Fw: CC Plume - CLU-IN Presentation by Landmeyer Stephen Smith to: Debbie Jourdan
Stephen P. Smith U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4 Office of Environmental Accountability 61 Forsyth Street, S.W. Atlanta, Georgia 30303 Ph: (404) 562-9554 Fax: (404) 562-9486 smith .stephen@epa .gov
07/09/201210:26 AM
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This message is being sent by or on behalf of an attorney. It is intended exclusively for the individual(s) or entity(ies) to whom or to which it is addressed. This communication may contain information that is proprietary, privileged, or confidential or otherwise legally exempt from disclosure. If you are not the named addressee, you are not authorized to read, print, retain , copy, or disseminate this message or any part of it. If you have received this message in error, please notify the sender immediately by email and delete all copies of the message. -----Forwarded by Stephen Smith/R4/USEPA/US on 07/09/2012 10:26 AM -----
From: To: Date: Subject:
Stephen Smith/R4/USEPA/US Karen Singer/R4/USEPA/US@EPA 04/25/2012 03:47PM CC Plume- CLU-IN Presentation by Landmeyer
NARPM-Presents-Capitai-City-Piume-Site-for-4-9-2012ppt.ppt
Stephen P. Smith U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4 Office of Environmental Accountability 61 Forsyth Street, S.W. Atlanta, Georgia 30303 Ph: (404) 562-9554 Fax: (404) 562-9486 smith .stephen@epa .gov
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This message is being sent by or on behalf of an attorney. It is intended exclusively for the individual(s) or entity(ies) to whom or to which it is addressed. This communication may contain information that is proprietary, privileged, or confidential or otherwise legally exempt from disclosure. If you are not the named addressee, you are not authorized to read , print, retain, copy, or disseminate this message or any part of it. If you have received this message in error, please notify the sender immediately by email and delete all copies of the message.
Welcome to the CLU-IN Internet Seminar
NARPM Presents ... Using Science to Find Solutions at Superfund Sites- The Benefit of EPA and USGS Collaboration
Sponsored by: U.S. EPA Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation
Delivered: April 19, 2012, 1:00PM - 3:00 PM, EDT (17:00-19:00 GMT)
Instructors: James Landmeyer. Ph.D., U.S. Geological Survey ([email protected] or (803) 750-5128) W. Russell Keslfe. Jr .. P.G .. U.S. EPA Region 4 ([email protected] or (404) 562·81319)
Sco/1 Miffcr, U.S. EPA Region 4 ([email protected] or (404) 562 9120 MOde fa lOt'S.'
J&an Batenl, U.S. EPA. Technology Innovation and Field Services DMsion (bef&nt.jeen@epa .gov or 703-603-9924)
Visit the Clean Up Information Network online at www.cluin.om
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2
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With that, please move to sl ide 3.
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·ng Science to Find Solutions a
Superfund Sites-The Benefit EPA and USGS Col/aborati
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4
EUSGS ........ ~wwtl
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Challenges for RPMs at Superfund Sites:
• /{low-hanging" fruit has been picked
• Who are the PRPs?
• Are there potential VI issues?
• Case Study at the Capital City Plume (CCP) Site, Montgomery, AL
6
II USGS ............. -*'
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In 2008, EPA Region IV asked the USGS the
following question:
"Why are PCE and TCE concentrations in groundwater at the Capital City Plume (CCP) Site not going down ?N
EUSGS -----·~wwtl
7
8
... almost 17 year.s had gone by since initial detection of PCE in a PSW
1991-9'2
1992
~loori99J
o...a-1993
No\ ......... 1993
F.or-yLm
J99t
]997
2001
2002
pa: ..,a.""""' .. pohb<.-~ .... n9W ... Apnll991 n ,,.........,~~<~~~.,£7.1 pfl,; ull ~f1."' ... u. 9\\" md 9EmM>y 1991. b6th ...U. l<t 111 tbt _.put<>ftbt ohJlloor Jqlllilr. ~-• «PM..t b)· tbt M\\o"" 'SSB •
Wo119\\Twu--or,.,,..looarAoiPCE-·e'"'
\\Qd:~ ~...-.: 0'\ ... «<CCM !lt ~bc:NJ ::::i ft« ~ bad ~f~ 'by 'np(lr. darm,: wd GQ\iltJog f« cbf &SA El.r;y P1.m nlht ~---oiM...,,. Su...moiM~ S<rK. C~ ':<Ill ~ uxn·Ditd .md JWDC~~~o'ed. •
ADEM~~ hn:~f~CJ!il~m.."
.>.DEM- !Ihn..,_'
Thti\DEI.i~ ..,..,,_......r...,"""'-•fi'CE"' :luUow ....-.,_ ... dot &SA &.~)' P!.ot..
n.. RSA To.-. ts t:.uili ~ tbt lCftr-A~C"tJCD of Mcao. Sa-.t. ~kDc:JoouP, StrMt.. U"'"MDDO ~ md~~A,_...,. tbt RSA~ Pboo.
ADEM~ .Ut tbt CCPSu•l>o- !orlho Sopefuod b>L
w.n 9E 11AS takm cd of :.n--.a-~ ofPCE O.Ctuxc 4
A Cl'l«.,.l pnz:IUif "1'"f1111<m >ltbt~llll _...t<D<Dofi\~Al.-..,.mdl>wm><os..
Tho IJSEPA P"'""'..., to Jut tho CCJ>S,ta oo ILo NPL
Tht \iSEPAboc= • romodW "'''""'Pil<IJ (lU).•
'l'bt USEPAculloct:. adduxoW ,.,U ,.,p., a tbt !tSJ\ E-.,. Pl.mr.
l'CE "'dtto<lad 111 C)llm, Cnol: dllnq trSUA ~
Cuy oiMO<l-.- bofW f.,,.liWty SOU<!y•
ACPl rtloc.1.~ liromllll ~~ ~ofW1~A\'IIllll mdU~S.trtttto;a loco-.,. ~~Smt<.
ThtM..,.._,- c_,.c"""""""" """_.., Em............,..SitoA>:c,_.,or.-o!~ oaco OttQI!Iodl>y >CPla tbt ~""' ur..,....,..or \\..,__A,_II>II Lnn..,.. -_A CPifb.,....,.......,oll'..tpnlOl!OJ_, .. ....t_.,;oo,.tbt,.....ACDODolW""'-A.--11>11~~-L
ThtCII]"ofM""'J'JO>I>y =:r. • pvlD!wl'"' ~ ,...,..._ Rr:uln uxllcMo ~dt!Ktl""' ~USGS c;f PCf!m•lh.' _.
............. -*'
8
U.S. Geological Survey
• Department of the Interior bureau
• Science organization- no regulatory or land management responsibilities
• Impartial data
• Mission - The USGS serves the N<Jtion by provid ing reliable scient ific information to describe and
unde.rstand t he Earth; minimi~e loss of life and property from natural disasters; manage
water, biologica l, energy, and mineral resources; and enhance and protect our quality of life.
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II USGS ............. -*'
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1.0
" ... source of contamination not k II nown ...
A common problem at some Superfund sites
II USGS ............. -*'
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11
Objective App roach - 2008
11 : 14
Topographic ........ and c..w ..
li 11 18 20 hydrologic ... ,........ divides . r
~ l1
. ........ 34
. ww..s 32
" all • 39 •• !JG 31 WW'·IIS
u ... cs 46
OMWO$ .. , .-JI'l'OI'
(s.wz"l S..~llcnlMM.-Ncdta...c..lrE. m ill!) 110 I.IOII flEI ntSM~•.iOOI,liW,OIIJ. EUSGS +,'lt--.o1\-'#' ~ ............................ ~ '" ""'~''"' -----·a-.r.fiM'II
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Basic concept: •Tree roots take up water, gasses, and associated contaminants from t he subsurface.
•The contaminants move up the trunk.
•Tree coring provides a sample of the groundwater and soil gas beneath the tree.
,;•on .. ,..
(~) 1~·~ ....... .-
12
II USGS ............. -*'
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13
Met hod has been peer-reviewed and published
~USGS --· ......... -*'
User·~ Guide 10 the Colleetion end Au lysis of Tr•e Com to Asst» die Distribution of Subsurface Volalile Organic Compounds
.._..,.._ ......... ... __ #'on.,'t..
(~·) ., .. ("rfl'-"'
~----.aDPD 1'tt7tclo1e.tsio. Oo.nd!-~'Stry:. •nd ~r¥MI1"19: Nvw Gt- n Tooll for ~nlng ContJmintnu f1«11 ,..,~ l!fld f'Jt'Hnl
--·--~ ... ---... ( .............
r=.~=:..::..-=--=: ___ ,._,..._r-----_ ..... ______ _ _,. __ ., .. _ ....... ~....,_. ..,..a--·---
II USGS ............. -*'
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14
=usGs ~-..... .,ti
14
15
............ ,.. ......... Minl . tllc:.
.-4l.SIP, 2fft, 1100.~
..._,... __ ""~,...;.-..z-•c
Data -2008
lliQ lret-llrUillillllli!ill.
•1!1111• 'i.S' e PassmfiiSi•I*J!POBf
so•plitaliidetlifl!l
16
II USGS ............. -*'
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Data- 2008
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Result
1. PCE and TCE detected upgradient of previously mapped groundwater 11plume" locations
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EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
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S.W-w..dka.W..U.ftd~lc. ftl.SII• 2D».t·tcm.-.. ~t..,. .. MIIIAD,..,....Z..11
Data- 2008 19
II USGS ............. -*'
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20
21
EUSGS -----·~wwtl
21
a...mM~Iftn!M .... Itd.-.....ft. .. ~.-.1~ ......_.,_,._,.....z-It
2008
1. Sllt.ElUS
22
22
1887 23
Looking at land Use History ill USGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
23
1912
24
25
~!USGS _ ........... -
26
......... ,.,.,.Mirft....-a.,lllt.
.. Gl•. IXI!l l '1QitJXJil u. ... Rnrt«Ma..•w~a...•
Data- 2008
N
2.7
EUSGS ..... ., ....... ..,.;
27
Result
1. PCE and TCE detected upgradient of groundwater uplume" locations
2. PCE and TCE detected near locations of former printing operations
2.8
II USGS ............. -*'
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How would Printing be related to
PCE and TCE?
2.9
EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
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Water-based proc!lsses Oi l:-based processes
Ink rollers
Printed paper
~0
EUSGS -----·~-*'
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Blanket wash
1) Toluene 2) Methyl Eth1yl Ketone (MEK) 3} Glycol Ethers 4) Xylene (mixed isomers)
--• 5) Tetrachloroethylene 6) Metfiy,l ,lsobutyl K~etone (MIBK) 1) Methanol 8) 11.1, 1-Trichloroet1hane (TCA) 9) Oichloromethane 1 0) Ethylene Glycol
Fountain Solutions
~1
II USGS ............. -*'
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Result
1. PCE and TCE detected upgradient of groundwater uplume" locations
2. PCE and TCE detected near locations of former printing operations
3. PCE and TCE were used by printing operations
II USGS ............. -*'
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What was done with the dai ly waste stream?
e II d · dd d • II ... umpe own ra1n ... II h d • h" IJ • ... was e m mac me ...
• Floor sumps
• Pkked up by Safety Kleen starting inlate 1960s
(quotes from responses to EPA Section 104(e) Information Requests)
II USGS ............. -*'
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Result
1. PCE and TCE detected upgradient of groundwater uplume" locations
2. PCE and TCE detected near locations of former printing operations
3. PCE and TCE were used by printing operations
4. Disposal down drains
II USGS ............. -*'
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How did this behavior result in contaminat ion of t he subsurface nearby
and, ult imately, groundwater?
Surface- soil- groundwater I pathway
II USGS ............. -*'
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10
20
ll
40
50
so
lO
~
rz
~
v 00 0 100 200
~7
Data -EPA Rl, 2000
0
MW-SS 10 MW·lOS
zo 30
40 Wall!rtable MaylUOOO 50
60
70
500 200 500
VOCs, ppm
EUSGS ....... ~..-M
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2008
Older subsurface drainage
l 8
grate
E USGS -----·~-*'
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39
40
41
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Tree-core data (2008)
Color-tee data (2011}
GW
72"
t PCE.fQ.('OO(ffi~IRn. s.oir~ W'l PIW'\ Ceklf.ttc I"'W'thod
l ojo< 68000 pptwl([
ww.os lOO ~lr. W.Kblngtoo .liwtnLH
'
1 SubwriK• ppng
ft ['\
•
.~ ·
'w-,n. .1\
"I ftt 0.01 tol.5 ~ l20DI to 20 12l
..... XII 43
EUSGS -----·a-.r.fiM'II
43
Color-tee data (2012}
PCE..lU conc~ttwon.Kitl9111 .n ppm, Colot•IK mtehod
AmuM
sr ~_:w:~~~~--~~----------------------------------~
44
EUSGS -----·~-*'
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••
Feob-ta')'n.201Z
PCE.TU conc~soii<PJ 10 l)p'n, Cokw·l.<: I'I'W!tt.od
? •
45
EUSGS .a-. .... ~wwtl
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500 1SO l.l'III f!lT II I I I I
IW 2QOMEru!S
Chlorofouq in groundw~tor
ln m1crograms ptrllll, Apn1-M•y 2009
> I
- >35
46
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Chloroform in groundwater?
• Chloroform added to water at the water plant
• Treated water has 2 to 44 ug/L
• MW-15 = 37.3 ug/L
• MW-15 has pH near 7.3 (all other wells less than 6)
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EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
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Chloroform in groundwater?
• How did treated municipa l water get to the water table?
• Possible cracks, root penetration (leakage) in sewer system
• Common to many municipa l, SS around the country.
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II USGS ............. -*'
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So what?
A tracer of what has been put into t he sewer (treated water and/or wastes) at land surface in upgradient area can enter the water table
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II USGS ............. -*'
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B.utll<ldlic!lrunltO!AllosNonbAmerica no llld ESI!~. !OCB. l.IOO,IXIII, ~1rau-o.useMerciii.Ot~Zone l6
H
t lSO SOO 7SO l,OlliUI
' , I I I I
100 2!11KI£RS
51
o.1!.. s..iluys .... IJIV•,.... il,.-.lowlfirtdill. oM ........
EUSGS -----·~wwtl
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What about the timing of the re,lease(s)?
• Years businesses operated related to age of plume?
52
EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
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CFCs in groundwater
• CFC (-11 and -113) are man-;made
• All water older than 1940 has 0 ug/L
CFCs
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• If dete·cted in water, it is no older than
1940
• CFC are in recharge everywhere
EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
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54
600
500
200
100
o~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1940 1950 1960 1970 1900
Year or recharge
1990 2000 2010
EUSGS ............. -*'
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CFCs in groundwater at CCP Site
• Present in only the shallow well
• Not present in all wells
• In groundwater at concent rat ions greater than possible for equilibrium wit h CFCenriched air
• CFCs are enriched over urban areas {USGS Fact Sheet 022-02)
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II USGS ............. -*'
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CFCs in groundwater
So what?
CFC-enriched water is further evidence of stormwater or sewer pipes leakage from land surface to groundwater} and the timing of occurrence.
S6
II USGS ............. -*'
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" t mur
~ l ~ i MW.OS Gilllmrncilgl c•. I MW ...
I ln811r&t11!111!11i:1, 195S T ~1111
lil lllll SbbMt
""'"l" 1$1 lie!Jafl~J IIIf
•· MW·~
1950s
0 ~ 100 750 1.000 m:r I ' • I I I I
0 100 200 r.ETERS EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
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SF6 in groundwater
• Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is a gas present at trace levels in the atmosphere that has n atura ~ and anthropogenic sources
• the detection of SF6 in groundwater indicates the presence of water recharged since the 1970s
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II USGS ............. -*'
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.:iJ'"'"' (~)
~~~-o'1,."
2003 MW-lS • j.MW·ll MW·~
- 1!JS2 IS
1!194 UW·Io:
250 Sill l'ill i JDltm ' r I r ' '
0 100 200 METERS
59
EUSGS ....... ~..-M
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Trees preserve a record of past events encountered during their annual growth
EUSGS ....... ~..-M
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Contaminants preserved?
• lnorganics, yes
• Organics, no
• But
• PCE and TCE leave behind Cl-, yes
• Caveat - some inorganics are transported within the t ree over space and t ime
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II USGS ............. -*'
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e.sa rmallid h<m Tole All., No!11Amo!.a, ln< IIKl l~. lOOII, 1:100,1m, Ulivelioll Tr.mv~~so Ml&31o! proJO<ticn,Z,.. I5
2009
N
t 0 :2ro 100 ISO I ,00) f<fl 1 1 1 I I! I
0 1110 lCOMrnAS
62
II USGS ............. -*'
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63
100 64
2009 A.TrooHl
Ill
60
c D
.. 'ii .. 0.
20 ~ :;; ... .:;
i lllO
110 .. ~ :c ..., 100
10
1960 1170 IIIlO !01~
II USGS ............. -*'
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••
Feob-ta')'n.201Z
PCE.TU conc~soii<PJ 10 l)p'n, Cokw·l.<: I'I'W!tt.od
? •
65
EUSGS .a-. .... ~wwtl
65
66
66
Gore Sorber
67
..
I
,i ' ..... ~&f'CltfiCI."IWII~..,.,.,.,,..,.... •• ~ ... Ofo.' ... "--.'"•lrl.....,_ ... aAol~ - ... ~~,......,. .... ~11\-- · ... JJ
Groundwater flow
68
II USGS ............. -*'
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69
What about downgradient?'
69
70
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Data - EPA Rl, 2000
MW-lS MW-4S 10 10
211 211
3D App'OJ:Jmatl dtpdl Joc&Don wtM11 worbrs Wlrt O'VIfCOIM tlyYipoJS lftCOIB1ltf"'d. SeptlfMtr 19'33 30 ~
40 40 v 50 so
60 100 2110 :jiJO 100 500 SOD 0 100 200 900 400 500 000
VOCs, ppm
II USGS ............. -*'
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Result
1. PCE and TCE detected upgradient of groundwater "plume" locations
2. PCE and TCE detected near locations of former printing operations
3. PCE and TCE were used by printing operations
4. Disposal down drains
5. Soil-gas more contaminated by PCE/TCE upgradient
.1"""-'0.
72
(~·l EUSGS ., .. t."'rfl'-" ............. -*'
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Conceptual Model
RSA Energy Plant
I
I I 4 I I I I I
I I It I I I _ ..
73
•• CFtM'SU
_j L---------------------------------------------------------------~~~;;~~-~-'
,..,.. figlq wll 1\.wt COnii'I"'Indilturn
73
74
Groundwater sampling
PCE and TCE
EUSGS .... ,...ct.MfiM'Itl
74
S.W-w..dka.W..U.ftd~lc. ftl.SII• 2D».t·tcm.-.. ~t..,. .. MIIIAD,..,....Z..11
Data- 2008 75
II USGS ............. -*'
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PCE Data • USGS, 2009
PCI:i. . ..-~,.._
1111 .. u .. ,.."' ktt. .,........,_ , ,. -, .,.
76
76
N
A
- -.... •Q .~ I ~ =--...---
\
EXI'lANIIJlOtl
~(I'Q'J> o.o3uw\ 2010 ll¥.11rTlf'll11'jj'
PCE > I Dugll.ApriHotllylCO!il. l!QIO[M....,ptl"'i,
77
II USGS ............. -*'
77
H
A
'
-....
~";t" I ~ ,_ ________ _ ..
~· ........ ' f ..... : ... :~1 -" x"'? -:• ---
•· I ~~ 0
I
EXI'UHAOOH
Pwd ... oact.,... (PCI) > O.QJ • lOll ~1111'4'11nv
78
EUSGS _,. .... ....,
78
,;•on..'t.
( ~ ·)-----=------""--'"---~~::.::..::::_______.__,_,=--______.!._______!_-'-J ., .. ("rfl'-"'"
TCE in groundwator (S fIn ml crOQrams per ll<r. A!>rii-Moy~
>0;02
79
II USGS ............. -*'
79
N
A -J .~
I - -··~ ,..J· I c~~~~----=;=
' !
EXPI..ANATlON
Tr1dlioroodlylone (TCE) > 0.1)2 u¢ 2010 El'l\ sornp!Wig
80
EUSGS --·~--'~
80
~ N
I \ A l ·-z
l I
I .. j .~
..,..
'" 0.72 ~~!oo lf:l;S -
-... r
[~PlANATION
'likhloroethyiene (ta) >0.02 ugll 2011 EM sampling
81
II USGS ............. -*'
81
82
To recap
• Where? Potential source(s) and locations
• How? Pathway (land surface to groundwater)
• When?
II USGS ............. -*'
82
PCE Data - USGS, 2009
PCl• ......... ,.._ IIM4f .. II-Pfflltt, .,.......,_
- > 1011
83
EUSGS ..... ., . .....,....,_
83
TCE Data - USGS, 2009
_,.,.~ n..,~
(~ ·l·~____L:l_~~~::_:__....c:;.;;~'---~___!_ _ _J_J
~~. ,.., ... '::'
TCE ia groundwa1•r (8}ln mitfCWJrams per tiler. A;>rii-Moy~
>M2
84
EUSGS -----·~wwtl
84
85
Science-based Data:
• Tree cores • Geoprobing, geophysics, ground and downhole • Vapor Implants • PlD, portable f ield GCs • Color-Tee field results • Chloroform as tracer of recha rge • CFCs, SF6 to age date groundwater • Dendrochronology • Air sampling • Soil-gas sampling
II USGS ............. -*'
85
86
EPA and USGS Collaboration
• lAG
• Need-specific Work Authorizations
• Access through USGS contact to ALL the USGS capabilities and expertise across 50 states
II USGS ............. -*'
86
87
Other EPA-USGS examples:
• Region VII; Riverfront Superfund site, New· Haven, Missouri
• Region IV; Alabama Pilating Site, Vincent, AL
• Region V; Co-location agreement
• Region Ill; Standard Chlorine of Delaware
II USGS ............. -*'
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88
http:/ /pubs.usgs.gov /si r /2011/5148/ II USGS ............. -*'
88
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,...,'ln""!!,..,.,.,J,.,...,._...u ..... f'~J ~1.7'·~~1-.
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