vi
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................ i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN................................................................................. iii
PRAKATA....................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................ x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN.................................................................................... xii
INTISARI......................................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN................................................................................ 1
1.1. Latar Belakang........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Rumusan masalah ................................................................................... 3
1.3. Tujuan penelitian .................................................................................... 3
1.3.1. Tujuan Umum ...................................................................................... 3
1.3.2. Tujuan Khusus...................................................................................... 3
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................. 4
1.4.1. Manfaat Teoritis ................................................................................... 4
1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis .................................................................................... 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA...................................................................... 5
2.1. MDA (Malondialdehyde) ....................................................................... 5
2.1.1. Definisi ................................................................................................. 5
2.1.2. Proses Terbentuknya Malondialdehyde (MDA) .................................. 5
2.1.3. Malondialdehyde (MDA) Sebagai Penanda Stres Oksidatif................ 6
2.1.4. Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar MDA................................ 7
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2.1.5. Teknik Pemeriksaan Malondialdehyde (MDA) ................................... 9
2.2. Bekatul .................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1. Definisi Bekatul.................................................................................... 9
2.2.2. Fungsi Bekatul Sebagai Antioksidan ................................................... 10
2.3. Pengaruh Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) terhadap Kadar MDA ......... 11
2.4. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Bekatul Terhadap Kadar MDA pada
Tikus yang diinduksi MSG..................................................................... 12
2.5. Kerangka Teori ....................................................................................... 15
2.6. Kerangka Konsep.................................................................................... 15
2.7. Hipotesis ................................................................................................. 15
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN................................................................... 16
3.1 Jenis Penelitian dan Rancangan Penelitian............................................. 16
3.2 Variable dan Definisi Operasional.......................................................... 16
3.2.1 Variabel Penelitian ............................................................................... 16
3.2.2 Definisi Operasional............................................................................... 16
3.3 Populasi dan Sampel............................................................................... 17
3.3.1. Populasi Penelitian ............................................................................... 17
3.3.2. Sampel Penelitian................................................................................. 17
3.4 Instrumen dan Bahan Penelitian ............................................................. 18
3.4.1. Instrumen Penelitian............................................................................. 18
3.4.2. Bahan Penelitian................................................................................... 19
3.5 Cara Penelitian........................................................................................ 20
3.5.1 Persiapan Penelitian ............................................................................. 20
3.5.2 Pelaksanaan Penelitian ......................................................................... 20
3.5.3 Pembuatan Ekstrak Bekatul ................................................................. 22
3.5.4 Cara Pemeriksaan MDA plasma darah ................................................ 22
3.6 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian................................................................. 23
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3.6.1. Tempat Penelitian................................................................................. 23
3.6.2. Waktu Penelitian .................................................................................. 23
3.7 Skema Kerja Penelitian........................................................................... 24
3.8 Analisis Hasil.......................................................................................... 25
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN................................. 26
4.1. Hasil Penelitian....................................................................................... 26
4.2. Pembahasan ............................................................................................ 31
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN........................................................... 34
5.1. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 34
5.2. Saran ....................................................................................................... 34
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 35
ix
DAFTAR SINGKATAN
AEERB : Aqueous Enzymatic Extract from Rice Bran
CAT : Catalase
DNA : Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
GPx : Glutathione peroxidase
GR : Glutathione reductase
GST : Glutathione transferase
MDA : Malondialdehyde
MSG : Monosodium Glutamat
O : Oxide
O2- : Radical superoxide
O2H : Perhydroxyl
OH : Hydroxyl
OH- : Radical hydroxile
PUFA : Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid
ROS : Reactive Oxygen Species
SOD : Superoxide dismutase
TBARS : Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance
WHO : World Health Organisation
LO2 : Radikal peroksil lipid
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1. Rerata berat badan dan kadar MDA pada tiap kelompok serta
hasil uji anova dan uji Kruskal Wallis........................................... 26
Tabel 4. 2. Hasil uji Mann Whitney................................................................. 28
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2. 1. Struktur Kimia Malondialdehyde ............................................. 5
Gambar 2. 2. Mekanisme peroksidasi PUFA................................................. 6
Gambar 2. 3. Reaksi pembentukan senyawa kompleks MDA-TBA
berwarna merah muda yang dapat diukur serapannya pada
panjang gelombang 520 nm...................................................... 9
Gambar 2. 4. Bagian-bagian Gabah ............................................................... 10
Gambar 3. 1. Skema Kerja Penelitian ............................................................ 24
Gambar 4.1. Rerata kadar MDA pada tiap kelompok................................... 30
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Hasil Penelitian......................................................................... 40
Lampiran 2. Hasil Olah data SPSS ............................................................... 41
Lampiran 3. Surat Keterangan Penelitian Laboratorium Kimia ................... 50
Lampiran 4. Surat Penelitian Laboratorium Penelitian dan PengujianTerpadu..................................................................................... 51
Lampiran 5. Ethical Clearance ..................................................................... 52
Lampiran 6. Foto Penelitian.......................................................................... 53