ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS, CLASSIFICATION TERMS
AND PHYLA
Animal Characteristics
- 1,000,000 + have been discovered and identified and 1,000,000+ = Yet to be!
- Most = Invertebrates = 95% (Invertebrates vs. Vertebrates?)
- Found in all Ecosystems = Aquatic, Terrestrial, and Aerial
- All = Multicellular, Heterotrophic, and Eukaryotic Most = Motile (Motile vs. Sessile?)
- All = Store energy in the form of Glycogen
- All = Have cells that lack Cell Walls
- Most = Have specialized Tissue (ex. Nerve, Muscle, etc…)
- All = Reproduce Sexually and undergo Cleavage
Ectoderm (Skin, Hair, Nerve), Endoderm (Digestive Organs/Glands), Mesoderm (Muscle, Bone)
Animal Classification Terms/Splits
- Parazoa vs. Eumetazoa? Note: Parazoa = Asymmetrical
- Radiata vs. Bilateria? Note: Bilateria = Exhibit Cephalization
- Coelomate vs. Pseudocoelomate vs. Acoelomate?
- Protostome vs. Deuterostome?
Animal Phylogeny
Phylum Porifera = The “Pore Bearers”
Ex. Sponges
Phylum Cnidaria = The “Stinging Cells”
Ex. PMOW, Hydra, Jellyfish, Sea Anemones, Coral
Body Forms/Anatomy
5 Classes (3 Main Classes)
Hydra Feeding on Daphnia Video
http://www.dnatube.com/video/1448/Hydra-feeding-attached-to-a-daphnia
Reproduction
Hydra Jellyfish
Phylum Platyhelminthes = The “Flatworms”
Ex. Planaria, Flukes, Tapeworms
Planaria Liverfluke
Tapeworm
Planaria Anatomy
Fluke Anatomy and Life Cycle
Tapeworm Anatomy and Life Cycle
Scolex Proglottids
Phylum Nematoda = The “Roundworms”
Ex. Ascaris, Hookworms, Trichnella
Ascaris Hookworm
Trichnella
Phylum Annelida = The “Segmented” Worms
Ex. Earthworms, Sandworms, Leeches
Giant Earthworm Sandworm
Leeches
Earthworm Anatomy
Phylum Mollusca = The “Soft Bodied” Animals
Ex. Chitons, Slugs, Snails, Clams, Mussels, Oysters, Scallops, Squids, Octopuses, Nautiluses
Chiton
Slug Snail
Clams Oyster
Scallops
Squid Octopus
Nautilus
Trocophore Larvae
Three Part Body Plan
4 Main Classes
Radula Beak
Phylum Arthropoda = The “Jointed Foot” Animals
Ex. Trilobites
Spiders, Scorpians, Mites, Ticks, Horseshoe Crabs, Daddylong Legs
Millipedes, Centepedes, Insects
Crayfish, Lobsters, Crabs, Shrimp, Barnacles, Isopods, Copepods, Daphnia
Trilobite
Black Widow Brown Recluse
Scorpian
Mite Ticks
Horseshoe Crab Daddy Long Legs
Centipede vs. Millipede Insects
Crustaceans
Black Widow and Others – Check Out National Geographic Videos
Brown Recluse - http://www.brown-recluse.com/bitephotos.html
Phylum Echinodermata = The “Spiny Skinned” Animals
Sea Star, Brittle Star, Sea Urchin, Sea Lilly
Sea Star, Sand Dollar, Sea Cucumber, Sea Urchin
Sea Star Anatomy
Phylum Chordata
Tunicate = Sea Squirt Lancelet
Lamprey Lamprey
Sharks, Skate, Ray
Yellow Pearch Sea Horse
Frog, Toad, Salamander, Newt
Copperhead Timber Rattlesnake
Komodo Dragon Sea-Turtle
Owl Eagle Penguins
Duckbilled Platypus Kangaroo
Brown Bat
Chordate Characteristics