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Draft Beer at Home !Draft Beer at Home !
by
Jeremy Wallis (a devoted draft man !)
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1. What are the benefits ?
Draft Beer at Home !Draft Beer at Home !
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Draft Beer : What are the benefits ?
• No more bottles ! (one big bottle ?)
• Clean 1 container not 50. (no empties to store)
• Dispense as much or as little as you want
• No empties the next morning (tee hee)
• Instant carbonation possibility
• Controlled carbonation
• Potential for filtering (clarity, portability)
• Can be used as secondary / lagering vessel
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Draft Beer : What are the benefits ?
• Great for parties (assuming you have them)
• Guests feel less guilty than opening a bottle
• Easy to take on holiday
• You get to own impressive shiny things
• Adaptable for soft drinks / “Hooch” etc
• Addictive !!!!
• Moritz can fill them (e.g. emergency, feeling lazy)
• Easier to hug at the end of a long night.Sad to admit I know !
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And, remember, whatever else you’ve heard :
“The convenience and control“The convenience and control
afforded by a draft system farafforded by a draft system faroutweighs the cost”outweighs the cost”
Trust me, I’ve been doing this for 5 years now !Trust me, I’ve been doing this for 5 years now !
Draft Beer : What are the benefits ?
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
• The bare minimumis at least :-
– Keg
– CO2 gas bottle
– Regulator
– Some pipes – Connectors
– Chilling coil
– Dispensing tap
Zymurgy, Vol. 22, No. 1
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
How doCornelius
kegs work ?
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Equipment : What will I Need ?Cornelius : “Ball Lock” and “Pin Lock” versions
Pin LockBall Lock
One standard sized
Red Indian !
Keep the different
sizes in mind whenbuying a storage ordispensing fridge /
freezer
Its usually best to
keep with one type
& to standardise onconnectors
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
The ever versatile CORNELIUS KEG !
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Equipment : What will I Need ?Cornelius kegs, PIN LOCK . . . various views !
Pin Lock
Gas Valve
(2 pins)
Pin Lock
Beer Valve
(3 pins)
Pin Lock Keg,
Top View,
Note lid with :-
“Retaining Bail” &
“Pressure Relief Valve”
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Cornelius kegs, PIN LOCK . . . various views !
Equipment : What will I Need ?
Pin LockGas Valve
(2 pins)
Pin Lock
Beer Valve
(3 pins)
Pin Locks
work like alight bulbbayonet fitting
Pin Lock
Beer Disconnect
On the keg
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Cornelius kegs, BALL LOCK . . . various views !
Equipment : What will I Need ?
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
Valve andpoppet on aball-lock keg
How dothe valveswork on aCornelius
keg ?
Sometimes called
“Body Connects”
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Equipment : What will I Need ?Disconnects for Beer & Gas
Grey = G = Gas
Black = B = Beer
Pin-Lock Kegs:
Bayonet-2 = GAS
Bayonet-3 = Beer
John Guestfittings are
plug & play
Ball lock - Beer
Pin Lock - Gas Ball lock - Gas
Pin Lock
- Gas
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
Nut & tails
Clamps for
gas & beer pipes
Disconnects & connection itemsBall-lock : gas
Pin-lock :
gas
Disconnects
John Guest Fittings
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
What sort of piping should I use ?
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What sort of piping should I use ?
Equipment : What will I Need ?
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Equipment : What will I Need ?Gas bottle & Regulator & Piping & John Guest Fitting & Gas Disconnect
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
A regulator for your gas bottle
This section
connects intothe gas bottle
This gauge reads thepressure to your beer
This gauge
reads the
pressure in
your gas bottle
By screwing in this bolt you can increase
the pressure supplied to your beer
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Equipment : What will I Need ?A draft dispensing tap – get a decent one with flow control !
Flow controller
Note how John
Guest fitting isintegrated into
the tap
Spout
Disc for
“sparkler”function
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Equipment : What will I Need ?
IN SUMMARY . . .
Zymurgy, Vol. 22, No. 1
• The bare minimumis at least :-
– Keg
– CO2 gas bottle
– Regulator – Some pipes
– Connectors
– Chilling coil
– Dispensing tap
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EQUIPMENT :
2.2 How do I use it ?
Draft Beer at Home !Draft Beer at Home !
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Cleaning & Sterilisation
BLEACH
ØAvoid bleach ! It can pit the surface of stainless steel, esp. if hot.
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Cleaning & Sterilisation
CAUSTIC SODA (Sodium Hydroxide – NaOH - Alkaline)
ØGreat for removing organic deposits
ØProlonged contact can damage s/s but is used professionally
ØComes in dry & liquid forms
ØCauses skin burns easily (should wear gloves & goggles)
ØRinse afterwards : hot water, then cold water (+ acid rinse).
ØGreat for cleaning filters after use (1 tablespoon flakes / 2 litres hot tap water)
ØVery corrosive to aluminium & brass
ØCopper is generally resistant to NaOH corrosion.
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PERISAN (Peroxo-Acetic Acid - Acidic)
ØGreat steriliser – 0.5% solution (e.g. 5 ml in 1 litre cold tap water)
ØNeeds 2 minutes of contact time for ~ 100% killing.
ØWorks by bursting cell walls
ØCan be allowed to drip dry, i.e. does not need rinsing.
ØCan be rinsed with just cold water, rinses easily.
ØPowerful oxidising agent, do not get into contact with beer !
Equipment : How do I use it ?Cleaning & Sterilisation
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Cleaning & Sterilisation
BEER STONE
ØChemically this is Calcium Oxylate
ØIt’s a calcinatious deposit that occurs when beer is contact with steel
ØIt forms quicker at hot temperatures, especially in steel kettles etc.
ØAppears as a dull brownish to brownish-white deposit
ØHand scrubbing with plastic scourers is one way to remove it
ØA 2-6 hour soak in an ortho-phosphoric acid solution, pH : 1.7 - 2.0,
followed by a mild scrub.
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Cleaning & Sterilisation : My Personal Approach
ØClean outside of sealed keg with warm soapy water, cold water rinse.
ØOpen keg, disassemble lid, clean in warm soapy water, cold water rinse.
ØAdd 2 litres hot tap water to keg, swirl & empty to remove 99% of beer & gloop
ØAdd one kettle of boiling water, fit lid, invert for 2 mins, then shake for 30 secs.
ØPump boiling water out via beer-out valve.
ØDisassemble lids and soak in Perisan for 5 mins.
ØAdd 500 ml perisan solution, invert for 2 mins, then shake for 30 secs,
ØPump Perisan out via beer-out valve
ØInvert keg in sink and rinse thoroughly with cold tap water, use disconnects too.
ØDisassemble lids and rinse in cold tap water.
ØReassemble keg, purge with CO2 via beer-out valve.
ØDo a caustic clean only every 6 months.
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Filling your keg . . . the draft equivalent of filling 50 bottles
. . . yawn . . .ØUse a sterilised pipe
ØPipe must reach to bottom
ØKeep covered during filling
(e.g. cloth + steriliser)
ØLeave 30 mm headspace
(aids carbonation step)
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Naturally carbonating your beer : Use standard priming rates
See article in the WHB Library at www.worthogbrewers.co.za for full information
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Force carbonating your beer :
ØWhy wait 2 weeks when it can take 90 seconds ?
ØCO2 dissolves easily in cold beer
ØTwo Approaches :
ØUse “correct pressure” for a few days or
ØUse an over-pressure briefly + agitation
ØMy approach :-
ØBeer at 4°C
ØOne litre (~30 mm) headspace in keg
ØApply 300 kPa (3 bar, 42 psi)
ØShake, rattle & roll for 90 seconds
ØDrink !
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Equipment : How do I use it ?
Dispensing
“Jockey Box”
Instant chiller
“soda stream”
CO2 bottle& holder
Chiller coil
Standard CO2
/ N2 bottle Cornelius kegwith insulating
foam jacket
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Equipment : How do I use it ?Dispensing & Storage
My own fridge,
used for
fermenting &dispensing,
single tap &
drip tray fitted !
The chest
freezer I use tostore kegs of
beer !
Cold plate in
ice box, 4
beers on tap !
Keg stored
outside, chillercoil inside
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CO2 and your beer, WAZZUP ?
Equipment : How do I use it ?
ØCarbonation is measured by the volume of CO2 gas
dissolved in 1 litre of beer, e.g. :-
ØReal Ale : 1.0 litre CO2 / litre beer
Ø Ale : 2.0 litres CO2 / litre beer
ØWeizen : 3.0 litres CO2 / litre beer
ØThe solubility of CO2 depends on beer temperature :-
ØCold beer :
ØCO2 is easier to dissolve in the first place
ØCO2 stays in solution better
ØWarm beer :
ØCO2 struggles to dissolve in the first place
ØCO2 wants to escape from solution
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Equipment : How do I use it ?
CO2 in your beer in litres of CO2 per litre of beer
TEMP 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2
(deg C)
0.0 11 24 37 50 63 76 89 102
1.0 16 29 43 56 70 83 97 110
2.0 20 34 48 62 76 90 104 118
4.0 30 45 60 75 89 104 119 134
5.0 35 50 66 81 96 111 126 141
6.0 40 56 71 87 103 118 134 149
8.0 50 67 83 100 116 133 149 166
10.0 60 78 95 113 130 147 165 182
15.0 87 107 126 146 165 185 204 224
20.0 115 137 159 180 202 224 245 267
Pressure values are in kPa (100 kPa = 1 Bar ~ 14.8 psi)
Ø CO2 in the BEER & the HEADSPACE always strive to achieve equilibrium
Ø For highly accurate carbonation & dispensing use the equilibrium data below
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Equipment : How do I use it ?In operation,draft systems must be used in equilibrium and be pressure balanced
ØTo ensure carbonation levels don’t change over time, use the equilibrium data values !
ØTo avoid foaming : Avoid beer stone & leaks.ØAlso, lower carbonation levels are generally less problematic (e.g. try 2 rather than 3 l/l)
ØYou must account for pressure loss in your system :-
ØPressure restriction during flow :-
Ø 4/16 inch ID pipes : 22 kPa pressure drop / metre of pipe length
Ø 3/16 inch ID pipes : 66 kPa pressure drop / metre of pipe length
ØPressure loss due to height :-
Ø 11 kPa pressure drop per vertical metre that keg is above tap
ØE.g. : Keg stored in a fridge at 8°C to dispense an ale at 2.0 litres CO2 / litre beerwould need a keg pressure of 67 kPa. Therefore, to avoid dispensing foam, you would
need 3 metres of 4/16 inch pipe or 1 metre of 3/16 pipe.
ØE.g. Tap is 1 m above the keg : Keep the 67 kPa & remove ½ metre of 4/16 pipe.
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Equipment : How do I use it ?
Filtration
DestinationKeg
SourceKeg
Filter Gas bottle
Filter
Cartridge
Equipment
in steriliser
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3. Suppliers & Costs
Draft Beer at Home !Draft Beer at Home !
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Suppliers & CostsØYour best local source of draft equipment is
Bevan at Draft Craft :
http://www.c9.co.za/dc/index.html
Ø He deals with pub & restaurant installationsand specialises in homebrewers requirements
Zymurgy, Vol. 22, No. 1
R200Cooling Coil :
R40 / monthGas bottle - hire :
R1000 – R2000Setup costs :
R120Gas bottle - refill :
R120 – R370Tap :
R7 / metrePiping :
R300 – R650Regulator :
R30 - R62 @Disconnects etc :
R220 – R560Keg :
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4. Resources : Where to get more info
Draft Beer at Home !Draft Beer at Home !
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Resources : Where to get more info
Wort Hog Members who currently do draft :-
Jeremy, Moritz, Llewellyn, Ant, Donald, Bob, Arrie, Andy,Danie & Coenraad, Mike H., Willem , Roelf and probably afew more !
Web resources :-The Brewery : http://hbd.org/brewery/index.html
BT’s Library : http://brewingtechniques.com/library/index.html
John Palmer’s Site : http://realbeer.com/jjpalmer/brewing.html
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Remember, whatever else you’ve heard :
“The convenience and control“The convenience and control
afforded by a draft system farafforded by a draft system far
outweighs the cost”outweighs the cost”
Honest !Honest !
AND IN CONCLUSION !!
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