1 1 Sustainable Tourism & Biodiversity Conservation The Uttarakhand Experience The Uttarakhand Experience Rajiv Bhartari , Chief Conservator of Forests Ecotourism Rajiv Bhartari , Chief Conservator of Forests Ecotourism Ex Director, Corbett Tiger Reserve ; Ex Board of Directors, The Ex Director, Corbett Tiger Reserve ; Ex Board of Directors, The International International Ecotourism Society Ecotourism Society
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Sustainable Tourism & Biodiversity Conservation
The Uttarakhand ExperienceThe Uttarakhand Experience
Rajiv Bhartari , Chief Conservator of Forests EcotourismRajiv Bhartari , Chief Conservator of Forests Ecotourism
Ex Director, Corbett Tiger Reserve ; Ex Board of Directors, TheEx Director, Corbett Tiger Reserve ; Ex Board of Directors, The International International Ecotourism Society Ecotourism Society
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Sustainable Development of TourismSustainable Development of TourismConceptual Definition (WTO, 2004) Conceptual Definition (WTO, 2004)
Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic and socioeconomic and socio--cultural aspects of tourism cultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established development, and a suitable balance must be established between these three dimensions to guarantee its longbetween these three dimensions to guarantee its long--term sustainability.term sustainability.
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Sustainable Development of TourismSustainable Development of TourismConceptual Definition (WTO, 2004) Conceptual Definition (WTO, 2004)
�� Make optimal use of environmental resources that constitute a kMake optimal use of environmental resources that constitute a key ey element in tourism development, maintaining essential ecologicalelement in tourism development, maintaining essential ecologicalprocesses and helping to conserve natural heritage and biodiversprocesses and helping to conserve natural heritage and biodiversity.ity.
�� Respect the socioRespect the socio--cultural authenticity of host communities, conserve cultural authenticity of host communities, conserve their built and living cultural heritage and traditional values,their built and living cultural heritage and traditional values,and and contribute to intercontribute to inter--cultural understanding and tolerance.cultural understanding and tolerance.
�� Ensure viable, longEnsure viable, long--term economic operations, providing socioterm economic operations, providing socio--economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributeeconomic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed, d, including stable employment and incomeincluding stable employment and income--earning opportunities and earning opportunities and social services to host communities, and contributing to povertysocial services to host communities, and contributing to povertyalleviationalleviation. .
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PA Network of UttarakhandPA Network of Uttarakhand
Protected Areas of UttarakhandProtected Areas of UttarakhandTourist Arrival & Revenue Receipts (April 2011Tourist Arrival & Revenue Receipts (April 2011–– March 2012)March 2012)
Protected Area Year Area(Sq. km)
Indian Foreigner Total Revenue(Rs in lakhs)
Corbett NP 1936 520.84 202528 7734 210262 719.38
Rajaji NP 1983 820.42 19268 1793 21061 52.42
Gangotri NP 1989 2390.00 13675 1692 15367 38.15
Valley of Flowers NP 1983 87.00 6328 527 6855 11.39
Nanda Devi NP 1983 630.00 55 8 63 .13
Govind NP/WLS 1990 472.08 2172 125 2297 4.88
Binsar WLS 1988 45.59 17343 432 17775 37.57
Sonanadi WLS 1987 301.76 16323 788 17111 29.41
Kedarnath WLS 1972 957.00 701 102 803 1.31
278393 13201 291594 894.64
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�� Established on 8Established on 8thth August 1936 First NP of August 1936 First NP of South AsiaSouth Asia
�� Highest Density of TigersHighest Density of Tigers
�� One of the three populations of GharialOne of the three populations of Gharial
�� Resurgent population of Hog deerResurgent population of Hog deer
�� Over 580 species and sub species of birds Over 580 species and sub species of birds including 49 species of diurnal raptorsincluding 49 species of diurnal raptors
Corbett National Park Corbett National Park
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Corbett Tiger ReserveCorbett Tiger Reserve
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MCP=410 km2
Corbett Tiger Reserve
Sampled Sampled AreaArea
Number ofNumber of
tigerstigersPopulation Population EstimateEstimate
�� Past Tourism Practices & TraditionsPast Tourism Practices & Traditions
�� Competition from PAs in other countriesCompetition from PAs in other countries1919
Ecotourism Ecotourism –– Opportunity & ThreatOpportunity & ThreatDepends on how we plan and Depends on how we plan and
manage.manage.�� ““ Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conservesEcotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conservesthe the
environment and sustains the well being of local people (TIES).environment and sustains the well being of local people (TIES).
�� Goal conservationGoal conservation
�� Authentic natural and cultural experiencesAuthentic natural and cultural experiences
�� Demands KnowledgeDemands Knowledge
�� Participation and local benefitsParticipation and local benefits
�� Ecotourism is a potentially effective strategy for biodiversity Ecotourism is a potentially effective strategy for biodiversity conservation.conservation.
�� Jobs and increased incomeJobs and increased income
�� Awareness understanding and public supportAwareness understanding and public support
�� SkillsSkills
�� Revenues for PAs & Govt.Revenues for PAs & Govt.
2020
ECOTOURISM WINGECOTOURISM WINGStrategies and ActivitiesStrategies and Activities
�� Partnership with Arch i to produce a series of 4 experimental Partnership with Arch i to produce a series of 4 experimental maps maps
�� Destinations that have some semblance of ecotourism Destinations that have some semblance of ecotourism
�� Variety of scales Variety of scales
-- Village levelVillage level
-- PA levelPA level
-- State levelState level
-- Landscape levelLandscape level
�� Interpretative publications, based on research, exploring Interpretative publications, based on research, exploring frontiers of designfrontiers of design
�� Help from Google maps, information fed on Google Earth Help from Google maps, information fed on Google Earth Maps Maps 2222
I Chhoti Haldwani Heritage MapI Chhoti Haldwani Heritage Map
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CHHM Release FunctionCHHM Release Function1616thth Dec 2010Dec 2010