7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
1/19
Materials and Programs for
Literacy Instruction
Chapter 6
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
2/19
Changes in Approaches
UP until mid-1980s, most children weretaught through basal readers
Holistic movement through the use ofchildrens literature
Currently use a balanced approach with
skills instruction and reading withliterature are integrated
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
3/19
Basal Approach
Series of readers, or anthologies, and supplementarymaterials that gradually increase in difficulty. Beginswith emergent literacy and extends through sixth-grade reading.
Todays basals have specific provision for below-average, average, and above-average achievers.
Are more language based, offer teachingsuggestions, big books, supplementary libraries,
read-aloud books, wide array of games andmanipulative, audiotapes, computer software,videodiscs, inservice programs, posters, charts,supplementary spelling and language books, end-of-the-unit tests, placement tests, observation guides,
portfolio systems, Web sites, and more
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
4/19
Basal Teachers Edition
Scope and sequence chart Reduced version of the students text
Lesson plans
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
5/19
Students Basal Text
Anthology of original contemporary andclassic stories, poems, news clips, and
expository text selections Comprehension questions Glossary of words
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
6/19
Anatomy of a Basal Reading Lesson
Activating prior knowledge Skill lessons Previewing and predicting Setting the purpose for reading Guiding the reading of the selection Confirm predictions
Comprehension discussion questions Skill instruction and practice Theme projects
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
7/19
Advantages to Basals
Convenient package of materials,techniques, and assessment devices.
Offer varied reading selections, anabundance of practice material, carefullyplanned units and lessons, and a wealth offollow-up and enrichment activities.
Sequenced from grade to grade, providingcontinuous reading instruction
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
8/19
Disadvantage to Basals
Core of the program is the anthology, workbook,and manual to provide a base of materials for all
students to move through. Question of pacing and time spent with aselection.
Basal selections are presented to the wholeclass. Selections may lack sufficient challenge forhigh achievers and will be too hard for thosereading below grade level.
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
9/19
Phonic-Linguistic Basals
Emphasis to reinforce phonic elements orlinguistic patterns.
Tightly controlled vocabulary and are usedprimarily for struggling readers. Selections are contrived so it is difficult to
use context clues.
Examples: Reading Mastery and MerrillLinguistic Readers
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
10/19
Literature-Based Approach
Teaching reading in which literaryselections are the major instructional
materials. Reading materials can be tailored to
students interests and needs.
Models: core literature, text sets, andthematic units.
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
11/19
Models
Core Literature: selected literature to beread as a whole class (e.g., Shilohor
Number the Stars). Text Sets: a series of related books tofoster making connections
Thematic Units: series of books organizedaround a central idea, topic, or focus.
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
12/19
Individualized Reading
Workshop Preparation: state-of-the-art class conference
and a minilesson to present a skill/strategylesson on predicting, inferences, context clues,
etc. Self-Selected Reading and Responding: approx.
30 min. silent reading and meet in literaturediscussion group, write in journal, work on an
extension activity Conferences: meet with teacher to discuss the
book through questioning (see pg. 464)
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
13/19
Language-Experience Approach
Students dictate a story based on anexperience they have had.
The teacher writes the dictated story. Through discussion, the teacher can help
students organize and reflect on their
experiences.
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
14/19
Language-Experience for ELL
Accept the childs language and show that it isvalued.
If the teacher edits it, it becomes the teacherslanguage, not the childs.
However, if mispronounced, the teacher shouldspell correctly.
As children grow in language, they will haveopportunities to develop fuller knowledge ofverbs, contractions, and pronunciation.
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
15/19
Reading Recovery
Designed to reduce reading failure in the1st grade for the lowest performing 20%
of students 1:1 intensive reading instruction for 30
min. per day
Engage in 5 activities
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
16/19
Reading Recovery Activities
Reread 2 familiar books Teacher takes a daily running record of oral
reading
Work with letters and words (magnetic letterson a cookie sheet)
Child dictates a sentence or two and teacher
helps to write a story Introduce new story discuss new vocabularyand sounding out words
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
17/19
Success for All
Total school reform grades K-3 Goal is to get all students reading at the
3rd grade Provides individual tutoring sessions Homogeneous groups for reading
90 min. reading block
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
18/19
Four Blocks
30 min. reading blocks Basal block
Writing block Working with words block Self-selected reading block
7/29/2019 Approaches to Teaching Reading
19/19
Early Steps
Early intervention program 1:1 intensive daily reading instruction
30 min. per day Reread familiar books Word sort activities (word families or rimes)
Child writes a sentence Introduction of a new book