16 Tenses ANd Example. Positive Negative Introgative
16 Tenses
1. PRESENT TENSE
a. Simple Present Tense
Formula :
+ } S + V1 + O/C
- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example :
+ } Sisca Reads book everyday
- } Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } does Sisca Read book everyday
· Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)
· For I, We, You, They = do
· He, She, It = Does
Example Sentence :
(+) She is a new people here.
(-) She isn’t a new people here.
(?) Is she a new people here?
b. Present Continuous Tense
Formula :
+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >> + } They are playing badminton now
- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >> – } They are not playing badminton now
? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >> ? } Are they playing badminton now ?
· Yes They are / no they are not
· For I = am
· They, we, you = are
· He, She, It = Is
Example Sentence :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
c. Present Perfect Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb+main verb
Example :
(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome.
(?) have you finished?
d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula :
(+) : S + have/has + been + Ving
(-) : S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?) : Have/has + S + been + Ving
Example :
(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
2. PAST TENSE
a. Simple Past Tense
Formula :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
Example :
+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} Were we at school yesterday ?
· For I, He, She, It = Was
· They, we, you = were
Example Sentence :
(+) I saw a good film last night
(-) I saw not a good film last night
(?) Saw I a good film last night
b. Past Continuous Tense
Formula :
(+) : S + was/were + Ving
(-) : S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?) : Was/Were + S + Ving
Example :
(+) They were talking about sport when I met him.
(-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him.
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him.
c. Past Perfect Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
(+) : S + had + V3
(-) : S + had + not + V3
(?) : Had + S + V3
Example :
(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Example :
(+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) When they washed my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton
(?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?
3. FUTURE TENSE
a. Simple Future Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb
Example :
(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b. Future Continuous Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Example :
(+) I will be writing a comic.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
c. Future Perfect Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
Example :
(+) You will have forgotten me by then.
(-) We will not have left.
(?) Will they have received it?
d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Example :
(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
(-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
4. PAST FUTURE TENSE
a. Past Future Tense
Formula :
(+) : S + would + V1
(-) : S + would + not + V1
(?) : Would + S + V1
Example :
(+) They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) They wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?
b. Past Future Continuous Tense
Formula :
(+) : S + would + be + Ving
(-) : S + would + not + be + Ving
(?) : Would + S + be + Ving
Example :
(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?
c. Past Future Perfect Tense
Formula :
(+) : S + would + have + V3
(-) : S + would + not + have + V3
(?) : Would + S + have + V3
Example :
(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.
(-) He wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling
(?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?
d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula :
(+) : S + would + have + been + Ving
(-) : S + would + not + have + been + Ving
(?) : Would + S + have + been + Ving
Example :
(+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years
(-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year
(?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?
RUMUS-RUMUS PASSIVE VOICE 16 TENSES (NEGATIVE SENTENCE)
Rumus Umum : TO BE + V3
1. Simple Present Tense
Aktif : S + do/does + not + V1
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : She doesn't write the book
Pasif : The book isn't written by her
Aktif : I don't wash the car
Pasif : The car isn't washed by me
2. Present Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V1-ing
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She isn't reading the book
Pasif : The book isn't being read by her
3. Present Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + have/has + not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She hasn't written the book
Pasif : The book hasn't been written by her
Aktif : I haven't written the book
Pasif : The book hasn't been written by me
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + have/has + not + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She hasn't been reading the book
Pasif : The book hasn't been being read by her
Aktif : I haven't been washing the car
Pasif : The car hasn't been being washed by me
5. Simple Past Tense
Aktif : S + did + not + V1
Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She didn't write a letter
Pasif : A letter wasn't written by her
6. Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wasn't washing the car
Pasif : The car wasn't being washed by her
7. Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + had + not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She hadn't washed the car
Pasif : The car hadn't been washed by her
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + had + not + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + had + not + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : She hadn't been washing the car
Pasif : The car hadn't been being washed by her
9. Simple Future Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + V1 + O
Pasif : S + will + not + be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won't wash the car
Pasif : The car won't be washed by her
10. Future Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + not + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won'tl be washing the car
Pasif : The car won't be being washed by her
11. Future Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won't have washed the car
Pasif : The car won't have been washed by her
12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won't have been washing the car
Pasif : The car won't have been being washed by her
13. Si mple Future Past Tense
Aktif : S + would +not + V1
Pasif : S + would + not + be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't wash the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't be washed by her
14. Future Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + not + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would + not + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't be washing the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't be being washed by her
15. Future Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + would + not + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + would + not + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't have washed the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't have been washed by her
16. Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + not + have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would + not + have + been +being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't have been washing the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't have been being washed by her
CARA BELAJAR 16 TENSES (VERBAL & NOMINAL SENTENCES) DAN CARA MEMBUATKALIMAT PASSIVE
CARA BELAJAR 16 TENSES DENGAN CEPAT
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS
1
Present
Simple Present Tense
(+) S+V1+O+A.
(-) S + don’t +V1+O+ A.
doesn’t
(?) Do +S+V1+O+A?
Does
2 Present Continuous Tense
(+) S+ am + Ving +O+A.
are
is
(-) S+am +not+ Ving+O+A.
are
is
(?)Am +S + Ving+O+A?
Are
Is
3
Present
Present Perfect Tense
(+) S+have+V3+O+A.
has
(-)S+have+not+V3+O+A.
has
(?)Have+S+V3+O+A?
Has
4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
(+) S+have+been+Ving+O+A.
has
(-)S+have+not+been+Ving+O+A.
has
(?)Have+S+been+Ving+O+A?
Has
v Untuk menempatkan V3/Past Participle pada Tenses Perfect, anda harus menghapal Irregular Verbs dan Regular Verbs.
v Untuk mempermudah anda mengetahui Irregular Verbs dibagian akhir terdapat daftar Irregular Verbs yang sering kita gunakan sehari-hari.
v Untuk memperlancar penggunaan Tenses diatas, buatlah kalimat yangmenggambarkan Tenses diatas, baik Positive, Negative, atau Interrogative.
v Konsultasikan dengan guru anda hasil kalimat yang sudah anda buat!
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS
5
Past
Simple Past Tense
(+) S + V2 + O + A.
(-) S + didn’t + V1 + O + A.
(?) Did + S + V1 + O + A?
6 Past Continuous Tense (+) S + was + Ving + O + A.
were
(-) S + was +not+ Ving + O + A.
were
(?) Was +S + Ving +O+A?
Were
7
Past
Past Perfect Tense
(+) S + had + V3 + O + A.
(-)S + hadn’t + V3 + O + A.
(?)Had+S+V3+O+A?
8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(+) S+ had + been + Ving + O+A.
(-)S+ hadn’t + been +Ving+O+A.
(?)Had + S + been + Ving + O+A?
v The Simple Past digunakan untuk membicarakan kegiatan atau situasi yang mulai dan berakhir diwaktu lampau.
v Gunakan keterangan waktu: yesterday, last night, two days ago, in2005, last week, long ago, last year, etc.
v Dalam Past Continuous Tense/Past Progressive Tense sering digunakan kata : While dan When.
v While diikuti oleh Continuous/progressive sedangkan when diikuti oleh Past Tense.
Contoh: - While I was doing my home work, he came.
- I was doing my home work when he came.
v The Past Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menerangkan aktivitas yangterjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di waktu lampau.
v Dalam The Past perfect sering menggunakan kata “Already” contoh: I was not hungry at 08:00 p.m. I had already eaten.
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS
9
Future
Future Tense
(+) S + will + V1 + O + A.
(-) S + won’t + V1 + O + A.
(?) Will + S + V1 + O + A?
10 Future Continuous Tense
(+) S + will + be + Ving + O + A.
(-) S + won’t + be + Ving+O+A.
(?) Will + S + be + Ving+ O + A?
11
Future
Future Perfect Tense
(+) S + will + have + V3 +O+ A.
(-) S + won’t +have +V3+O+A.
(?) Will + S +have+ V3 + O + A?
12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
(+) S+will+have+been+Ving+O+A
(-)S+won’t+have+been+Ving+O+A
(?) Will+S+have+been+Ving+O+A?
v Gunakan Future Tense untuk menerangkan kegiatan yang akan terjadi/akan dilaksanakan.
v Biasanya digunakan untuk merencanakan kegiatan atau aktivitas yang akan dilaksanakan pada waktu yang akan datang.
v Keterangan waktunya: tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next month, nextyear, etc.
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS
13
Past Future
Past Future Tense
(+) S + would + V1 + O + A.
(-) S + wouldn’t + V1 + O + A.
(?) Would + S + V1 + O + A?
14 Past Future Continuous Tense
(+) S + would + be + Ving +O+ A.
(-) S +wouldn’t +be +Ving +O+A.
(?) Would + S+be + Ving+ O + A?
15
Past Future
Past Future Perfect Tense
(+) S + would + have +V3 +O+ A.
(-) S +wouldn’t+have +V3 +O+A.
(?) Would +S+have+ V3 + O+ A?
16 Past Future Perfect ContinuousTense
(+) S+would+have+been+Ving+O+A
(-)S+wouldn’t+have+been+Ving+O+A
(?) Would+S+have+been+Ving+O+A?
v Berlatihlah membuat kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.
v Biasakan bercakap sesuai kaidah Tenses yang sudah anda pelajari.
v Konsultasikan dengan guru anda dalam berlatih membuat contoh kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.
v Setelah anda berlatih membuat kalimat pendek, kemudian anda berlatih membuat Teks yang sedang dan telah anda pelajari dari guru anda. Contoh: Narrative Texts; anda menggunakan Past Tense untuk membuat Narrative Texts.
v Selamat belajar, good luck!
MERUBAH KALIMAT AKTIF MENJADI KALIMAT PASIF DALAM 16 TENSES
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF
1
Present
Simple Present Tense
- I watch TV every day
- She writes a story every month
2 Present Continuous Tense
- I am watching TV now
- Father is painting the house
3
Present
Present Perfect Tense
- I have watched TV since 2 hours ago
- Mother has cooked fried chicken since this morning
4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- I have been watching TV since you came here
- The doctors have been reading those books since at 8
o’clock a.m
v Ingat perubahan kata kerja irregular verbs menggunakan verbs ke tiga/past participle semua.
v Ingat regular verbs hanya tinggal menambahkan kata: ed/d semuanya.
v Bila anda menghadapi continuous maka anda harus menggunakan kata:being setelah to be
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF
5
Past
Simple Past Tense
- I watched TV yesterday
- She wrote a story last month
6 Past Continuous Tense
- I was watching TV yesterday
- She was writing a story when I called
7
Past
Past Perfect Tense
- I had written a letter to her before You came here
- Nila had bought an apple when you bought this pen
8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
- I had been writing a letter to her before You came here
- Nila had been buying an apple when you bought this pen
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF
9
Future
Future Tense
- They will play foot ball tomorrow
- He will invite me at his birthday party next week
10 Future Continuous Tense
- They will be playing foot ball tomorrow
- He will be inviting me at hisbirthday party next week
11
Future
Future Perfect Tense
- We will have drunk this coffee by seven o’clock tomorrow
- I will have written a letter to her by six o’ clock tomorrow.
12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- We will have been drinking this coffee by seven o’clock tomorrow
- I will have been writing letter to her by six o’ clock tomorrow.
NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF
13
Past Future
Past Future Tense
- Agnes would sing this song if I came here
- I would write a letter to her tomorrow if she forgave me.
14 Past Future - Agnes would be singing this song
Continuous Tense
if I came here
- I would be writing a letter her tomorrow if she forgave me.
15
Past Future
Past Future Perfect Tense
- Agnes would have sung this songif I came here
- I would have written a letter to her tomorrow if she forgaveme.
16Past Future Perfect ContinuousTense
- Agnes would have been singing this song if I came here
- I would have been writing a letter to her tomorrow if she forgaveme.
v Berlatihlah membuat kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.
v Biasakan bercakap sesuai kaidah Tenses yang sudah anda pelajari.
v Konsultasikan dengan guru anda dalam berlatih membuat contoh kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.
v Setelah anda berlatih membuat kalimat pendek, kemudian anda berlatih membuat Teks yang sedang dan telah anda pelajari dari guru anda. Contoh: Narrative Texts; anda menggunakan Past Tense untuk membuat Narrative Texts.
v Selamat belajar, good luck!
ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICEPengertianActive voice adalah kalimat yang pokok kalimatnya melakukan suatu pekerjaan.
Misal : He buys a book (active)Passive Voice adalah kalimat yang pokok kalimatnya dikenai pekerjaan.Misal : A book is bought by Him(pasif)Dalam hal ini formula umumnya sbb:TOBE + VERB III ( Past Participle) Perlu Di INGAT Bro n’ Sis !!@ OBJECT kalimat aktif menjadi SUBJECT kalimat pasif@ SUBJECT kalimat aktif menjadi OBJECT kalimat pasif@ Kalimat pasif harus mengikuti TENSE seperti kalimat aktifContoh :Tom beats the cat(subjek + Verb I + Objek) —Aktif(Simple Present)The cat is beaten by Tom(subjek + to be + Verb III + by + objek)—-PasifBerikut Beberapa Bentuk Tenses Pasif :1.Simple PresentFormula : Subjek +To be( is,am,are) + Verb III + By + ObjekSampel : – She Calls me (aktif)– I am called by her (Pasif)2.Present ContinousFormula : Subjek + To be(Is,am,are) + Being + Verb III + By + ObjekLina is writing a letter now (aktif)A letter is being written by her now (pasif)3.Present PerfectFormula : Subjek + Has/Have + Been + Verb III + By + ObjekHe has given me a book (aktif)A book has been given to me/by me (pasif)4.Simple FutureFormula : Subjek + Will + Be + Verb III + By + ObjekI will invite them to my party next Sunday (aktif)They will be invited by me next Sunday (pasif)5.Present Future ContinousFormula : Subjek + Will + Be + Being + Verb III + By + ObjekSuka will be palying tennis (aktif)Tennis will be being played By Suka (pasif)6.Simple PastFormula : Subjek + Was/Were + Verb III + By + ObjekShe bought a book yesterday (aktif)A book was bought by her yesterday (pasif)