6 Tenses ANd Example. Positive Negative Introgative 16 Tenses

16 Tenses ANd Example. Positive Negative Introgative

16 Tenses

1. PRESENT TENSE

a. Simple Present Tense

Formula :

+ } S + V1 + O/C

- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C

? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C

Example :

+ } Sisca Reads book everyday

- } Sisca does not Read book everyday

? } does Sisca Read book everyday

·      Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)

·      For I, We, You, They = do

·      He, She, It = Does

Example Sentence :

(+) She is a new people here.

 (-) She isn’t a new people here.

 (?) Is she a new people here?

b. Present Continuous Tense

Formula :

+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C            >>           + } They are playing badminton now

- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C   >>           – } They are not playing badminton now

? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C            >>           ? } Are they playing badminton now ?

·      Yes They are / no they are not

·      For I = am

·      They, we, you = are

·      He, She, It = Is

Example Sentence :

(+) He is playing badminton now

(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.

(?) Is he playing badminton now.

c. Present Perfect Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb+main verb

Example :

(+) you have eaten mine.

(-) she has not been to Rome.

(?) have you finished?

d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + have/has + been + Ving

(-) : S + have/has + not + been + Ving

(?) : Have/has + S + been + Ving

Example :

(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.

 (-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.

 (?) Has she been going to Malang ?

2. PAST TENSE

a. Simple Past Tense

Formula :

+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C

-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C

?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C

Example :

+} We were at school yesterday

-} We were not at school yesterday

?} Were we at school yesterday ?

·      For I, He, She, It = Was

·      They, we, you = were

Example Sentence :

(+) I saw a good film last night

 (-) I saw not a good film last night

 (?) Saw I a good film last night

b. Past Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + was/were + Ving

(-) : S + was/were + NOT + Ving

(?) : Was/Were + S + Ving

Example :

 (+) They were talking about sport when I met him.

 (-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him.

 (?) Were they talking about sport when I met him.

c. Past Perfect Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb

(+) : S + had + V3

(-) : S + had + not + V3

(?) : Had + S + V3

Example :

(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle

 (-) When my brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle

 (?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?

d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Example :

 (+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton

 (-) When they washed my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton

 (?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?

3. FUTURE TENSE

a. Simple Future Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb

Example :

 (+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.

(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.

(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?

b. Future Continuous Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Example :

(+) I will be writing a comic.

 (-) I will not writing a comic.

 (?) Will I be writing a comic ?

c. Future Perfect Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb

Example :

 (+) You will have forgotten me by then.

 (-) We will not have left.

 (?) Will they have received it?

d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Example :

(+) I will have been reading a news paper.

 (-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.

 (?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?

4. PAST FUTURE TENSE

a. Past Future Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + V1

(-) : S + would + not + V1

(?) :  Would + S + V1

Example :

 (+) They would buy a home the previous day.

 (-) They wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.

 (?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?

b. Past Future Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + be + Ving

(-) : S + would + not + be + Ving

(?) : Would + S + be + Ving

Example :

(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.

 (-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.

 (?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?

c. Past Future Perfect Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + have + V3

(-) : S + would + not + have + V3

(?) : Would + S + have + V3

Example :

(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.

 (-) He wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling

 (?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?

d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + have + been + Ving

(-) : S + would + not + have + been + Ving

(?) : Would + S + have + been + Ving

Example :

 (+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years

 (-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year

 (?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?

RUMUS-RUMUS PASSIVE VOICE 16 TENSES (NEGATIVE SENTENCE)

Rumus Umum : TO BE + V3

1.       Simple Present Tense

Aktif : S + do/does + not + V1

Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O

Contoh:

Aktif : She doesn't write the book

Pasif : The book isn't written by her

Aktif : I don't wash the car

Pasif : The car isn't washed by me

2.       Present Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) +  not + V1-ing

Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She isn't reading the book

Pasif : The book isn't being read by her

3.       Present Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + have/has + not + V3 + O

Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She hasn't written the book

Pasif : The book hasn't been written by her

Aktif : I haven't written the book

Pasif : The book hasn't been written by me

4.       Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + have/has + not + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She hasn't been reading the book

Pasif : The book hasn't been being read by her

Aktif : I haven't been washing the car

Pasif : The car hasn't been being washed by me

5.       Simple Past Tense

Aktif : S + did + not + V1

Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She didn't write a letter

Pasif : A letter wasn't written by her

6.       Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wasn't washing the car

Pasif : The car wasn't being washed by her

7.       Past Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + had + not + V3 + O

Pasif : S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She hadn't washed the car

Pasif : The car hadn't been washed by her

8.       Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + had + not + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + had + not + been + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh:

Aktif : She hadn't been washing the car

Pasif : The car hadn't been being washed  by her

9.       Simple Future Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + V1 + O

Pasif : S + will + not + be + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't wash the car

Pasif : The car won't be washed by her

10.   Future Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + be + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + will + not + be + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won'tl be washing the car

Pasif : The car won't be being washed by her

11.   Future Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + have + V3 + O

Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't have washed the car

Pasif : The car won't have been washed by her

12.   Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + have + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't have been washing the car

Pasif : The car won't have been being washed by her

13.   Si mple Future Past Tense

Aktif : S + would +not +  V1

Pasif : S + would + not + be + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't wash the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't be washed by her

14.   Future Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + would + not + be + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + would + not + be + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't be washing the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't be being washed by her

15.   Future Past Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + would + not + have + V3 + O

Pasif : S + would + not + have + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't have washed the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't have been washed by her

16.   Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + would + not + have + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + would + not + have + been +being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't have been washing the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't have been being washed by her

CARA BELAJAR 16 TENSES (VERBAL & NOMINAL SENTENCES) DAN CARA MEMBUATKALIMAT PASSIVE

CARA BELAJAR 16 TENSES DENGAN CEPAT

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS

1

Present

Simple Present Tense

(+) S+V1+O+A.

(-) S +  don’t  +V1+O+ A.

         doesn’t

(?) Do    +S+V1+O+A?

     Does

2 Present Continuous Tense

(+) S+ am + Ving +O+A.

          are

           is

(-) S+am +not+ Ving+O+A.

         are

         is

(?)Am +S + Ving+O+A?

    Are

    Is

3

Present

Present Perfect Tense

(+) S+have+V3+O+A.

         has

(-)S+have+not+V3+O+A.

         has

(?)Have+S+V3+O+A?

    Has

4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) S+have+been+Ving+O+A.

         has

(-)S+have+not+been+Ving+O+A.

         has

(?)Have+S+been+Ving+O+A?

    Has

v  Untuk menempatkan V3/Past Participle pada Tenses Perfect, anda harus menghapal Irregular Verbs dan Regular Verbs.

v  Untuk mempermudah anda mengetahui Irregular Verbs dibagian akhir terdapat daftar Irregular Verbs yang sering kita gunakan sehari-hari.

v  Untuk memperlancar penggunaan Tenses diatas, buatlah kalimat yangmenggambarkan Tenses diatas, baik Positive, Negative, atau Interrogative.

v  Konsultasikan dengan guru anda hasil kalimat yang sudah anda buat!

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS

5

Past 

Simple Past Tense

(+) S + V2 + O + A.

(-) S +  didn’t  + V1 + O + A.

(?) Did + S + V1 + O + A?

6 Past Continuous Tense (+) S + was  + Ving + O + A.

          were

(-) S + was   +not+ Ving + O + A.

         were

(?) Was   +S + Ving +O+A?

     Were

7

Past 

Past  Perfect Tense

(+) S + had + V3 + O + A.

(-)S + hadn’t + V3 + O + A.

(?)Had+S+V3+O+A?

8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) S+ had + been + Ving + O+A.

(-)S+ hadn’t + been +Ving+O+A.

(?)Had + S + been + Ving + O+A?

v  The Simple Past digunakan untuk membicarakan kegiatan atau situasi yang mulai dan berakhir diwaktu lampau.

v  Gunakan keterangan waktu: yesterday, last night, two days ago, in2005, last week, long ago, last year, etc.

v  Dalam Past Continuous Tense/Past Progressive Tense sering digunakan kata : While dan When.

v  While diikuti oleh Continuous/progressive sedangkan when diikuti oleh Past Tense.

Contoh: - While I was doing my home work, he came.

-  I was doing my home work when he came.

v  The Past Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menerangkan aktivitas yangterjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di waktu lampau.

v  Dalam The Past perfect sering menggunakan kata “Already” contoh: I was not hungry at 08:00 p.m. I had already eaten.

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS

9

Future 

Future Tense

(+) S + will + V1 + O + A.

(-) S +  won’t  + V1 + O + A.

(?) Will + S + V1 + O + A?

10 Future Continuous Tense

(+) S + will + be + Ving + O + A.

(-) S + won’t  + be + Ving+O+A.

(?) Will + S + be + Ving+ O + A?

11

Future 

Future Perfect Tense

(+) S + will + have + V3 +O+ A.

(-) S +  won’t  +have +V3+O+A.

(?) Will + S +have+ V3 + O + A?

12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) S+will+have+been+Ving+O+A

(-)S+won’t+have+been+Ving+O+A

(?) Will+S+have+been+Ving+O+A?

v  Gunakan Future Tense untuk menerangkan kegiatan yang akan terjadi/akan dilaksanakan.

v  Biasanya digunakan untuk merencanakan kegiatan atau aktivitas yang akan dilaksanakan pada waktu yang akan datang.

v  Keterangan waktunya: tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next month, nextyear, etc.

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES RUMUS

13

Past Future

Past Future Tense

(+) S + would + V1 + O + A.

(-) S +  wouldn’t  + V1 + O + A.

(?) Would + S + V1 + O + A?

14 Past Future Continuous Tense

(+) S + would + be + Ving +O+ A.

(-) S +wouldn’t +be +Ving +O+A.

(?) Would + S+be + Ving+ O + A?

15

Past Future

Past Future Perfect Tense

(+) S + would + have +V3 +O+ A.

(-) S +wouldn’t+have +V3 +O+A.

(?) Would +S+have+ V3 + O+ A?

16 Past Future Perfect ContinuousTense

(+) S+would+have+been+Ving+O+A

(-)S+wouldn’t+have+been+Ving+O+A

(?) Would+S+have+been+Ving+O+A?

v  Berlatihlah membuat kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.

v  Biasakan bercakap sesuai kaidah Tenses yang sudah anda pelajari.

v  Konsultasikan dengan guru anda dalam berlatih membuat contoh kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.

v  Setelah anda berlatih membuat kalimat pendek, kemudian anda berlatih membuat Teks yang sedang dan telah anda pelajari dari guru anda. Contoh: Narrative Texts; anda menggunakan Past Tense untuk membuat Narrative Texts.

v  Selamat belajar, good luck!

MERUBAH KALIMAT AKTIF MENJADI KALIMAT PASIF DALAM 16 TENSES

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF

1

Present

Simple Present Tense

-      I watch TV every day

-      She writes a story every month

2 Present Continuous Tense

-      I am watching TV now

-      Father is painting the house

3

Present

Present Perfect Tense

-      I have watched TV since 2 hours ago

-      Mother has cooked fried chicken since this morning

4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense

-      I have been watching TV since you came here

-      The doctors have been reading those books since at 8

o’clock a.m

v  Ingat perubahan kata kerja irregular verbs menggunakan verbs ke tiga/past participle semua.

v  Ingat regular verbs hanya tinggal menambahkan kata: ed/d semuanya.

v  Bila anda menghadapi continuous maka anda harus menggunakan kata:being setelah to be

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF

5

Past 

Simple Past Tense

-      I watched TV yesterday

-      She wrote  a story last month

6 Past Continuous Tense

-      I was watching TV yesterday

-      She was writing  a story when I called

7

Past 

Past  Perfect Tense

-      I had written a letter  to her before You came here

-      Nila had bought an apple when you bought this pen

8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense

-      I had been writing a letter   to her before You came here

-      Nila had been buying an apple when you bought this pen

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF

9

Future 

Future Tense

-      They will play foot ball tomorrow

-      He will invite me at his birthday party next week

10 Future Continuous Tense

-      They will be playing foot ball tomorrow

-      He will be inviting me at hisbirthday party next week

11

Future 

Future Perfect Tense

-      We will have drunk this coffee by seven o’clock tomorrow

-       I will have  written a letter   to her by six o’ clock tomorrow.

12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense

-      We will have been drinking  this coffee by seven o’clock tomorrow

-       I will have  been writing letter   to her by six o’ clock tomorrow.

NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF

13

Past Future

Past Future Tense

-      Agnes would sing this song if I came here

-      I would write a letter   to her tomorrow if she forgave me.

14 Past Future -      Agnes would be singing this song

Continuous Tense

if I came here

-      I would be writing a letter her tomorrow if she forgave me.

15

Past Future

Past Future Perfect Tense

-      Agnes would have  sung this songif I came here

-      I would have written a letter   to her tomorrow if she forgaveme.

16Past Future Perfect ContinuousTense

-      Agnes would have  been singing this song if I came here

-      I would have been writing a letter   to her tomorrow if she forgaveme.

v  Berlatihlah membuat kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.

v  Biasakan bercakap sesuai kaidah Tenses yang sudah anda pelajari.

v  Konsultasikan dengan guru anda dalam berlatih membuat contoh kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses.

v  Setelah anda berlatih membuat kalimat pendek, kemudian anda berlatih membuat Teks yang sedang dan telah anda pelajari dari guru anda. Contoh: Narrative Texts; anda menggunakan Past Tense untuk membuat Narrative Texts.

v  Selamat belajar, good luck!

ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICEPengertianActive voice adalah kalimat yang pokok kalimatnya melakukan suatu pekerjaan.

Misal : He buys a book (active)Passive Voice adalah kalimat yang pokok kalimatnya dikenai pekerjaan.Misal : A book is bought by Him(pasif)Dalam hal ini formula umumnya sbb:TOBE + VERB III ( Past Participle) Perlu Di INGAT Bro n’ Sis !!@ OBJECT kalimat aktif menjadi SUBJECT kalimat pasif@ SUBJECT kalimat aktif menjadi OBJECT kalimat pasif@ Kalimat pasif harus mengikuti TENSE seperti kalimat aktifContoh :Tom beats the cat(subjek + Verb I + Objek) —Aktif(Simple Present)The cat is beaten by Tom(subjek + to be + Verb III + by + objek)—-PasifBerikut Beberapa Bentuk Tenses Pasif :1.Simple PresentFormula : Subjek +To be( is,am,are) + Verb III + By + ObjekSampel : – She Calls me (aktif)– I am called by her (Pasif)2.Present ContinousFormula : Subjek + To be(Is,am,are) + Being + Verb III + By + ObjekLina is writing a letter now (aktif)A letter is being written by her now (pasif)3.Present PerfectFormula : Subjek + Has/Have + Been + Verb III + By + ObjekHe has given me a book (aktif)A book has been given to me/by me (pasif)4.Simple FutureFormula : Subjek + Will + Be + Verb III + By + ObjekI will invite them to my party next Sunday (aktif)They will be invited by me next Sunday (pasif)5.Present Future ContinousFormula : Subjek + Will + Be + Being + Verb III + By + ObjekSuka will be palying tennis (aktif)Tennis will be being played By Suka (pasif)6.Simple PastFormula : Subjek + Was/Were + Verb III + By + ObjekShe bought a book yesterday (aktif)A book was bought by her yesterday (pasif)

7.Past ContinousFormula : Subjek + Was/Were + Being + Verb III + By + ObjekShe was typing her reports when I came in (aktif)Her reports were being typed by her when I came in (pasif)