Rhythms of Our Coastal Waters:

Rhythms of Our Coastal Waters:Yaquina

Bay

Touch here to begin!

Welcome! Yaquina Bay, the estuary just outside, is an interesting, complex, and ever changing habitat.

My friends and I live in the Bay, and we are excited to explain this data to you and show you what a fascinating place the Bay is!

What is an estuary?

What is LOBO?

Touch here to continue

Introduction

Researchers are currently collecting data about the water in the Bay using an instrument named LOBO.

Level 1: Check out how graphs are built using salinity dataLevel 2: Explore the links

between rainfall, river flow, and salinity

Level 3: Learn how to interpret real-time salinity graphs

Level 4: Challenge your abilities with a rainfall and salinity

match-upLevel 5: Test your data sleuthing skills to explore Yaquina Bay’s

story

Are you unsure of how to understand line graphs? I would start here.

As a team, my friends and I will walk you through 5 different levels so that you can help us tell the story of Yaquina Bay.

Feel free to navigate through levels as you feel comfortable. The levels become more difficult as you progress up the food chain from Level 1 to Level 5.

Start here to look at Yaquina Bay’s current salinity.

Introduction

More info

More info pageAre you confused by a word or interested to learn more? You have come to the right place! Touch a button below to explore that topic.

Build a graph

(Level 1)

Read LOBO Graphs (Level 3)

LOBO Data Match-up(Level 4)

Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

What is an estuary?

What is PSU?

What is salinity?

How do tides affect an estuary?

What is LOBO?

About the exhibit

Howdy! I’m Mega, a crab plankton! I am going to be walking you through how salinity changes in the Bay as well as how to read salinity graphs.

Touch here to start!

Remember you will always have the home and back button if you get lost.

Use the buttons on the left to navigate to a different level at any time.

How To Build A GraphBuild A Graph

(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

This is the range of how much salt can be in water. If fresh, bottled water has a salinity of 0 psu, how salty do you think the OCEAN is?

Touch in the box above where you think the average Pacific Ocean salinity is located along the line.


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

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What is PSU?

How To Build A Graph

0 psu

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30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of the Pacific Ocean is 35 psu!


Pacific OceanEntire Year35 psu

O

O

Great!

Build A Graph

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Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of the Pacific Ocean is actually 35 psu!



O

O

Not quite!


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

If the salinity of the ocean is 35 psu, and Yaquina Bay is an estuary where the ocean meets fresh, river water, what do you think the average YAQUINA BAY salinity is?


O

O


(Level 1)



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Touch in the box above where you think the average Yaquina Bay salinity is located along the line.

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of Yaquina Bay is 28 psu!



OBYaquina BayEntire Year28 psu

B O

Great job!


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of Yaquina Bay is actually 28 psu!



OBYaquina BayEntire Year28 psu

B O

Not quite!


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

Because of our seasonal weather patterns here on the coast of Oregon, the salinity in the Bay does not stay constant through out the year. Do you know what the average salinity is in YAQUINA BAY during the rainy winter?


BYaquina BayEntire Year28 psu

O

B O


(Level 1)



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Touch in the box above where you think the average winter Yaquina Bay salinity is located along the line.

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of Yaquina Bay during the winter is around

26 psu!




OWYaquina BayWinter26 psu

BW O

Great job!


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of Yaquina Bay during the winter is around

26 psu!




OWYaquina BayWinter26 psu

BW O

Not quite!


(Level 1)



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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

If the winter salinity in Yaquina Bay is less than the overall average, then where does the warm summer salinity fall on

the line?



WYaquina BayWinter26 psu

O

BW O

Build A Graph

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Touch in the box above where you think the average summer Yaquina Bay salinity is located along the line.

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of Yaquina Bay during the summer is around

32 psu!





OSYaquina BaySummer32 psu

BW OS

Great job!


(Level 1)



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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

The average salinity of Yaquina Bay during the summer is

around 32 psu!






BW OS

Not quite!


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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

You can see that the ocean has a higher salinity, or more salt, than Yaquina Bay! Lets look more closely at how the Bay’s salinity changes during the year.





BW OS


Build A Graph

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(Level 2)

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To do this, we must first flip the line graph on its head.

Touch here to add the months




OSYaquina BaySummer32 psu0

psu20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu BW OS

0 psu

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10 psu

BW

OS

Now we have to add a timeline to our graph. By adding the months, we can look at changes over one year.


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Now we have the salinity range and time defined, we need the data.

Touch here to see Yaquina Bay’s average salinity for

each month

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

Septembe

rMay

March

February

January

April June JulyAugust

October

November

December


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(Level 2)

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0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

BW

OS

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

Septembe

rMay

March

February

January


October

November

December

We can make two different types of graphs with this data. The first is a bar graph.

Touch here to add the bars for each

month


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25.0 28.1 32.1 33.133.332.826.724.622.9 27.5 31.3 32.5

25.00 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

Septembe

rMay

March

February

January


October

November

December

28.1 32.1 33.133.332.826.724.622.9 27.5 31.3 32.5

You can see that for a bar graph, the largest numbers during the summer have the highest

bars.

Touch here to make the second type of graph, a line

graph


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25.0

The first step is to replace the bars with dots, or data points.

0 psu

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10 psu

Septembe

rMay

March

February

January


October

November

December

32.1 33.133.332.8

24.622.927.5

31.3 32.5

Now that we have our data points, we have to connect the

dots.Touch here to create the connecting lines

28.1 26.7


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25.0

0 psu

20 psu

30 psu

40 psu

10 psu

Septembe

rMay

March

February

January


October

November

December

32.1 33.133.332.8

24.622.927.5

31.3 32.528.1 26.7

You can see that just like in the bar graph, the highest salinity is in the summer, where the data points are the highest.

That’s the end of this section! Touch here to move on to

Level 2!


(Level 1)



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Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

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Hiya! I am Myt the Mussel and I will help you use graphs and understand what they are telling us.

Touch here to interpret rainfall, river flow, and salinity graphs!

In this section, there are a series of multiple choice questions: 4 about the rainfall and river flow relationship, and 4 about the rainfall and salinity relationship.

Remember that you have the home, back, and help button if you get lost.

How To Interpret GraphsBuild A Graph

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The best way to find out is to merge the two graphs into one so that we can compare them

more easily.

Here are average rainfall and river flow, or discharge, graphs. Do you think that they are related?

rainfall

river flow, or discharge


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Do you see any patterns due to seasons in this graph?

This graph has the same bottom axes as the other two, but now we have two vertical axes instead of one.

Yes No

In case you are confused, blue is for rainfall and red is for river

discharge.


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Great job on noticing a pattern in this graph!

In July there is low

rainfall and low

discharge

In January there is

high rainfall and low

discharge

In March there is low rainfall and

high discharge

In September

there is high rainfall and

high discharge

Which of the following

statements is true about this graph?


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Be sure to look at every

month to see if the

rainfall and discharge are high or

low compared to

other months.


rainfall and low

discharge

In January there is


discharge


high discharge

In September


high discharge

Not quite


(Level 1)



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Check out the lines I

added. They show you

that rainfall and

discharge follow each

other.

High

Low


rainfall and low

discharge

In January there is


discharge


high discharge

In September


high discharge

Not quite


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Do you think that the rainfall and discharge lines follow, mirror image, or have no relationship with each other?

Focusing just on the blue rainfall line, what can you say about the amount of rainfall in winter compared to the rest of the year? How about in summer, are these the same or different from winter?

Now do the same for the red discharge line.

Let’s review how to

read this graph.

Not quite


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Touch here to

continue

Let’s take a closer look at

this graph.


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Do you think that the rainfall and discharge lines follow, mirror image, or have no relationship with each other?

Focusing just on the blue rainfall line, what can you say about the amount of rainfall in winter compared to the rest of the year? How about in summer, are these the same or different from winter?

Now do the same for the red discharge line. Touch here

to continue

The major pattern to focus on is that rainfall and discharge follow each other and both have a dip, or less amount measured, in the summer months. When there is not much

rain, the river doesn’t have as much water running in it.


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Rainfall affects the amount of

river discharge. When there is more rain, there is more water flowing through the

river. In July there is low

rainfall and low

discharge

Great!


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Summer: March - July

Winter: August - January

Summer: May - October

Winter: December -

FebruaryWhich do you think describes

one of these seasons the

best?

These data can also help

us understand the seasons

in the estuary.

Based on this graph, I can

tell the difference between 2 seasons.


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Think about how much rainfall and discharge occur in Newport during

winter and summer.




Winter: December -

February

Which months incorporate an entire high or low level of rainfall and discharge?

Not quite


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Winter: December -

February

The months with both rain and discharge levels above

the line should be grouped

together, and same for the months under

the line.

Not quiteI added a line that helped me. Does it help you?


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Do these labels help

you?




Winter: December -

February

WinterSummer

Not quite

The months with both rain and discharge levels above the line are during the winter, and the months

under the line are summer.


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Using this graph, we can tell that Summer is May- October and Winter is

November- April.


Winter

Summer

Not quite

Winter



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Using this graph, we can tell that Summer is May- October and Winter is

November- April.


Excellent!



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Winter

Summer

Winter

Touch on the graph that

shows a winter month.

Here are two new graphs of

rainfall during an entire month.


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How To Interpret Graphs

Is it high or low? Which of these

graphs show that amount?

Not quite Can you think of the amount

of rain that falls in winter?

Touch on the graph that

shows a winter month.

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Month A is actually the

winter month. Notice how

more rain fell on more of the days in Month

A than in Month B.

Not quite


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Excellent!Month A is the winter month.

Notice how more rain fell

on more of the days in Month

A than in Month B.


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Since the pattern of rainfall and discharge are so similar, I am going to use just rainfall to represent both of these.

Does all that fresh rain and river discharge water affect the salinity, or amount of salt, in the Bay water?

Let’s merge these two graphs and see what they tell us about my home in the Bay.


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Yes No

Compare the lines of this graph to the rainfall and discharge graph.

Do you think the rainfall and salinity lines in this graph fit in the same summer and winter seasons that we decided on before?


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What is PSU?


Remember that we determined seasons based on high and low rainfall.

Low

Low

HighHigh

The rainfall season lines are added to see if the majority of the high or low salinity fits in these lines.

Well, we can do the same thing with salinity.


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Which of these

statements describes the relationship between the

salinity pattern and the rainfall pattern?

The patterns are identical

The patterns are mirror images or

opposites

The patterns have no

relationship


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The patterns are identical


opposites

The patterns have no

relationship

Check out the time of year when rainfall is lowest. What is salinity doing?

How about when rainfall is highest?

Not quite


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opposites

The patterns are

mirror images or opposites because salinity is highest

when there is the least amount of rain, and

vice versa.

Click here to continue

Not quite


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opposites


Excellent!

The patterns are

mirror images or opposites because salinity is highest

when there is the least amount of rain, and

vice versa.


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More rain in winter means more

discharge in the

Bay

Less rain in the

summer means there is

less freshwater in the Bay

The Bay is more

influenced by ocean water

than river water during the summer

All of these

reasons

Why is this?

So the salinity

pattern fits in the same

seasons but has an

opposite response

than rainfall.


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Is that the only reason

that explains

this relationship

?

Almost!


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discharge in the

Bay

Less rain in the



The Bay is more



All of these

reasons


All of the explanations

listed are true!

Not quite


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discharge in the

Bay

Less rain in the



The Bay is more




All of the explanations

listed are true!

Excellent


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discharge in the

Bay

Less rain in the



The Bay is more



Now here are two new graphs

of salinity in Yaquina Bay

during an entire month.

Using what you know about

seasons in the Bay, touch on the graph that

shows a summer month.


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Try to think back to which season had low salinity

and which season had high

salinity.

Which graph shows summer

salinity?

Not quite


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Remember that the low rain and high amount of

sun makes the bay more salty in the

summer.

Not quite

Month A is in the summer because the

salinity is higher.

Touch here to

continue


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Remember that the low rain and high amount of

sun makes the bay more salty in the

summer.

Touch here to

continue

Great job!

Month A is in the summer because the

salinity is higher.


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We found that when rainfall increases, river discharge also increases, but the Bay salinity decreases.Now that we know the seasonal patterns during the year, do you think that we could see these patterns in data that is being collected right now by LOBO?

Excellent! Here’s a summary of the graphs we looked at.

Touch here to continue to Level 3


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Touch here to begin!

Hi there, I am Dungie the Crab and I am your guide to understanding the story of salinity in Yaquina Bay!

The Bay is a complex system that is changing every moment. Some of these changes are predictable patterns, but some are unexpected variations. Do you think you can tell the difference?

How To Read LOBO DataBuild A Graph

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I will be asking you questions in boxes similar to this one. Try to figure them out before you move on.

There are 3 different sections in this level:Section 1: Determine what is a pattern or variation in salinity dataSection 2: Explore the influence of tides on salinity

Section 3: Four challenges to test your salinity interpretation skills

Seasonal Monthly Daily Tidal Hourly

Let’s start with a familiar graph from Levels 1 & 2.

Touch here to see if you are correct


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(Mentally) Choose one word from EACH of the orange boxes below that you think best describes this graph.

Pattern Variation

This graph was made with averaged data from 3 different years, and shows us expected Bay conditions for all the seasons spanning one year.

Progress: 1/11

What is PSU?

Seasonal Monthly Daily Tidal Hourly



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Winter

Summer

Winter

Pattern VariationSeasonal

Pattern

Next, let’s look at each year, 2006, 2007 & 2008, individually.

Progress: 2/11

In the Bay, the summer season has the highest salinity and the winter season has the lowest.

This graph shows me the predictable seasonal pattern of salinity in the Bay.



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(Level 2)

Can you find three months that have an approximate difference of 3 PSU or more between years?

More info

Does each year look exactly like the previous seasonal pattern graph?

We don’t have data for some months since LOBO was not in the water during those times, but we can still compare what we do have.

Progress : 3/11

Touch here to see if you are correct


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Seasonal Monthly Daily Tidal HourlyPattern Variation

(Mentally) Choose one word from EACH of the orange boxes below that you think best describes these graphs.

I can see that each year is different, especially when comparing January, November and December.Using this information, do you think you can classify what these graphs represent from the words below?

Progress : 4/11



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Monthly Variation

Can you predict what the graphs will look like if we graph the average salinity for each DAY instead of each MONTH?

I consider these graphs to show me monthly variation.

We can still see the seasonal pattern, but superimposed over it is the monthly variation during each year.

What do you think causes these changes from year to year?

Progress : 5/11

Can you find 4 time periods when the season in the Bay switched between summer or winter?



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What do you think is characteristic of a change in seasons for salinity?

Are these daily averaged graphs similar or different to what you predicted?

Having salinity graphed for each day tells us a lot more information. For instance, I can see fairly distinct season changes.

Progress : 6/11

How To Read LOBO Data




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This is when I see winter started:• 2006: early November • 2007: mid to late November • 2008: early November to late

DecemberThis is when I see summer began:• 2008: mid-May

Do you still see the seasonal pattern?

Can you see anything else, besides higher or lower salinity, that distinguishes the seasons?

Build A Graph

(Level 1)

Progress : 7/11

I can see that summer salinity (yellow), is more consistent, or changes less from day to day, than salinity in the winter (grey).



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(Mentally) Choose one word from EACH of the orange boxes below that you think best describes these graphs.


Using this information, do you think you can classify what these graphs represent from the words below?

Progress: 8/11

I consider these graphs to show me daily variation overlying the seasonal pattern.Do you have any guesses as to what causes the daily variation in the Bay’s salinity?



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DailyVariation

Progress : 9/11

River

Ocean

Estuary

A storm drops rain on the river and watershed, which increases the river’s water volume and discharge into the Bay.


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Fresh water

Salinity

The large influx of freshwater into the Bay lowers the salinity during the storm.

After the storm, the salinity will gradually increase as the river height subsides back to normal.

Daily Variation: Storms!

Progress : 10/11

River water level


Estuary salinity

Jan 28 Feb 1 Feb 50

102030

Salin

ity (P

SU)

Storms during the winter explain:• the seasonal pattern of lower salinity• the high daily variability in salinity



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11/11

Infrequent rain during the summer explains:• the seasonal pattern of higher

salinity• the low daily variability in salinityBut there is one more piece to the puzzle: what happens in the Bay over the course of one day.

Can you think of anything that would change salinity during a 24 hour

period?

Beach



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In the Bay, do you know where the high tide water comes from?

When animated, the red line moves as the day progresses, and the water level moves up and down the beach following the rising and falling tides.

-4-202468

10Tidal Cycle for June 13, 2007

Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Tide Progress: 1/4

Touch here to animate the

tides!

Tides!

In the Bay, there are two high tides and two low tides a day, as shown by the orange line.

Beach



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-4-202468


Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Tide Progress: 1/4


tides!

Tides!


Beach



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-4-202468


Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Tide Progress: 1/4


tides!

Tides!


Can you predict what happens to the salinity as the tides rise and fall?



(Level 1)



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Watch how the water not only moves up and down with the tides, but also in and out from the ocean.

Tide Progress: 2/4

-4-202468


Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Ocean water

River water


tides!

Now we are looking straight at the brown estuary bank, with the ocean to the left and the river entering from the right.




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Tide Progress: 2/4

-4-202468


Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Ocean water

River water


tides!





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Tide Progress: 2/4

-4-202468


Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Ocean water

River water


tides!


30

31

32

33

Salin

ity (

PSU)

Tide Progress: 3/4


More info

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)



-4-202468

10

Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Build A Graph

(Level 1)

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1012

30

31

32

33

Tide

Hei

ght

(fee

t)

Salin

ity

(PSU

)



tides!

Ocean water

River water

Ocean water

River water

What happens to the salinity as

the tides rise and fall?

The top graph is the same as the previous page, and the bottom will reveal the water’s salinity.

For our last tide animation, we are comparing tide water direction and salinity.

30

31

32

33

Salin

ity (

PSU)

Tide Progress: 3/4


More info

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)



-4-202468

10

Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Build A Graph

(Level 1)

-4-202468

1012

30

31

32

33

Tide

Hei

ght

(fee

t)

Salin

ity

(PSU

)

Ocean water

River water

Ocean water

River water


tides!Touch here to

continue





30

31

32

33

Salin

ity (

PSU)

Tide Progress: 3/4


More info

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)



-4-202468

10

Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Build A Graph

(Level 1)

-4-202468

1012

30

31

32

33

Tide

Hei

ght

(fee

t)

Salin

ity

(PSU

)

Ocean water

River water

Ocean water

River water


tides!Touch here to

continue





Touch here to continue on to the Challenge

section


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

More info

In general, salinity follows the tidal pattern of the Bay.

The rising tide pulls salty ocean water into the Bay (causing high tide have higher salinity), and the falling tide allows more river water into the Bay (causing low tide to have lower salinity).

12:00 AM6:00 AM

12:00 PM6:00 PM

12:00 AM-4-202468

10

30

31

32


Tide

Hei

ght (

feet

)

Salin

ity (

PSU)

Do the tide and salinity highs and lows occur at the same time? What do you think is causing this?


(Level 1)



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How many HIGH tides do you count?

How many LOW tides do you count?

Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4

Touch here to see the HIGH tides

Touch here to see the LOW tides


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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109

Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4

Touch here to see the LOW tides Did you find

all the tides?

Touch here to see the salinity


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More info



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4

Did you find all the tides?


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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4





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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4



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Are your numbers for this graph the same for the previous one?



Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4




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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109How many HIGH tides do you count?


Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4


Touch here to see the tide and salinity

together


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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9



Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4


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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9



Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4



together


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More info


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 109

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9



Tide Challenge #1

Tide Challenge: 1/4

Touch here for Challenge #2


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Tide Challenge #1 There are

10 high tides.

There are 9 low tides.Take note of the salinity range on

this graph to compare to Challenge #2.

How did you do? Does the salinity follow the tides exactly?

Do you think the salinity will respond to the tides exactly like you see here every day?

Tide Challenge: 1/4


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Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4




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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9How many HIGH tides do you count?


Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4

Touch here to see the LOW tides Did you find

all the tides?



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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9



Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4



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More info

101 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9



Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4





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More info

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9



Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4



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More info




Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4




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More info

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9




Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4



together


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More info

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9




Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4


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101 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9




Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4



together


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(Level 2)

More info

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9




Tide Challenge #2

Tide Challenge: 2/4



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Tide Challenge #2 There are 9

high tides.

There are 10 low tides.How do you think the salinity range

plays a role in the salinity response to tides?

How did you do? Does the salinity follow the tides exactly?Does the salinity here look the same as the salinity in Challenge #1? (Challenge #1 salinity range: 31-34 PSU.

Tide Challenge: 2/4

Touch here to see the answer

Here are graphs of salinity over two 9-week periods. Using your tide sleuthing skills, can you tell which graph is from the summer and which graph is from the winter?


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Tide Challenge #3

Tide Challenge: 3/4

Also, the salinity during the winter has a larger range (15-30 PSU), whereas the summer has a higher, smaller range (30-34 PSU).


How did you do? Even though the tidal salinity pattern is very similar, it is more variable during the winter than the summer.


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Tide Challenge #3

Winter Summer

Tide Challenge: 3/4

Touch here to see the answer

This last challenge tests your storm detecting skills!


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Tide Challenge #4

I chose two years with very different rain patterns. How many distinct storm periods can you count for the same 9 weeks in each year?

Tide Challenge: 4/4

Touch here to continue to Level 4!

Here are the 4 storm periods I see in 2006 and 2 I see in 2008.


(Level 1)



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Tide Challenge #4

Did you find the same ones?

Tide Challenge: 4/4

Touch here to start your Yaquina Bay

data investigation!

Hey, I’m Seb the Rockfish. In this section, you will help me match up graphs of rain and salinity!

LOBO is measuring rhythms of Yaquina Bay right now, and since it takes measurements every hour, we can look closely at these rhythms.

Do you have the skills to figure out how much rain changes the salinity of the Bay on a day to day basis? Lets find out!

LOBO Data Match-upBuild A Graph

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More info

Here are graphs of daily rainfall for four 20-day periods (they are also on one of the signs next to the computer). Touch the buttons below to look at the salinity data graphs of those same 20-day time periods.

Nov 25, 2007 to Dec 11,

2007Feb 1, 2008 to Feb 20, 2008

May 19, 2008 to June 7, 2008Aug 11, 2008

to Aug 30, 2008

Your task: Compare the rainfall graphs here and the salinity graphs on the web site to match up the correct dates with each rainfall graph.

Graph 1

Graph 2

Graph 3

Graph 4

Think you figured it out? Touch here to check your answers!


(Level 1)



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What is PSU?

http://yaquina.satlantic.com/cgi-lobo/image.cgi?x=date&y=salinity&min_date=20071122&max_date=20071211&nodes=0019




How did you do matching up the rainfall and salinity

graphs?


(Level 1)



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Touch here to continue to Level 5!

Hi, I am Stella the Sea lion. Are you up for a challenge?

Touch here to test your Yaquina Bay LOBO data ability!

Now is your chance to sleuth around the real-time data collected by LOBO and find some patterns for yourself!

If you think this level is too difficult, jump back a few levels for something easier.

Test Your LOBO AbilitiesBuild A Graph

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Data from LOBO is online and updated every hour. You can make your own graphs using the website to check out what’s been going on in the Bay since it was deployed in November 2007.

What is the salinity for the past 24 hours, week or month?

Touch here visit the LOBO website and see the data online!

If you find any of these, share your interpretation of what is happening in the exhibit notebook. Good luck!

Can you create a story about what happened with the weather, ocean, and river water to explain the data collected from the Bay?

Test Your LOBO AbilitiesBuild A Graph

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Not sure how to begin? Touch here to see an example.

Your task: Answer any of the following questions about Yaquina Bay’s salinity using data from the LOBO website.

What is the lowest salinity of the most recent rain storm?

Is there 24 hours when the salinity changed at least 10, 15, or 20 PSU?

Is there a week when the salinity didn’t change more than 2 PSU?

Can you find any other period of time or salinity pattern that is interesting to you?

Find the salinity… Find when…

What is PSU?

http://yaquina.satlantic.com/loboviz.shtml

Test Your LOBO Abilities


Welcome to the LOBO website tutorial!

I will walk you through the process of making your own graph in the next few screens so that you can explore on your own!

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In this example, I will be graphing the salinity of the month of December 2008.



The current conditions in the Bay.

The data to be graphed on the horizontal or bottom axis.

The data to be graphed on the vertical or left axis.

The date range to be graphed.

The first page you will encounter is called LOBOviz. There are 4 different columns of information.

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Date should already be selected, so you shouldn’t have to touch anything in this column.

The first step to graphing is to choose the X Variable you want to be graphed on the horizontal or bottom axis. In this example, we want DATE as the X Variable.

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To look at salinity, uncheck Nitrate and check Salinity. You may choose later to look at other variables as well.

Step 2: Choose the Y Variable you want to be graphed on the vertical or left axis. We want SALINITY as the Y Variable.

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Select “Specify Start and End”, and using the pull-down menus, input the date range you want to look at.

Step 3: Choose the date range that you want to graph. We want the month of DECEMBER 2008, so we will have to specify Start and End dates.

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Step 4: Make sure you selected everything correctly then touch “Plot the data” to make your graph!

The graph will show up in a new web page.

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Touch here to go make your own

graph!

The range of the Y axis changes to fit the graph.

Close the window by touching the button on the page or X-ing out in the upper right corner.

Step 5: Check out the graph you made! Can you think of any reasons why the first half of the month looks so different from the second half?

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Ocean

RiverEstuary

Yaquina Bay Estuary

= location of HMSC/ You Are Here

Ocean

River

Estuaries are coastal bodies of water that have a mix of salty ocean water and fresh river water.

Salt water Fresh water

They provide habitat and nursing grounds for many animals that are important to the ecosystem and humans.

Plants and animals living in the estuary have adapted to live in both fresh and salty water.

What is an estuary?Build A Graph

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Ocean

RiverEstuary

Yaquina Bay Estuary

= location of HMSC/ You Are Here

Ocean

River

Estuaries are coastal bodies of water that have a mix of salty ocean water and fresh river water.

Salt water Fresh water

They provide habitat and nursing grounds for many animals that are important to the ecosystem and humans.

Plants and animals living in the estuary have adapted to live in both fresh and salty water.

What is an estuary?Build A Graph

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Tides wash in and out daily creating a predicable pattern of high and low tides.

This movement of the water is influenced by the gravity of the moon.

Ocean

RiverEstuary

A flooding tide creates high tide by pushing ocean water into the estuary

Tide Source: NOAA Moon Image Source: NASA

Tide Height at South Beach, OR Over An Entire Lunar Cycle

Touch here to go to a NOAA website that further explains tides

An ebbing tide creates low tide by pulling river water into the estuary

How do tides affect an estuary?Build A Graph

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More info

http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/tides/tides03_gravity.html

Salinity is the amount of salt in water. In estuaries, it is affected by:

• Fresh water from rain and rivers• Salty water from the ocean

Salinity is measured in PSU, or Practical Salinity Units.

RiverEstuary

Summer

Little Rain

Low River flow

High Evaporation

RiverEstuary

Lots of Rain

High River flow

Winter

Low Evaporation

In the winter, there are many big storms that increase the fresh water flow into the estuary, making it less salty.

In the summer, low rain and river flow creates a more ocean-influenced and saltier estuary.

What is PSU and salinity?Build A Graph

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PSU is similar to parts per thousand, or ppt, another unit of measure for salinity. The way that salinity data is collected results in numbers with no units, so scientists use PSU.



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The way that salinity data is collected results in numbers with no units, so scientists use PSU. PSU is equivalent to parts per thousand (ppt), another unit of measure for salinity.

To put salinity measurements into perspective, here are 1,000 units, and the psu number is how many units out of 1,000 are salt.

This is what 5 psu looks like…15 psu…25 psu…& 35 psu.

Go back to Level

1



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Go back to Level

2



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Go back to Level

3



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Go back to Level

4



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5



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Go back to More

Info

LOBO stands for Land-Ocean Biogeochemical Observatory.

LOBO is dock-deployed across the Bay from HMSC. It has been collecting data about the water on the hour everyday since November 2007.

Plant and

Animal Life

Temperature Salinity

Dissolved Oxygen Nitrate

Dissolved organics

Bio - Geo-physical - Chemistry

Break it down!Temperature

SalinityDissolved OxygenNitrate

Fluorescence/Chlorophyll

Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online

Select a button below to learn more about the instrumentation:

What is LOBO?Build A Graph

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(Level 2)

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Temperature, Salinity, and Dissolved Oxygen Sensor


Measures:TemperatureHow cold or hot the water is

SalinityHow much salt is in the water

Dissolved OxygenHow much oxygen is in the water

TemperatureSalinity

Dissolved OxygenNitrate


Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

More info

Dissolved Organic Sensor


Measures:Dissolved OrganicsHow discolored the water is due to pigments (tannins) being released by broken down plants and animals

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

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Nitrate Sensor


Measures:NitrateHow much nutrients are in the water

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

More info

Fluorescence and Turbidity Sensor


Measures:Chlorophyll

How much pigment used by plants for photosynthesis is in the water

TurbidityHow clear or cloudy the water is

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

Telemetry System


LOBO Telemetry SystemLinks to the internet every

hour, via cell phone, and sends an email of the data to the

website

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

LOBO stands for Land-Ocean Biogeochemical Observatory.

LOBO is dock-deployed across the Bay from HMSC. It has been collecting data about the water on the hour everyday since November 2007.

Plant and

Animal Life

Temperature Salinity

Dissolved Oxygen Nitrate

Dissolved organics

Bio - Geo-physical - Chemistry

Break it down!Temperature

SalinityDissolved OxygenNitrate


Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online



(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

Temperature, Salinity, and Dissolved Oxygen Sensor


Measures:TemperatureHow cold or hot the water is

SalinityHow much salt is in the water

Dissolved OxygenHow much oxygen is in the water


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online

Dissolved Organic Sensor


Measures:Dissolved OrganicsHow discolored the water is due to pigments (tannins) being released by broken down plants and animals


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online

Nitrate Sensor


Measures:NitrateHow much nutrients are in the water


(Level 1)



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Abilities(Level 5)

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(Level 2)

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TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online

Fluorescence and Turbidity Sensor


Measures:Chlorophyll

How much pigment used by plants for photosynthesis is in the water

TurbidityHow clear or cloudy the water is


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online

Telemetry System


LOBO Telemetry SystemLinks to the internet every

hour, via cell phone, and sends an email of the data to the

website


(Level 1)



Test Your LOBO

Abilities(Level 5)

Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

More info

TemperatureSalinity



Turbidity

Dissolved Organics

How the data gets

online

Additional Support:

Concept design and support:- WET Labs: Cristina Orrico, Andrew Barnard- Sea Grant/HMSC: Shawn Rowe, Nancee Hunter, Bill Hanshumaker,

Olga Rowe- NANOOS: Craig Risien, Mike Kosro, Amy Sprenger, Jan NewtonExhibit development and evaluation:- OSU COAS: Sarah Mikulak

About the exhibitBuild A Graph

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Interpret Graphs

(Level 2)

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Rhythms of Our Coastal Waters:

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