


Be

2nd Group = 2 valence electrons

2nd Period = 2 shellsBerylliumName the element.



SName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


S


3rd Period = 3 shellsSulfurName the element.



KName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


K


4th Period = 4 shellsPotassiumName the element.



HeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?


He


1st Period = 1 shellHeliumName the element.


• Helium is the exception in Group 8.

• Since it has just one shell, that shell can only fit 2 electrons instead of 8.

• It is in this group because all the elements have a full outer shell.

Now you are almost as smart as I am!

But not as handsome!Man, I look GOOD!

Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

What is an ELEMENT?o A substance

composed of a single kind of atom.

o Cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical or physical means.

What is a COMPOUND?

oA substance in which two or more different elements are CHEMICALLY bonded together.

What is a MIXTURE?

oTwo or more substances that are mixed together but are NOT chemically bonded.

Element, Compound or Mixture?






I am Dmitri Mendeleev!

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I am Dmitri Mendeleev!