Womenempowerment 140722133130-phpapp02

Mr. Sourav MankotiaMechanical EngineeringIV SemesterCCET Sec-26

WelcomeIt is my greatest pleasure to welcome one and all present here to view my PPT presentation on

“WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN INDIA”

Women Empowerment

• Women Empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual, political, social, educational, gender, or economic strength of individuals and communities of women.

• Women’s empowerment in India is heavily dependent on many different variables that include geographical location (urban/rural), educational status, social status (caste and class), and age.

• The main problems that were faced by women in past days (and still today up to some extent):

• Gender discrimination

• Woman education

• Female infanticide

• Dowry

• Marriage in same caste and child marriage(still existing)

• Atrocities on Women: Raped, kicked, killed, subdued & humiliated almost daily.

NEED FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMNENT:IN NOWADAYS WOMEN ARE DEPRIVED OF:

Decision making power Freedom of movement Access to education

Access to Employment Exposure to media Domestic Violence

Decision making power : Among those who have earnings, more women (1 in 5) than men (1 in 18) do not have a major say in how their own earnings are used and fewer women (about 7 in 10) than men (about 9 in 10 men) have a major say in how their spouses' earnings are used.

Women who earn about the same as their husbands are more likely to have a major say in the use of their husbands’ earnings than both women who earn less than their husbands and who earn more than their husbands.

And due to gender discrimination in some areas of India women is not able to give there opinions, can’t be able to make their own decision of their life.

Freedom of Movement :• Women’s freedom of movement is severely curtailed: only one in three are allowed to go alone to the market, the health center, and outside the community.

• Women are the other face of goddess and it also looks like similar that in temple there is a statue which does not move from its place and in home the women can’t go easily any where they want.

• But nowadays Nari-shakti is getting stronger, they are equally participating with men in every field.

Access to Education :•Children’s school attendance Only two-thirds of girls and three-fourths of boys age 6-17 years are attending school. The sex ratio of children attending school is 889 girls per 1,000 boys.•Literacy and educational attainment among adults Forty-one percent of women age 15-49 have never been to school. Educational attainment remains very low: even among the 20-29 age group, only 27% of women have 10 or more years of education. The percentage of ever-married women with 10 or more years of education has risen very slowly from 11% in NFHS-1 to 17% in NFHS-3.

Access to Employment : Women age 15-49 are about half as likely as men in the same age group to be employed: 43% vs. 87%. The relationship of employment and wealth for women suggests that, for many women, employment is largely a result of economic necessity. Even with controls for education, age, and wealth, marriage is negatively associated with a woman’s likelihood of being employed and is positively associated with a man’s likelihood of being employed. Most employed women work for someone else, away from home, and continuously throughout the year; about one in three women do not receive monetary compensation for their work or receive at least part of their payment in kind. Most employed women work in agriculture; only 7% work in professional, technical, or managerial occupations.

Exposure to Media :• Women have lower access to media than men in every age group.• About 71 per cent of women are exposed to media as compared to 88 % in case of men.• 29% of women do not have access to media regularly. Since it is an important source of empowerment, greater proportion of women without having access to media reflects the relatively disadvantageous position of women in relation to men with regards to empowerment.• The growing access of the web in the late 20th century, has allowed women to empower themselves by using various tools on the Internet. With the introduction of the World Wide Web, women have begun to use social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter to start online activism.• On May 29, 2013, an online campaign started by 100 female advocates forced the leading social networking website, Facebook, to take down various pages that spread hatred about women.

Domestic Violence :• About two in five currently married women age 15-49 have experienced spousal violence in their current marriage, and among women who have ever experienced such violence, more than two in three have experienced violence in the past year.Recent experience of spousal violence varies little by marital duration, but, as expected, ever experience of spousal violence increases with marital duration.Higher education and wealth consistently lower women’s risk of spousal violence; and husbands’ consumption of alcohol and having a mother who was beaten by her spouse significantly increase the risk.Although women who agree that wife beating is justified have a higher prevalence of violence, one out of three women who do not agree that wife beating is justified have also experienced violence.

WAYS TO EMPOWER WOMEN:

• Changes in women's mobility and social interaction;

• Changes in women's labor patterns;

• Changes in women's access to and control over resources; and

• Changes in women's control over decision-making.

WAYS TO EMPOWER WOMEN:

• Providing education

• Self employment and Self help groups

• Providing minimum needs like nutrition, health, sanitation, housing

• Other than this, society should change the mentality towards the word “women”.

• Encouraging women to develop in their fields they are good at and make a career.

A video to change the mentality towards the woman….

Role of NGO’s•Non-governmental organizations are playing a significant role in the empowerment of disadvantages women.

•Just a few years after Independence, the Government set up the Central Social Welfare Board, an apex body of the voluntary sector that aids more than 10,000 NGOs across the country, helping women stand on their own through such programme as socio-economic programme, vocational training and other similar programmes.

Women Empowerment Programmes

• Swayamsidha

• Swa-Shakti Project

• Support to Training and employment programme for Women (STEP)

• Swadhar

• Creches/ Day care Centers for the Children of working and Ailing Mothers

• Hostels for working women

• Rashtriya Mahila kosh (RMK)

Swayamsidha: ( Indira Mahila yojna)

• It is an integrated project for the development and empowerment of women through Self Help Groups (SHGs) with emphasis on covering service, developing access to micro-enterprises.

• About 10 lakh women have taken membership.

Swam-Shakti Project:

• Earlier known as the Rural Women’s Development and Empowerment Project, was sanctioned in October 1998 as centrally sponsored scheme to be implemented in the states of Bihar, Chattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh.

Support to Training and employment

Programme for Women (STEP):

• The program seeks to provide updated skills and

new knowledge to poor asset less women in eight

traditional sectors of employment, agriculture,

animal husbandry, dairying, fisheries, handlooms,

handcrafts, Khadi and Village industry and

sericulture.

Swadhar:

This scheme was launched in 2001-2002 as a central sector scheme for providing holistic and integrated services to women in difficult circumstances.

NATIONAL POLICY FOR THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN (2001)

The goal - of this Policy is to bring about the advancement, development and empowerment of women.

Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK):

• Also known as the National Credit Fund for Women was set up as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 on March 30, 1993.

• Credit support or micro-finance to poor women to start income generating activities such as in - Dairy , Agriculture ,Shop-keeping ,Vending and Handicrafts.

In 2003-04, an amount of Rs.25 crore was sanctioned through RMK benefiting about 32,765 women.

• Each year around the world, International

Women's Day (IWD) is celebrated on March 8.

• Thousands of events occur not just on this day

but throughout March to mark the economic,

political and social achievements of women.

CONCLUSION

• Women represent half the world’s population,

and gender inequality exists in every nation

on the planet.

• Until women are given the same opportunities

that men are, entire societies will be destined

to perform below their true potentials .

• The greatest need of the hour is change of

social attitude to women.

Positive Stories…

The Lijjat Papad story

• Seven illiterate and poor women borrowed Rs 80 to start a

papad business in 1959

• Its turnover from Rs 6,196 in the first year went upto Rs

300 crore in the next four decades

• 42,000 women on its revolutionary march

• Jaywantiben Popat, one of the women involved with this

phenomenal spirit, was honoured at the ET Awards for her

outstanding achievements.

SEWA (Self-Employed Women's Association)

• Started as a trade union, registered in 1972, founded by Ela Bhat,

• Organisation of self-employed women workers who earn a living through their own labour or small businesses.

• SEWA's membership, which is a nominal Rs. 5 a year, includes women from a cross-section of society — from vegetable and fruit hawkers to home-based weavers, potters and manual labourers.

• Year Number of Members

• 1973 320

• 2002 17,50,000

“EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN NOT JUST A GOAL IN ITSELF, BUT KEY TO ALL GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS”