What’s Inside?
Dec 30, 2015
What’s Inside?
The Earth’s Core – Almost as hot as the surface of the sun (due to radioactive decay) Escape of this inner heat drives geological activity on the planet.
• Inner Core
• Under immense pressure
• Solid metal mostly iron and nickel
• Very high density 13.5 g/ml • Outer Core
• 2270 km thick
• Liquid metal
• Responsible for Earth’s magnetic field
The Mantle• Lower mantle
• Rocky layer
• Most of earth’s volume
• Upper Mantle
• Hot weak rock that is easily deformed
• 10% is molten
• Consists of the asthenosphere, lithosphere and crust
Asthenosphere: Capable of flow
Lithosphere: rigid solid plates
Oceanic Crust: 5-12 km thick, mostly basalt
Continental Crust: 35 km thick, mostly granite,
Oceanic crust is more dense than continental
Temperature on the surface of the sun ~ 5700˚C
How do we know about the earth’s inner structure?
• Drilling only explores into the top 10-15 km of the crust
• Seismic waves can probe 6400 km though
Examine the paths of earthquake data (the epicenter marks the location of an earthquake)
• State 3 things that you can tell by this diagram
Try to label:Convergent boundaryDivergent boundary(potential) Hawaii
PLATE BOUNDARIES1. Convergent Boundary
• Ocean – Continent• Ocean – Ocean• Continent – Continent
Continent – Continent convergence
Ocean – Continent Convergence
PLATE BOUNDARIES1. Convergent Boundary
• Ocean – Continent• Ocean – Ocean• Continent – Continent
Continent – Continent convergence
Ocean – Continent Convergence List examples of locations for each
2. Divergent Boundary
3. Transform Boundary
Where type of boundary is pictured?