Slide 1 of 28 Organizing the Elements 6.1
Slide 1 of 28 Organizing the Elements 6.1. Slide 2 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Organizing the Elements > Searching For an Organizing Principle.
Dec 26, 2015
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Slide 1 of 28
Organizing the Elements 6.1
Slide 2 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Searching For an Organizing Principle
Chemists used the properties of elements to sort them into groups.
6.1
Slide 3 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Searching For an Organizing Principle
Chlorine, bromine, and iodine have very similar chemical properties.
6.1
Slide 4 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic mass.
The periodic table can be used to predict the properties of undiscovered elements.
6.1
Slide 5 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
An Early Version of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
6.1
Slide 6 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
Slide 7 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > The Periodic Law
In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
6.1
Slide 8 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > The Periodic Law
The periodic law: When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
• The properties of the elements within a period change as you move across a period from left to right.
• The pattern of properties within a period repeats as you move from one period to the next.
6.1
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 9 of 28
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Three classes of elements are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
Across a period, the properties of elements become less metallic and more nonmetallic.
6.1
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 10 of 28
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table
6.1
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 11 of 28
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table
6.1
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 12 of 28
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table
6.1
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 13 of 28
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table
6.1
Slide 14 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals
Metals are good conductors of heat and electric current.
• 80% of elements are metals.
• Metals have a high luster, are ductile, and are malleable.
6.1
Slide 15 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum
6.1
Slide 16 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum
6.1
Slide 17 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum
6.1
Slide 18 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Nonmetals
In general, nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electric current.
• Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature.
• A few nonmetals are solids, such as sulfur and phosphorus.
• One nonmetal, bromine, is a dark-red liquid.
6.1
Slide 19 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metalloids
A metalloid generally has properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals.
The behavior of a metalloid can be controlled by changing conditions.
6.1
Slide 20 of 28
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
If a small amount of boron is mixed with silicon, the mixture is a good conductor of electric current. Silicon can be cut into wafers, and used to make computer chips.
6.1
END OF SHOW
Related Documents
