WORD-FORMATION 1 Affixation = adding an affix either before or after a word. 1.1 Prefixation = adding a prefix before the element to which it is added PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLE PRIJEVOD ORIGIN a(n)- without, lacking anaerobic anaeroban Gr a- = without + Gr aer = air → without air atrophy atrofija Gr a- = without + Gr trophe = nourishment → without nourishment = without growth ab- away from abduction abdukcija, odmicanje L ab = away from + L ducere = to lead→ lead away from ad- toward adduction adukcija, primicanje L ad = toward(s) + L ducere = to lead → lead toward(s) adipo- fat, lard adipocyte adipocit, masna stanica Gr lipos = fat, grease + Gr kytos = a hollow (šupljina) = masna stanica ambi- both ambidextrous ambidekster, koji je jednako spretan s obje ruke L ambi = both + L dexter = on the right-hand side → right-handed on both sides equally skilful with both hands
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WORD-FORMATION 1 Affixation before after 1.1 Prefixation ... · PDF file1.1 Prefixation = adding a prefix before the element to which it is added ... 1.2 Suffixation = adding a suffix
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WORD-FORMATION
1 Affixation = adding an affix either before or after a word.
1.1 Prefixation
= adding a prefix before the element to which it is added
PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLE PRIJEVOD ORIGIN
a(n)- without,
lacking
anaerobic anaeroban Gr a- = without + Gr aer = air → without air
atrophy atrofija Gr a- = without + Gr trophe = nourishment →
without nourishment = without growth
ab- away from abduction abdukcija,
odmicanje
L ab = away from + L ducere = to lead→
lead away from
ad- toward adduction adukcija,
primicanje
L ad = toward(s) + L ducere = to lead →
lead toward(s)
adipo- fat, lard adipocyte adipocit, masna
stanica
Gr lipos = fat, grease + Gr kytos = a hollow
(šupljina) = masna stanica
ambi- both ambidextrous
ambidekster, koji
je jednako spretan
s obje ruke
L ambi = both + L dexter = on the right-hand
side → right-handed on both sides equally
skilful with both hands
ante- before;
in front of anteflexion
antefleksija,
savijanje prema
naprijed;
svinutost prema
naprijed
L ante- = before ≈ forwards + L flectere = to
bend → bend forwards
anti-
against,
opposite of,
opposed to
anti-
inflammatory protuupalni
Gr anti- = against + L inflammare = to set on
fire → against being set on fire
bi- two bilateral
bilateralan,
obostran,
koji je s obje
strane ili se na
njih odnosi
L bi- = two + L lateralis = belonging to the
side > L latus = side → having two sides
bio- life biomechanics biomehanika
Gr bios = life + Gr mēkhanḗ = machine, tool
→ 'living machines' the study of forces on
the living body
circum- around circumference opseg; periferija
L circum = oko, okolo, doslovno u krugu + Gr
“periphereia “periphery, the line round a
circular body,” literally a carrying round” (Harper, D. (2017). Online etymology dictionary. Retrieved 26 March 2017 from http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=circumference)
com- /
con-
with,
together,
in
association
complex kompleksan,
složen
L com- = with, together + L plectere = to
weave, to twine, to braid → to
weave/twine/braid together
concentric
koncentričan,
koji ima
zajedničko
središte
L com- = with, together + L centrum = centre
→ having a common centre
counter- in opposition
to
counter-
attack
protunavala,
protunapad
L contra = opposite to, contrary to
cutaneo- skin cutaneous kožni, koji se
odnosi na kožu
L cutis = skin
di- two dioxide dioksid
Gr di- = two + Fr oxygène (coined in 1777 by Antoine-
Laurent Lavoisier) < Gr oxys = sharp, acid (At that time
oxygen was believed to be essential in the formation of acids. Nowadays
it is known that this is not so.) → two oxygen atoms
an oxide containing two oxygen atoms
dia-1
completely,
thoroughly,
entirely
diagnosis
dijagnoza,
„prepoznavanje
bolesti
razlikovanjem
jedne bolesti od
druge“ (Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža
(2016). Hrvatska enciklopedija. Mrežno
izdanje. Retrieved 26 March 2017 from
http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.a
spx?ID=15085)
Gr dia = completely, thoroughly + Gr gnosis
= knowledge → complete knowledge / Gr
dia- = apart + Gr gignoskein = to learn →
learn by discerning / learn thoroughly
dia-2
across,
through
diameter
promjer
Gr dia- = across, through + Gr metron =
measure → measure through something
diagonal
dijagonala;
dijagonalan
Gr dia- = across, through + Gr gonia = angle
→ across/through something from one angle
to another
dis-1
lack of
disability
nemogućnost,
invaliditet
L dis- = lack of + L abilitas → lack of ability
dis-2
doing the
opposite of disallow
poništiti
dis-3 away dissolve
rastopiti
L dis- = away + L solvere = to loosen
dorsi- back dorsiflexion
dorsifleksija,
savijanje
unatrag/prema
natrag
L dorsum = back + L flectere = bend, curve
→ bend backwards/towards the back
“flexion in a dorsal direction; especially : flexion of the foot
in an upward direction” (Merriam-Webster, Inc. (2017). Retrieved 26