Gushing Over Water #FLOW Pressure & Flow 2013 Scott Guglielmino Product Manager, La Marzocco USA @scottflex
FLOW: What we will talk about
• What is water
• The water cycle
• Why baristas should care
• Water hardness
• Corrosion
• Common water questions
• Your questions about water
FLOW: The Personification
• Makes friends easily
• Never alone, never wanders away
• Always pulling others in
• But always a distinct individual
Life of the party: The Universal Solvent
FLOW: Environmental factors of water
Vegetation Acrid
FLOW: Environmental factors of water
Granite & Sand Limestone & Other Hardness Minerals
FLOW: Aquifers and you
FLOW: Water Hardness (Scale)
FLOW: Water Hardness (Scale)
Source: espresso-restorations.com
FLOW: Water hardness
Source: www.water.usgs.gov
Concentration of Hardness as Calciium Carbonate (mg/Liter)
Defining Hard Water
Source: usgs.gov
Soft 0 to 60 mg/L as calcium carbonate
Moderately Hard
61 to 120 mg/L
Hard 121 to 180 mg/L
Very Hard more than 180 mg/L
FLOW: Corrosion
pH
FLOW: Langelier Saturation Index
LSI = pH - pHs
Where:
• pH is the measured water pH
• pHs is the pH at saturation in calcite or calcium carbonate and is defined as:
pHs = (9.3 + A + B) - (C + D)
Where:
• A = (Log10 [TDS] - 1) / 10
• B = -13.12 x Log10 (oC + 273) + 34.55
• C = Log10 [Ca2+ as CaCO3] - 0.4
• D = Log10 [alkalinity as CaCO3] Source: wqa.org
But what about my water?
Target water properties
Testing your water
Correcting your water
FLOW: SCAA Water Specifications
Characteristic Target Acceptable Range
Odor Clean / Fresh, Odor-free
Color Clear Color
Total Chlorine 0 mg/L
TDS 150 mg/L 75-250 mg/L
Calcium Hardness 4 grains or 68 mg/L 1-5 grains or 17 mg/L – 85 mg/L
Total Alkalinity 40 mg/L At or near 40 mg/L
pH 7.0 6.5 to 7.5
Sodium 10 mg/L At or near 10 mg/L
Source: scaa.com
FLOW: La Marzocco Water Specifications
Characteristic Target
Odor Clean / Fresh, Odor-free
Color Clear Color
Total Chlorine 0 mg/L
TDS 150 mg/L
Calcium Hardness 3-5 grains or 51.3-85.5 mg/L
Total Alkalinity 90-120 mg/L
pH 7-7.5
Chlorides <30 mg/L
FLOW: Methods of Conditioning
• Mechanical Filtration
• Sediment removal • Small particle removal
• Dissolved solids removal • TDS removal
• Adsorption
• Activated Carbon • Taste and Odor removal
• Ion Exchange
• Softening • Hardness Reduction
FLOW: Tools for knowing your water: Good Tool
Source: Hach.com
FLOW: Tools for knowing your water: Best Tool
Questions?
