964 860overview Principles of Conservation Tourism
Donruetai Kovathanakul, Ph.D.Tourism Mgt Dept.,
Faculty of Management Sciences, Khon Kaen University
ทำ��คว�มตกลงเก� ยวก�บเง� อนไขก�ร เร�ยน ร�ยง�นและเง� อนไขร�ยว�ช�
Course Syllabus
ก�รว�งแผนพั�ฒน�โดยใช!แนวค�ดก�รทำ"องเทำ� ยว เช�งอน#ร�กษ์%ทำ� เร�ยนม� แนวค�ดหล�กม�อะไรบ!�ง
ส�ม�รถน��ว�ช�ทำ� เร�ยนทำ�)งหมดในภ�คก�รศึ,กษ์�ทำ� ผ"�นม�ประย#กต%เป.นภ�พัรวมได!
1 กล#"ม 2 คน 15 น�ทำ� Share idea ตรวจสอบ
Pre Test
Nature Culture Cultural Landscape
Charters & Laws History Project Feasibility Stakeholders Government Policy Contemporary Issues Planning – destination, spatial
strategies, Interpretation Green / Conservation
Business Development Marketing Risk management Standard Assessment Best Practice
overview
ความหมายและลกษณะของทรัพยากรัท�องเท��ยว
ล�กษ์ณะของทำร�พัย�กรทำ"องเทำ� ยว
1. คว�มด,งด1ดใจ(Attraction)1.คว�มง�มต�มธรรมช�ต�2.เหต#ก�รณ%ส��ค�ญเฉพั�ะก�ล
2. คว�มส�ม�รถในก�รเข!� ถ,งง"�ย
(Accessibility)3. คว�มประทำ�บใจ
(Amenity)มห�ว�ทำย�ล�ยส#โขทำ�ยธร
รม�ธ�ร�ช
5 A แบบ 1 ส��หร�บทำทำ. ช#มชน โดยมรภ.เพัชรบ#ร�
1. Attitude2. Access3. Accommodation4. Attractions5. Advertising6 A แบบทำ� 2 update
**1.Access2.Attractions3.Activities4.Accommodation5.Amenities6. Ancillary Service
6 A แบบทำ� 11. Attitude2. Access3. Accommodation4. Attractions5. Advertising6. Ancillary Service
Destination
ACCESS
ATTRACTIONS
ACTIVITIES
ACCOMMODATION
ANCILLARY SERVICES
AMENITIES
Visitor demand and marketing activity Converting resources into attractions Accommodation and transport Relationship to sustainable development Tourism trends and the destination lifecycle
Booth, 2008
Destinations
Access Various types All types important to a destination Generally need most of them at a
destination to make it easier to reach Can therefore make it a more popular
destination
Major form of access especially to a foreign destination
Airports needs to be close to destination Facilitate domestic and international
tourists ‘Hub’ = major airport (Heathrow) ‘Spoke’ = regional airport, has regular
flights to and from ‘hub’ e.g. Manchester
Air
For domestic and international Domestic – travel via car, motorbike, coach International – transfers via taxi, coach, car
rental, public transport
Roads
Access to destination via water Ferries – passengers and cars Cruise ships – passengers
Ports
Domestic and international Can be used for day-trips, travel between
major cities Holiday in itself – long distances within one
country or across several countries
RAIL
Access affects those less-able bodied Adaptation of transport for disabled people Adaptation of destination for disabled
people◦ Beach, hotels, parking etc
Disability
Important as gives direction to destination and attractions and facilities
Road signs – for attractions and facilities
Pedestrian signs – for attractions or walking routes
Signage
Think! Name a major access example for each
within Thailand :◦ Air (not Suvarnabhumi !)◦ Road◦ Port◦ Rail
Attractions “generally single units, individual sites or
very small, easily delimited geographical areas based on a single key feature”
(Swarbrooke, 2002) ‘Pull’ factor for a destination Can be the deciding factor in a holiday
choice
Natural AttractionsScenery, nature, views
Type of natural attraction
Beaches •‘Sunlust’ tourist; 3S•Beautiful view, location•Soft sand, clear water•Safe environment for families
Flora and fauna(Plants and animals)
•Appreciation of F&F at destination•Birds or species-watching•See F&F in natural environment
Lakes •Beautiful scenery•Water-based activities: sailing, canoeing, fishing
Mountains •Unique environment•Extreme sports activities: climbing, skiing, walking
Rivers •Water-based holidays: cruises, boating•Water-based activities: water-skiing, fishing
Topography •‘The shape of composition of the landscape’ (Dale, 2005)•Natural scenery can be the attraction•Aesthetic beauty•Escapism•Generally protected areas e.g. National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)
Built/Man-made Attractions
Built and adapted for visitor purposes Built and designed for visitor purposes
Built attractions adapted for visitor purposes Not originally designed for visitors But major tourist attractions
◦ Historical or cultural significance Examples
◦ Castles (Windsor Castle)◦ Cathedrals (Canterbury Cathedral)◦ Historic houses (Anne Frank)◦ Steam railways◦ Workplaces (old factories etc)
Purpose-built/attractions designed for visitor purposes Supplement main attraction Built to attract more tourists to an area = ↑
in pull factor Some destinations have no natural
attractions so are built to entice tourists Examples
◦ Galleries, Museums, Theatres◦ Theme Parks, Water Parks, Wildlife Parks, Zoos◦ Leisure Centres◦ Shopping Malls◦ Visitor Centres
Temporary Attractions Festivals or events at a particular time of
the year Can be natural or man-made Natural
◦ Northern Lights, Norway Man-made
◦ Sports events: Olympics, World Cup, Grand Prix◦ Music Festivals: Glastonbury, Mardi Gras◦ Cultural Festivals: Oktoberfest, Seafood & Wine
etc
Why have temporary attractions?
Accommodation Hotels Apartments, villas, cottages Guesthouses B&B Farmhouses Campus accommodation Youth hostel Camp sites Timeshare
Star Rating Hotel
•Courteous staff provide informal but competent service•Most rooms en-suite•Designated eating area (B&D)
•All rooms en-suite (private facilities)•Restaurant or dining room serves B&D daily
•Staff = smart and professional•All rooms en-suite•Restaurant open to guests and non-guests
AA (Automobile Association) Accommodation Grading Standards
Star rating Hotel
Professional, uniformed staff responds to needsDecent sized public areaRestaurant open to guests and non-guestsLunch available in designated area
Luxurious accommodationLuxurious public areaExtra facilitiesMultilingual servicesGuests greeted at hotel entranceHigh quality menu and wine list
AA (Automobile Association) Accommodation Grading Standards
Activities Many available at a destination Tourists will participate in different activities
according to their needs Destinations must provide ones that suit the
type of tourist visiting Two types:
◦ Active◦ Passive
Active
Some accommodation provides these activities◦ Water sports, golf, walking etc
Private companies run active organised activities
Appealing to active tourists Generally younger tourist and those more
able-bodied
Passive Can be provided by accommodation – on-
site activities◦ Bingo, quizzes, shows, reading books
Suitable for tourist who want to relax (R&R) Generally older tourists, less mobile
Amenities Extra services Meets needs of tourist Government needs to provide these to
permanent and temporary populations Number will depend on size of destination Some only found in peak season
Amenities Examples:
◦ Public toilets◦ Signage◦ Retail shopping◦ Restaurant and cafes◦ Visitor centres◦ Telecommunications◦ Emergency services
Ancillary Services Additional, supplementary services Provides support needed by tourism
industry Helps with the ‘multiplier effect’
◦ More money generated and distributed Public and private organisations Bigger the destination, more ancillary
services
Ancillary Services Examples:
◦ Car hire◦ Catering companies◦ Entertainment: bars, nightclubs, casinos◦ Foreign exchange services◦ Insurance◦ Laundry services◦ Tourism marketing services
เหม�อนหร�อแตกต"�งก�นอย"�งไร
Sustainable / Green / Conservation / Eco
ต"อยอด เพั� มค"� ห�จ#ดต"�ง
Thesis แผนพั�ฒน�ก�รทำ"องเทำ� ยวเช�งสร!�งสรรค% ของกล#"มช�ต�พั�นธ#%
จ�งหว�ดนครพันม / น�งส�วอ�ทำ�ตย�พัร อร#ณ พั�พั�ฒน%พังศึ% 2554
Creative Tourism