Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

By:Reevu priyam adhikary &

Soumya pritish

WHAT IS A HEAT EXCHANGER?A Heat Exchanger is an equipment used for the efficient transfer of heat from one medium to another , using either walls as a barrier so that the mediums do not make any contact or they may be made to be in direct contact to each other. The Heat Exchanger used by us for the experiment was of no contact type.

Objectives Working Principle Background Experimental Strategy Applications Sample calculation Results

OUTLINE

To study the working principle To determine the heat exchanger efficiency and

compare it against its theoretical value

OBJECTIVES

Working Principle

Heat would be transferred from the hotter fluid to the colder one , such that the temperature at the hot fluid exit would be as close to that of the cold fluid as possible.

Shell and tube heat exchanger are one of the most common equipment found in all plants.

How it works?

Introduction:

APPARATUS

Measured Variables◦ Hot water flow◦ Hot water inlet temperature◦ Hot water outlet temperature Cooling water flow◦ Cooling water inlet temperature◦ Cooling water outlet temperature

Experimental Strategy

APPLICATIONS

•BOILERS•CONDENSERS•STEAM ENGINE LOCOMOTIVES•SURFACE CONDENSERS

SERIAL NO.

INLET TEMP HOT FLUID(C)

OUTLET TEMP HOT FLUID(C)

INLET TEMP COLD FLUID(C)

OUTLET TEMP COLD FLUID(C)

HOT WATER MASS FLOW RATE (Kg/s)

COLD WATER MASS FLOW RATE (Kg/s)

1ST RUN 57.5 49.2 31.9 37.3 0.0211 0.0398

2ND RUN 57.9 48.5 32.0 35.6 0.0205 0.0452

OBSERVATION TABLE

Volume of water collected=1000 cm3

time taken for hot water= 47.3 sMh=.0211kg/s

Time taken for cold water=25.1 sMc=.0398 kg/s

FLOW CALCULATION

R=(Thi -Tho)/(Tco-Tci) =1.54P=(Tco-Tci)/(Thi-Tci) =0.21

From graph we get that F =0.95

DTLM = ((Thi-Tco) – (Tho – Tci)) / ln[(Thi – Tco) – (Tho – Tci)]=17.78*cCmin=m.h1*c =88.32Cmax=mc*c=166.6

Thus Cmin/Cmax=0.53

Qh= Cmin (Thi -Tho)=733.06

Qc=Cmax (Tco-Tci)=899.66

Q= (Qh+Qc)/2 =816.37 w

UA=Q/ DTLM =45.92

NTU=UA/ Cmin=0.52ℇ=Q/Cmin(Thi -Tci)=.361

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS

THEORITICAL EFFECTIVENESS

If cc<ch

ℇ =(Tco-Tci)/(Thi-Tci)

If ch<cc

ℇ =(Thi -Tho)/(Thi-Tci)=.324

Lmtd correction factor

RESULTEXPERIMENTAL EFFECTIVENESS

THEORETICAL EFFECTIVENESS

DIFFERENCE(%)

1ST RUN 0.361 0.324 11.42

2ND RUN 0.335 0.320 4.69

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Our sincere thanks to all the teachers, prof Amitava Dutta, Dr Ranjan Ganguly,prof Apurba Kumar Santra, mr. Atish Nandi ,mr Bireswar paul and Prakash Ghosh.