Agenda
Planning The Issue Structure Information Listening
Selecting Participants
Invitation decisions often create a dilemma What criteria should we consider?
Expertise Motivation Politics Time Differences Potential disagreements Diversity Expense Resources
Issue identification:Three Types of Discussion Questions
Fact Value Policy
Fact
Definition Cause
Value
Policy
“Everybody lies, search the house.” – House M.D.
Structure
How much order? How much time? How many people? Emotion involvment? Nature of the task?
Order
Know your members. How detailed and organized do
instructions need to be for them to thrive?
How much autonomy do they need?
Recommendation: Book for understanding and implementing organizational tactics for freedom
Time
Use a calendar. Use doodle. Contact participants.
Find a length that gets the job done. Find a length that helps people
remember.
Size
Emotional Involvment
When its high: Longer Painful More conflict Need for references to policy
Task Dimensions Difficulty Solution multiplicity Intrinsic group interest Cooperation requirements Population interest
(Hirokawa, 1990)
Nature of the Task
Matching Leadership to Context*Solution multiplicity With fewer potential solutions a directive leader is best.
With many possible solutions a nondirective leader thrives. The less interesting the task the more control members ‘want.’
Finding Information
Primary Research Interviews Surveys Direct Observation
Secondary Research Library Electronic Search
Secondary Research
Where to begin?Literature Review
Question(s)DomainScope
Resources ex. Articles, film, text, sites.
Secondary Research Tools
Primary Research
Interviews Surveys Direct Observation Experiments
Fallacies Correlation does not imply causation.
Do Ice-cream Sales cause Pirate Attacks?
HARKing
Hypothesizing after the results are known.
“Texas Sharp Shooter Fallacy”
Overgeneralization
“Angry birds fly; therefore, all birds fly.” The darkest side of stereotyping.
=
Ooops…
Don’t Trust your Memory
Availability Bias Listen to this list and try to
remember everything you hear.
Electric Force Field Fence of Doom
Electric Force Field Fence of Doom
Group Competition: Get to the other side without touch or going under the fence.
If you touch the whole team goes back. (You must also recite the alphabet allowed in unison before starting again.)
First team to have all members on the ground on the greener side wins. Please shout ‘donzo.’
Group listening will be very important here.
"When people talk, listen completely. Most people never listen."
— Ernest Hemingway
Listening
Components of Listening Listening Problems Tips and Tricks
Components of the Listening Process
Sensing Attending Understanding Remembering
Listening Problems
Problems with Sensing Problems with Attending Selective Perception and Attending Poor Attending Habits Interference by Attitudes Low Intensity Messages Poor Length Difficulty Understanding Inability to Empathize Lack of feedback Mental Sets Poor Memory
Here are a few demonstrated.
Forgetting
(Adapted from Tony Buzan, 1983)
Listening Skills
Paraphrase Double-check Empathize Practice
Extra Credit Opportunity 1pt
Create a MS Word document of an agenda (red) for one of your group meetings and include notes on what actually happened (blue).
Identify the type of meeting (1) and the parent format (2) of the agenda you used.
▪ When complete, save your document to your Gmail account and mark the document as public or viewable by link.
▪ Paste this link in the Facebook group to achieve your point.
"No man ever listened himself out of a job."
— Calvin Coolidge
What did we learn from the exercises?
Thank you
Don’t forget to read for next class and complete your online assignment for points.
Also send any questions you or your
group have and I will focus on answering them.