European Colonization and the Columbian Exchange
Compelling Question:
How did Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement lead to globalization that would change the world forever?
Supporting Questions
• What do we know about Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement in the New World?
• What is globalization and what did it look like in the 17th century?
• How did 17th century globalization affect Europe, Africa, and North America?
Notes: Colonization and Columbian Exchange
Map: 1763
Conquest of Central/South America
Mexico • 1521 Cortez attacked the
Aztecs with the help of other Native Americans.
• The Aztecs were defeated mainly because of smallpox
Peru
• 1530: Pizarro left Panama to conquer the Incas.
The Aztecs surrender to Cortex, The British Library
Colonial Latin America
• St. Augustine, FL (1565)
• Encomienda system – conquistadors received grants of a
number of Indians, from whom they could exact gold or labor.
– supposed to protect and Christianize the Indians, but effectively enslaved them.
• Mestizo culture combined indigenous and European worlds.
• Presidios – Forts built to protect Spanish outposts and colonies
• Mission System - established congregaciones in which natives would farm, live and worship like Catholic Europeans
Stand up – Hand up – Pair up
When I say “go,” you’ll stand up, put one hand in the air, and high-five the 1st person you see that isn’t your shoulder partner.
After high-fiving, say hello and find out their birthdate then wait for further instructions.
• Rally back and forth – person 1 starts (person 1 has the longest hair)
• Pick out 1 character in the image and describe what they might be saying.
• What images or symbols stick out to you?
• What is the artist’s message?
New France (continue notes)
• French missionaries tried to convert the Indians
• Hunters and trappers (coureurs de bois – “runners of the woods”)
• Friendly relations with the Indians as business partners
• Largely free of government control
New Netherlands
• New Amsterdam (NYC) became the center for trade. (Dutch West India Company)
• The Dutch and French became rivals in the fur trade. They established alliances with Native tribes, thus increasing warfare.
The English Colonies (much more on this later)
• English sought to establish colonies based on agriculture and religion
• Large numbers of men and women sent to acquire land and populate settlements
• Hostile relationships with American Indians.
Key Concepts/Definitions:
• Columbian Exchange: sharing of plants, animals, diseases, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
• Triangular Trade: trade between Africa, Europe and Americas of slaves, manufactured goods, and raw materials.
• New World: the Americas
• Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa
Quiz – Ch. 1
Columbian Exchange DBQ Stations
• You will rotate through 6 Stations
• After you complete your research, we will discuss the following:
• Positive and negative effects of the exchange between Europe and the New World.
• How culture in the Americas changed as a result of exploration.
Wrap Up
Compelling Question:
• How did Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement lead to globalization that would change the world forever?
Supporting Questions
• What do we know about Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement in the New World?
• What is globalization and what did it look like in the 17th century?
• How did 17th century globalization affect Europe, Africa, and North America?
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