Age of Exploration
Obj: Identify Explorers and their
Motives
Team Portugal
Bartolomeu DiasFirst to sail around Cape of Good Hope (Southern tip of Africa)
Dias wanted to name the Cape “The Cape of Storms” because of the fierce storms that his ships encountered.
Ferdinand Magellan
First to circumnavigate (go around) the globe.
Vasco da GamaFirst to sail directly from
Europe to India (1497 - 1498)
Vasco da Gama’s landing at Calicut, India
Prince Henry the NavigatorPatron of explorers (like a Coach)
-Create navigation schools -Used new technology Ex: Magnetic Compass, Accurate Maps, Faster ships (caravel) -Pushed for explorationQ: Is there another modern or historical figure who pushed for new ideas?
Portuguese Empire
Team Spain
Christopher ColumbusSailed for SpainDiscovered the “New World”
(Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, etc.)
Enslaved native islanders, made them mine for gold
Hernando CortezConquered Mexico for Spain (defeating Aztecs)
Aztecs thought he was sent from the gods Brought horses+gunpowder He exploited this to force
Montezuma to surrenderEnslaved indigenous population
(local people)
Francisco PizarroConquered Incan Empire
Cortez and Pizarro’s men were Conquistadors (heavily armed Spanish warriors).
Conquistadors means “Conquerors”
Team England: Sir Francis Drake
First Englishman to circumnavigate the globe
Helped defeat Spanish Armada (1588)
Engaged in Piracy: Stole from the Spanish
Team France: Jacques Cartier
First to lay claims in CanadaSearching for North West
passage.
Motivations for Exploration 4ab
God: to spread (diffuse) Christianity
Religious groups (Puritans, Protestants, Catholics) come to New World
and convert indigenous (native) people to Christianity.
Gold (or anything valuable)Demand for gold, spices, and
natural resources in EuropeExample: Pepper cost $20.00 a pound.Do the Math: 50 ton ship x 2,000 x 20=
GloryPolitical / economic competition
TECHNOLOGY 4aInventions / innovations in
navigational arts from China, Ottomans, other countries
Prince Henry the Navigator combined all the new technology.Better ships (Caravel)Accurate maps Better Instruments (magnetic compass)
Exploration Impact: Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to conquer the Americas (4c)
Create a chart that looks like the following in your notes: Make the “R” row 5 spaces.
RR
AA
CC
EE
DD
Rigid class system and dictatorships in Latin America. Encomienda System=right of Spain to demand work/money from natives.
R:Spanish on Spanish on toptop
MestizosMestizos----part part Spanish, Spanish, part Native part Native AmericanAmerican
Native Native Americans, Americans, slaves on slaves on bottombottom
Africans brought to Americas as slaves
A: The cargo
hold of a slave ship was hot, cramped, and
putrid.
C: Colonies imitate culture and social
patterns of parent country. Ex: Language, Customs, traditions,
religion 1. Mexico=Catholic Religion because
Spain was Catholic 2. United States= English-heritage
because Great Britain created colonies.
3. Brazil=Portuguese Language
Europeans immigrate to Americas
E:They claim more land for their
country
Diseases kill Natives Americans
Demise of Aztec, Maya, and Inca Empires
D:
Small Pox
Impact on Africa (4c) Create trading posts along the coast that
trade in slaves and gold
Impact in Asia (4c) Colonization by small groups of merchants
(India, Japan, China) Influence of trading companies -Portuguese -British -Dutch
Where did they R.A.C.E.D to? (Use Map)Spain
North/South America, China, Japan, Philippians
PortugalBrazil, Coast of Africa, India, China, Japan
FranceQuebec (Eastern Canada), Western
America, India, Haiti, China England
Eastern America, India, Australia, South Africa, China, Japan
