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Togaf Foundation Chapter 2Core Concepts
Core Concepts
▷Quick Summery of Togaf Core Concepts
▷Categorization System
▷ADM Phases & Iterations
▷Maturity Model of EA in Enterprise
▷Architecture Model ( Views , Viewpoint)
▷Togaf & Archimate & SOA
1Quick Summery of Togaf Core Concepts
▷ What & How Concepts
▷ Architecture Framework Structure
What & How Concepts
Building Blocks(WHAT)
Differentiators(HOW)
Process (HOW)
Function (WHAT)
▷ How can I do something ?
▷ Differentiators point of views
▷ Eg : How I Make Coffee ?
▷ Identify what you have ?
▷ Basic unit from which something is built up.
▷ What Building blocks you have ?
▷ Eg : What I Have to Make Coffee ?
Everything about architecture relates to these concepts
Architecture Framework Structure
Metamodel
Arch.B.B
SolutionB.B
Consume B.B
Add B.B
Model
Method
Categorization System
Architecture Model
To Build
▷ The way to do architecture
▷ Cycle for develop architecture work
▷ Lego Box for your building blocks
▷ Classify your building blocks
▷ Consider Stakeholders Concerns
▷ Cover Stakeholder views and viewpoints
Metamodel
▷ How to described architecture in structured way
▷ Start point to do EA in your enterprise
2Categorization System
▷ Enterprise Continuum in Details
▷ Architecture Building Blocks
▷ Solution Building Blocks
▷ Reference Models
Categorization system
Arch.Cont.
Solu.Cont.
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Generic Specific
Lego Box ( Enterprise Continuum)
Foundation Architecture
Generic components, inter-relationships, principles, and guidelines that provide a foundation on which morespecific architectures can be built
Common Systems Architecture
Use services in Foundation Architecture to create an architecture useful for building common Solutions (high reusable)across a wide number of relevant domains.
Industry Architecture
Integration of common systems components withindustry-specific components (certain vertical industries)
Organization Specific Architecture
Describe and guide the final deployment of solution components for a particular enterprise
BDAT
BDAT
Categorization system Samples
Arch.Continuum
SolutionContinuum
UPUIII-RMNBE
bankTRM
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BDAT
BDAT
Solutions
Organization
Specific
Architecture
Foundation
Architecture
Common Sys.
Architecture
Industry
Architecture
▷ TRM ( Technical Reference Model)▷ ERP Architecture
▷ Security Architecture
▷ Network Architecture
▷ Management Architecture
▷ Operations Architecture
▷ III-RM
▷ UPU ( Universal Postal Union) Architecture
▷ Retail industry's "Active Store" architecture (SCOR-RM)
▷ Energistics Oil and Gas data exchange standards
▷ NBE bank architecture
▷ Your organization Architecture
Reference Model
UPUIII-RMNBE
bankTRM
Solutions
BDAT
BDAT
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Arch.Continuum
SolutionContinuum
▷ Abstract framework for understanding significant
relationships among the entities of some environment,
and for the development of consistent standards or
specifications supporting that environment
▷ Collection of commonly uses Building blocks in enterprise
▷ More and More Architecture , you start build your own RM
▷ You can use any reference model and align it with
your enterprise like Data RM , Performance RM , etc.
3Architecture Development Method
▷ ADM Phases
▷ ADM Iterations
Architecture Development Method ( ADM)
▷ Add and Consume B.B
▷ Can Apply Iterations ( ADM Guidelines)
▷ Can apply on different levels of details ( Segmentation)
▷ Repeatable process for developing Architectures
▷ Include Establish Architecture Framework , develop Architecture
content , Transitioning , govern realization of architectures
▷ Iterative Cycle of Continuous architecture definition
▷ Transform enterprise in response to business goals and
opportunities
ADM focus Points
Architecture Partitioning
▷ Allows for direction setting at an executive level.
Strategic Architecture
Segment Architecture
▷ Allows for direction setting and the development of
effective architecture roadmaps at a program or
portfolio level.
Capability Architecture
▷ Development of effective architecture
roadmaps realizing capability increments.
ADM PhasesPreliminary Phase
▷ Establish Architecture Capability
▷ Define architecture principles
Phase A : Architecture Vision
▷ Create Vision for [iteration , partitioning ]
▷ Define scope , identify stakeholders , obtain approvals
Prelim
VisionVisionVision
Phase Phase Phase
ADM PhasesPhase E : Opportunities and solutions
▷ identify major implementation projects group them into work packages
▷ Solution Architect involved in this phase
Phase G : Implementation Governance
▷ Handover your projects to be implemented by
[ internal dev team , vendor , outsource]
▷ Compliance architecture to out business
[I Give you this / You deliver this / What is the gaps]
Phase F : Migration Planning
▷ Detailed implementation and migration plan by PMO
▷ Include [ cost – time – effort – resources – critical projects –
align other projects (strategic , segmented , capability)]
ADM Iterations
▷ Architecture Capability Iteration
▷ Architecture Development Iteration
▷ Architecture Transition Iteration
▷ Architecture Governance Iteration
ADM Iterations – Development Iteration
1. Define stakeholders view , viewpoints , concerns
2. Reference model if exist , Building blocks if exist
3. AS-IS architecture according to vision
4. TO-BE architecture
5. GAP analysis between AS-IS and TO-BE
Phase B –Phase C – Phase D
Above steps depends of Vision of iteration
Step may be not exist according to Vision
4Maturity Model of EA
▷ Maturity Model Graph
▷ EA Scope Graph
▷ EA & SA & PMO
Architecture Practice Maturity
Isolated
I
Losing
L
Optimized
O
Fragmented
F
Level of Organization Integration DeliveryLe
ve
l of
Arc
hit
ect
ure
Th
ink
ing
Organization become tactical thinking
[project focus – solution focus]
F I Organization become Strategic thinking
I F
Maturity Low High
Losing No Delivery , No Arch. Thinking -
Isolated Business not well Delivered
Architecture don’t add value
Great Architecture Thinking
Fragmented No log term focus A lot of tactical projects focused
Optimized - Great Architecture Thinking
Organization solutions delivered well
EA gaps with SA & PMO
EA
GapTry to fill gaps without full information
SAFailed Compliance review with architecture
DeliveryPMOEAProblemSolution
+ Cost
+ Timeline
+ Quarter Measures
+ Strategy
Resistance
80 %
20 %
Architecture Iteration 1
Architecture Iteration 2
Architecture Iteration 3
Reduce GapIncrease Maturity
ArchitectureGovernance
Measure organization Steps to reduce gap
Architecture Governance
EA Scope/Value GraphNotes
Scope of EA
Va
lue
of
EA
EA = ITA
EA = EWITA
EA = BA + EWITA
EA = SA + BA + EWITA
A
B
Levels of Maturity ( EA Seen from Business View)
▷ Each step between A-B ,
you will cycle in Maturity model
▷ Move from point A-B
▷ Most organizations in point A
▷ True value of EA in point B
Enterprise Planning
▷ Show true Value of EA
▷ Help to take decisions
▪ Business Planning
▪ Business Analytics
▪ BI
▪ EA
▷ We are not deliver building blocks
▷ Architecture work not seen by business people
▷ They need something help them to take decisions
Architecture Capability
Method
Architecture Model
Business
Capability
ArchitectureCapability
Value/Scope
Maturity ModelRealize Apply
5Architecture Model
▷ Views –Viewpoints –Model
▷ Build Your Reference Model
▷ Architecture Landscape
Architecture Model
Consume B.B
Add B.B
Architecture Model
To Build
▷ The representation of a related set of concerns
( Issues , Risks , Assumptions , Constraints) of stakeholder
▷ A view is what is seen from a viewpoint.
▷ Anything that matter to stakeholders (How they see the world right)
▷ Outcome of ADM , Pull B.B to build Architecture Model
▷ Give view of you organization
▪ At different states
▪ Across different times
Views
Viewpoint
▷ definition of the perspective from which a view is taken.
View – Viewpoint – Airport System
▷ One view from pilot viewpoint , addresses the pilot's concerns
▷ Another view from air controller viewpoint , addresses the controller’s concerns
Views
Viewpoint
▷ One viewpoint describe of how the pilot sees the system
▷ Another viewpoint describe of how the controller
sees the system
Zachman FrameworkV
iew
po
ints
Views
Architecture Model Stakeholder
Lego Box
Concerns Requirements
Architecture Model
Building Blocks
Model Model Model
View
Function
Process Viewpoint
How to Build your reference model
Consume B.B
Add B.B
Architecture Model
To Build
▷ Repeat ADM
▷ Build Architecture Model and scale it
▷ Contain all stakeholders views , concerns and viewpoints
across your organization
Reference
Model
Sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
Views &Viewpoints
Architecture Landscape
Stakeholder LeaveArchitecture Landscape
▷ Architecture models over time ( years)
▷ EA as strategic enabler , help business decisions
▷ Enterprise planning space where EA can add true value
Business intelligence –Business Analytics
Architecture
Model 1
Architecture
Model 2
Architecture
Model 3 Capability
Strategic
Segmented
In Y 2000Revenue
40M$
In Y 2001Revenue
50M$
In Y 2002Revenue
20M$
Why enterprise lose revenue ?
“To Be continue with Togaf
Foundation certifiedCore Concepts .. Next ☺
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