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The Microbiome: Programming the Future from the Inside Out Dr. Tiffany Vora December 7, 2016
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Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

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Page 1: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

The Microbiome: Programming the Future from the Inside Out

Dr. Tiffany VoraDecember 7, 2016

Page 2: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

We are more than humanIm

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Page 3: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Our microbiome is critical

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David et al., Genome Biology 2014

Page 4: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

… and dynamic

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David et al., Genome Biology 2014

Page 5: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

We need our microbiome Im

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Immune System

Page 6: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbes tune our behavior

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Page 7: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

How do I impact my microbiome?

Page 8: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbiome Survivor: round 1

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Page 9: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbiome Survivor: round 2

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Page 10: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbiome Survivor: round 3

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Page 11: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbiome Survivor: round 4

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Page 12: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbiome Survivor: round 5

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Triclosan

Page 13: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Microbiome Survivor: round 6

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Page 14: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

How do I explore my microbiome?

Page 15: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

The skin microbiome

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My cat

My son

Page 16: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

What Lives on You?

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Selfies

Walkies

Page 17: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Sequence your microbiome

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Page 18: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

uBiome results: diversity

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Page 19: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

uBiome results: diversity

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More “Western” diet, less exercise

Page 20: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

uBiome results: diversity

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Page 21: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

What can I do?

Page 22: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

1. How do I change me?

Page 23: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

2. How do I drive larger change?

Page 24: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

What is the future of the microbiome?

Page 25: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Curing disease

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Based on van Nood et al., NJEM 368;5 (2013)

Page 26: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Resetting dysbiosis: Seres Therapeutics

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Page 27: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Resetting dysbiosis: Seres Therapeutics

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Page 28: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

DIY fecal transplants

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Page 29: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

DIY fecal transplants

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Page 30: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

What can we achieve?

Page 31: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Smart toilets

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Page 32: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Tuning body weight

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Images courtesy of ShutterstockCredit: CDC/Dr. Lyle Conrad

Page 33: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

The spectrum of malnutrition

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Page 34: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Adult malnutrition in 2016

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2 in 5 adults areoverweight or obese

2 in 12 adults havetype 2 diabetes

Images courtesy of ShutterstockData from the 2016 Global Nutrition Report

Page 35: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

667 million children <5 years old

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Images courtesy of ShutterstockData from the 2016 Global Nutrition Report

159 million children are stunted

50 million children are wasted

41 million children are overweight

Page 36: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Early nutrition critically impacts life

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Page 37: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

The burden of malnutrition

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2016 Global Nutrition Report:Stunting, WastingOverweightAdult obesity/overweight

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9.4%, 2.3%6.6%34.4%

1.4 billion people

38.7%, 15.1%1.9%

22.0%

1.25 billion people

2.1%, 0.5%6.0%67.3%

321 million people

Page 38: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Further reading

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Page 39: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Further reading

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Page 40: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Thank you!Dr. Tiffany VoraPrincipal Faculty, Digital Biology & [email protected]

Page 41: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Further exploration

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● Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health. 2015. Penguin Random House.

● Yong E. I Contain Multitudes: The Microbes Within Us and a Grander View of Life. 2016. HarperCollins Publishers..

● David LA, Materna AC, et al. Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales. Genome Biology (2014), 15: R89. doi: 10.1186/gb-2014-15-7-r89

● uBiome’s Gut Explorer (non-clinical)● van Nood E, Vrieze A, et al. Duodenal Infusion of Donor Feces for Recurrent

Clostridium difficile. New England Journal of Medicine (2013), 368: 407-415. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205037

● The 2016 Global Nutrition Report, from the International Food Policy Research Institute

● Scientific American’s Microbes in the Gut are Essential to Our Wellbeing● New York Magazine’s Eating with a Microbiome Researcher● An 8-year-old’s handprint on MicrobeWorld and Upworthy

Page 42: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Keep an eye on ….

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● Your own health● Reputable news outlets

○ Wired○ The Scientist○ The New York Times

● Collaborations between nutrition and pharmaceuticals● Beyond the gut

○ Skin○ Birth○ Architecture

Page 43: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

uBiome: welcome

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Page 44: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

uBiome results: take action

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Page 45: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

uBiome results: genera

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Page 46: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Drug discovery: Second Genome

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Page 47: Programming the Future from the Inside Out The Microbiome€¦ · Sonnenburg J and Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood, and Your Long-term Health.

Drug discovery: Vedanta Biosciences

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