Advanced GasificationMaximizing Resources : Minimizing Waste
SWANA Nova Scotia
15th May 2019
Pivotal IRM4464 Markham Street, Victoria, BC, V9Z 7X8
Email: [email protected]: 250.294.0390
www.pivotalirm.com
White Castle, Louisiana : ≈48 Tonnes/dayCommenced operations : 2014
"Advanced Gasification … converts waste into usable products athigh temperatures, without combustion or oxygen."
Community Waste Handling Example
Waste Gasification Outputs Usable resourceConversion
Landfill≈55%
Landfill≈55%
Before
Landfill≈10%
Landfill≈10%
After
≈90%
Div
ers
ion
≈90%
Div
ers
ion
≈45%
Div
ers
ion
≈45%
Div
ers
ion
Energy LoopEnergy Loop
ThermalOxidizer
ThermalOxidizerSyngasSyngas
Biochar,Char & Ash
Biochar,Char & Ash
PowerPower
DistrictHeating
DistrictHeating
DistrictCooling
DistrictCooling
DistilledWater
DistilledWater
FertilizerFertilizer
RecyclablesRecyclablesBlue BoxBlue Box
PowerUnit
PowerUnit
SewageSludge
SewageSludge
Sorting,Pre-Process
Sorting,Pre-Process
Kitchen, Yard& Garden
Kitchen, Yard& Garden
MSWMSW
WoodBiomass
WoodBiomass
OtherBiomass
OtherBiomass
AdvancedGasification
AdvancedGasification
Experience: very high rate of public acceptance
Solution : Advanced Gasification's Multi-Fuel, PolygenerationNova Scotia's Waste-to-Energy Direction
Diesel
Gasoline
Naphtha
Jet fuel
Synthetic fuels
Methanol
Hydrogen
Slash residualwood waste
Slash residualwood waste
Demolitionwood waste
Demolitionwood waste
Municipalsolid waste
Municipalsolid waste
BiosolidsBiosolids
Agricultural wasteAgricultural waste
F.O.G. & othercarbonic waste
F.O.G. & othercarbonic waste
Coal, oil etc.Coal, oil etc.
Sewage sludgeSewage sludge
AdvancedGasification
AdvancedGasification
Heating,Cooling
Heating,Cooling
ElectricityElectricity
RNG/SNGRNG/SNG
WaterWater
BiocharBiochar
TraditionalDiversion
AdvancedGasification
MSW Diversion Comparison
63%Reused/
recycled
37%Landfilled
Max. 97%Reused/
recycled
3%Landfilled
Blue Box Re-use Recycle Landfill
Solution : Advanced Gasification's Multi-Fuel, PolygenerationNova Scotia's Waste-to-Energy Direction
Type Tonnes %
Dry
Tonnes %
Fibre 38,528 13.6% 25,043 16.3%
Organics 68,627 24.1% 24,019 15.6%
Plastics 59,258 20.9% 53,333 34.7%
Textiles 25,170 8.9% 14,095 9.2%
C&D 26,824 9.4% 10,730 7.0%
SCW 26,854 9.4% 10,742 7.0%
Other 38,910 13.7% 15,564 10.1%
284,172 153,526
GuysboroughKaizer MeadowCumberlandColchesterOtter LakeQueensWest Hants
Water :≈130,000 tonnes
≈46% of measured waste
W2E : Not the Only Consideration
Source: http://www.b-t-einc.com/municipal-waste-to-energy.htm
Technology ≈mWe to gridMass burn (incineration) 600 kWh / tonne MSWPyrolysis 629 kWh / tonne MSWPyrolysis/gasification 755 kWh / tonne MSWConventional gasification 755 kWh / tonne MSWRotoGasifier 755 kWh / tonne MSWPlasma arc gasification 899 kWh / tonne MSWFluidized bed 1,170 kWh / tonne MSW
Unlikely to generate char
W2E : RNG/SNG ChallengeRising Demand : Questionable Focus
Fluidized Bed AG
Existing plant
Operating since 2014
Actual $$$, scaled
Anaerobic digestion
Planned project
Based on actual plant
Winning bid $$$, scaled
RotoGasifier AG
Planned project
Guaranteed contract
Contractor $$$, scaled
LouisianaGothenburg #1
CRD/Hartland
BUT: Only ≈15% of waste volume suitable for RNG in Nova ScotiaBUT: Only ≈15% of waste volume suitable for RNG in Nova Scotia
Total life cycle cost, 25 yrs, 2018 $$
-C$456m
-C$245m
C$87m
-C$500m -C$400m -C$300m -C$200m -C$100m C$0m C$100m C$200m
Anaerobic Digester
Fluidized Bed
Roto Gasifier
Total life cycle GHG reduction, CO2e
22,442 tCO2e
22,442 tCO2e
92,872 tCO2e
0 tCO2e 25,000 tCO2e 50,000 tCO2e 75,000 tCO2e 100,000 tCO2e
Anaerobic Digester
Fluidized Bed
Roto Gasifier
RNG/SNG : Life Cycle Comparison, ≈300GJ RNG Plant
Preliminary estimate based on BC model & analysis. Actual results will vary by application and province.
Plant & Development History
Example: Güssing Austria
Problems ►Solution : Advanced Gasification
50 years alongside the iron curtain to Hungary
Small structured agriculture, no industry
Poor transportation infrastructure
High unemployment rate : 70% commuters
High rate of migration : declining population
Benefit
Project cost: ≈C$19.6m
Energy benefit
Before: -C$9.3m buying energy
After: +C$20.4m energy sales
Net difference: +C$29.7m
45% self sufficient on energy
If 100% self sufficiency: C$55.5m
BUT other benefits more valuable
More than 50 new companies
More than 1,500 new jobs netting C$13.5m a year
NB: Europe's far higher energy FIT• Lesson : Always do site-specific analysis Eco tourismEco tourismDemonstration plantsDemonstration plants
R&DR&D TrainingTraining
ServicesServicesEconomic spin-offEconomic spin-off
Waycross, Georgia – ≈1,000 tonnes/dayWorld's largest biomass pellet plantPyrolysis-phase project, operating since 2011
Waycross, Georgia – ≈1,000 tonnes/dayWorld's largest biomass pellet plantPyrolysis-phase project, operating since 2011
Demonstration unit, California ≈240kg/dayPhysically test & prove that wastes will work before major $$$ commitment
Demonstration unit, California ≈240kg/dayPhysically test & prove that wastes will work before major $$$ commitment
The Potential : Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia tonnage/yr, wet 284,172 tonnes
Dry @ ≈54% 153,453 tonnes
Gasification suitable, @ max 87% 133,504 tonnes
Char suitable 86,778 tonnes
Electrical Thermal Char
Yield per annum 100,796 mwh 431,218 mwh 26,033 tonnes
Face generating capacity 11.5mw 49.2mw
Estimates based on available information.
Louisiana Gasifier in operationLouisiana Gasifier in operation
Note : small plant sizeNote : small plant size
Landfill GHG CurveAnnual methane emissions, by year of waste deposition in the landfill
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 100 103 106 109 112 115 118 121 124 127 130 133 136 139 142 145 148
E.g., this is the methane emitted each year from the decomposition of the waste deposited in 2044 (25th year of the project)
Summary
Technology
Fluidized Bed – typically ≈4.6mwt/tonne• Mainly biofuel projects
Roto-Gasifier - typically ≈3.23mwt/tonne• Flexible feedstocks, highly scalable
Both near-silent, no odour; emissions ≈natural gas
Implementation steps
Initial evaluation & estimate
Test & prove feedstocks and operation
Contract, guarantee & implement
Procurement
Currently the largest challenge
44 tonnes/day
240kg/day
Major partners & contributors to developing Advanced Gasification
Management & Strategic Partners
Main strategic partners
TSI Corp., West Biofuels & Pivotal IRM
University of California at San Diego & Davis
Technical University of Vienna
Plus: European experience, plants & partners
Woodland, CaliforniaGüssing, Austria
Fluidized Bed CircleDraft
20m20m
3sto
reys