Top Banner

of 63

Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

Jul 06, 2018

Download

Documents

DewiKania_
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    1/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    2/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    3/63

    #elen%ar Pineal

    • #elen%ar &ineal 'eru&aan elen%ar an*terli+at dala' ontrol &ro,e, re&rodu,i'a'alia tertentu- ter'a,u 'anu,ia.

    /an teta&i 'eani,'ena dala''e'&en*aruhi &ro,e, re&rodu,i +elu' %ela,

    • #elen%ar &ineal 'en,ere,i hor'on

    'elatonin an* +er,ifat anti*onadotro&i• Sinal hor'on 'elatonin &entin* +a*i

    ada&ta,i he"anhe"an an* 'elauan&era"inan ,ecara 'u,i'an

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    4/63

    1orfolo*i dan Pere'+an*an#elen%ar Pineal

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    5/63

    1orfolo*i dan Pere'+an*an#elen%ar Pineal

    • #elen%ar &ineal +era,al dari ea*ina,i'edian dari lan*it dien,e&al otae'+rioni

    #elen%ar &ineal (e&i,i, ,ere+ri) ter+entudari %arin*an ,araf dan terleta di lan*itlan*it entriel eti*a ota.

    • Pineal 'anu,ia de"a,a 'eru&aan or*an

    an* +er+entu erucut &inu,.• Pineal diinera,i oleh ,era+ut ,araf

    &o,*an*lioni an* +era,al dari *an*liacerical ,u&erior- arena itu- 'eru&aan

    or*an eetor ,i,te' ,araf otono'.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    6/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    7/63

    1orfolo*i dan Pere'+an*an#elen%ar Pineal

    • #elen%ar &ineal terdiri dari &inealo,it dan,el neuro*lia &eno&an*

    • Pinealo,it +era,al dari la&i,an e&endi'ale&itala'u,

    • 'eru&aan +a*ian ter+e,ar &enu,un

    elen%ar &ineal- dan +eru&a ,el&areni'ati

    • Sito&la,'ana 'e'ilii +ana'itoondria dan ,ediit retiulu'

    endo&la,'a teta&i den*an a&aratu, *ol*i

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    8/63

    1orfolo*i dan Pere'+an*an#elen%ar Pineal

    •  5uluran ,ito&la,'a dari &inealo,it +erahir&ada a&iler &eria,ular

    • Sel,el &areni' &ineal terdiri ata, dua

    'aca'a.,el,el *ela&

    +.Sel,el teran*

    •Sel,el *ela& 'en*andun* *ranula*ranula&i*'en- an* +elu' dietahui a,alna

    • Per+edaan antara eduana hana'encer'inan &er+edaan dala' taha&fun*,ional ,elna

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    9/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    10/63

    1orfolo*i dan Pere'+an*an#elen%ar Pineal

    • Seirin* &erta'+ahan u,ia- elen%ar'en*au'ula,i cadan*an al,iu' an*di,e+ut ,e+a*ai +rain ,and (acerulu,).

    #al,ia,i &ineal 'anu,ia di'ulai &adadeade edua ehidu&an

    • Sela'a 60 tahun- 709 elen%ar &ineal'un*in ,e+a*ian telah teral,ia,i

    • Studi +ioi'ia 'en*un*a&an +ah"atida ada &eru+ahan &ada atiita,+ioi'ia &ineal ,eirin* &erta'+ahan u,ia

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    11/63

    :i&ote,i, 1elatonin

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    12/63

    :i&ote,i, 1elatonin

    /. Per,&etif :i,tori,• :eu+ner ,i*nian,i ,iolo*i, &ineal  'aturita, ,e,ual dini &ada ana

    lailai an* &inealna diru,a oleh tu'or• :ol'*ren &inealo,it &ada ela,'o+ranch

    'eneru&ai ,el,el ,en,ori, &ada retina• +inatan* re&til uno 'e'ilii 'ata eti*a

    +erada di &unca e&ala- an* ,an*at,en,itie terhada& cahaa dan 'en*atur&er&utaran ira'a ala'i &ada tu+uh 'erea.

    • !ala' &er%alanan eolu,i- 'ata ter,e+uttelah 'a,u e ota dan 'en%adi elen%ar&ineal &ada +inatan* 'a'alia- ter'a,u'anu,ia ; an* 'a,ih ,en,itif terhada&cahaa.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    13/63

    :i&ote,i, 1elatonin

    • /aron Lerner i,ola,i dan &enentuan,trutur hor'on elen%ar &ineal-'elatonin- an* +eru&a indolea'in

    • 1elatonin ter+uti 'e'ilii efe an*&oten,ial terhada& &i*'enta,i inte*u'en&ada +e+era&a he"an- tida &ada'anu,ia.

    • Selain itu-%u*a ter+uti 'e'ilii efeanti*onad terhada& ,i,te' re&rodu,i'a'alia

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    14/63

    :i&ote,i, 1elatonin

    • Peru+ahan &ada fun*,i *onad dia'ati &ada+ana he"an an* di&a%an terhada& *ela&dan teran* ,ecara ontinu

    1atura,i *onad rodentia ditunda etiadi&elihara dala' ondi,i *ela& an*ontinu- dan ,e+alina

    • Efe ter,e+ut da&at dice*ah den*an&inealeto'i (e&i&i,eto'i).

    •  a+la,i &ineal &ada rodentia 'uda +ia,ana'en*arah &ada 'atura,i *onad an*'enin*at

    Efe &ere'+an*anna da&at diredu,iden*an in%e,i e,tra &ineal

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    15/63

    :i&ote,i, 1elatonin

    • 1elatonin- ,e&erti e,tra &ineal- an*di+erian &ada rodentia 'uda %u*a'en*ai+atan &enundaan 'atura,i

    *onad• :a,il &en*a'atan ini on,i,ten terhada&

    hi&ote,i, 'elatonin

    inten,ita, cahaa lin*un*an an*diteri'a he"an- dala' +e+era&a hal-'e'&en*aruhi &ele&a,an 'elatonin an*+er,ifat anti*onad.==

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    16/63

    :i&ote,i, 1elatonin

    >.Studi &ada he"an• Peru+ahan &ada la'ana foto&eriodi,'e

    harian &entin* dala' 'en*ontrol atiita,*onad ha',ter- Mesocricetus auratus.

    • Mesocricetus auratus +erhi+erna,i dan'elauan &era"inan ,ecara 'u,i'andala' ha+itat ala'ina.

    • Or*an re&rodu,ina ,an*at ,en,itif

    terhada& &en*aruh &encahaaanlin*un*an dan atiita, elen%ar &ineal

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    17/63

    • Pada ha',ter %antan dan +etina

    foto&eriodi,'e %an*a &endeatro&i *onad- *onad teredu,i hin**a

    hana 209 dari uuran nor'alna• Pinealeto'i 'ence*ah re*re,i *onad

    &ada ha',ter an* d&elihara den*anfoto&eriodi,'e %an*a &ende.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    18/63

    • /da rit'e harian &ada ,inte,i, 'elatonin &ineal&ada ha',ter.

    • Rit'e ter,e+ut di&en*aruhi oleh &encahaaanlin*un*an.

    Pen*aruh &encahaaan lin*un*an 'enin*atan,en,itiita, &ituitari hi&otala'u, terhada& efeu'&an +ali ne*atif dari hor'on ,teroid.

    • Sen,itiita, an* 'enin*at ini da&at diredu,iden*an &inealeto'i

    !en*an de'iian- &en*aruh foto&eriodi,'e %an*a &ende (+lindin*) an* 'enin*atan,en,itiita, hi&o,i, hi&otala'u, di'edia,i olehelen%ar &ineal.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    19/63

    • /an teta&i, blinding tida 'ene+a+an inhi+i,i&er'anen &ada fun*,i te,tiular atau oarian ha',ter

    • ?n%e,i 'elatonin e,o*en ,erin* tida efetif dala''ene+a+an atro&i *onad &ada ha',ter an* intact.

    • #adar 'elatonin an* 'enin*at ,ecara ontinu'ene+a+an he"an an* di&inealeto'i tida,en,itif terhada& in%e,i harian hor'on .

    • 1elatonin aan +er,ifat efetif ,ecara ,iolo*i, a&a+iladile&a, ,ecara rit'i, dari&ada ,ecara ontinu

    • :a,il &en*a'atan ter,e+ut 'eni,aan ,ediit

    era*uan +ah"a &ineal- 'elalui a,i hor'onanti*onadotro&ina- 'elatonin- adalah unci dala''en*ontrol &ro,e, re&rodu,i &ada 'a'alia.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    20/63

    >io,inte,i,

    ?ndola'in #elen%ar Pineal

    http://drholly.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/07/06/sert_jpg.jpg

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    21/63

    http://drholly.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/07/06/sert_jpg.jpg

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    22/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    23/63

    1eta+oli,'e 'elatonin

    • 1eta+oli,'e 'elatonin ter%adi dihati

    'elatonin 6hdro@'elatonin

      'elatonin hdro@la,e

    6hdro@'elatonin e'udiandiu+ah 'en%adi ,ulfat atau*luoronida untu e,re,i urin.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    24/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    25/63

    Efe cahaa terhada&+io,inte,i, indola'in &ineal

    • Sinte,i, 'elatonin dala' &ineal tiu,di&en*aruhi oleh cahaa an*ditan*a& 'ata.

    • Pada 'ala' hari ter%adi &enin*atanatiita, N-acetyltransferase 'enca&aiA0BA00 ali le+ih tin**i di+andin*an

    ,aat teran*. #en,entra,i N-acetylserotonin dan atiita, :?O1T %u*a 'enin*at.

    • Cahaa 'enean atiita, enDi'ineal.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    26/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    27/63

     5alur CS ,e+a*ai&en*ontrol

    • Peranan CS ,e+a*ai &en*ontrol+io,inte,i, indola'in &ineal 'a'aliatelah dietahui 'elalui teni

    &e'+edahan.

    • 1elatonin di,inte,i, ,e+a*ai re,&on,&ele&a,an norenefrin dari neuron

    &o,t*an*lion dari *an*lia ceric,u&erior.

    • Pineal  neuroendocrine transducer 

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    28/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    29/63

    • #elen%ar &ineal 'eru&aan te'&at tran,la,iteran**ela& 'en%adi messenger  i'ia.

    • /,u',i +io,inte,i, 'elatonin &ineal

    di&en*aruhi oleh ,&etru'eletro'a*neti.

    • Su&rachia,'atic nuclei 'en%adi te'&atCS an* +ertan**un* %a"a+ unu

    'en*ha,ilan atiita, noturnal+io,inte,i, indola'in &ineal &ada 'a'alia.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    30/63

    /tiita, &inealanti*onadotro&i'

    Or*anre&roductie

    anti*onadotro&in

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    31/63

    #ontrol intra,elular

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    32/63

    Con=t

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    33/63

    • orenefrin 'enin*atan&en*a'+ilan tri&tofan e dala'&inealocte,.

    • eurotran,'itter 'e'ilii 2 efe

    A.1enin*atan ,u+,trat intra,elular(tri&tofan)

    2.1enin*atan &en**unaan enDi'untu +io,inte,i, 'elatonin

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    34/63

    Sere,i dan Sirula,i'elatonin

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    35/63

    • 1elatonin terda&at &ada &la,'a danurin.

    • Pinealeto'i 'en*uran*i ,irula,i

    indola'in &ada &erco+aan he"an.•  Tin*at 'elatonin &la,'a tertin**i ,aat

    *ela& dan terendah ,aat teran*.

    Rit'e harian 'elatonin dala' darah danurin &ri'ata terda&at rit'e 'elatonindiurnal dala' cerebrospinal uid (CSF).

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    36/63

    • Peru+ahan on,entra,i 'elatoninCSF&la,'a

    • Satu rit'e 24 %a'- dala' on,entra,i

    'elatonin CSFa,u',i

    • CSF ,e+a*ai rute o'unia,i antara elen%ar&ineal dan +a*ian lain &ada ota

    • 1elatonin %u*a di,inte,i, e,tra&ineal-,e&erti di hi&otala'u,- retina- ,aluran&encernaan.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    37/63

    Situ, /,i 1elatonin

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    38/63

    /,i 'elatonin &ada ota

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    39/63

    /,i 'elatonin &ada ota

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    40/63

    /,i 'elatonin&ada ota dan hi&o,i,

    • ?'&lan 'elatonin &ada 'edial &reo&ti-,u&rahia,'ati- dan arearetrohia,'ati &ada ota tiu,'enun%uan ter%adina re*re,i *onad.

    •  Terda&at ,itu, &en*iatan 'elatonin&ada median emminence hi&otala'u,

    dan %u*a &ada pars tuberalis hi&o,i,.• Situ, &en*iat 'elatonin 'eru&aan

    ,itu, &en*iatan indola'in an*

    'en*ontrol ,ere,i *onadotro&in dan

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    41/63

    Re,e&tor 'elatonin

    •  Terda&at 3 ,u+ti&e re,e&tor'elatonin

    A.1elAa- terda&at &ada,u&rahia,'ati di hi&otala'u, dan&ar, tu+erali, di hi&o,i,.

    2.1elA+- terda&at &ada retina dan ota.

    3.1elAc- di lonin* dari ?an De+ra( Zebra sh) dan %u*a aa'.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    42/63

    Rit'e Pineal dan 5a' >iolo*i

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    43/63

    • #elen%ar &ineal 'en,inte,i, 'elatonin ,e+a*aire,&on terhada& infor'a,i &hotic an* +era,aldari 'ata lateral Leel indola'in an*+er,irula,i da&at 'enn**a'+aran %u'lah

    in&ut &hotic an* diteri'a oleh 'ata lateral.• :e"an an* 'e'ilii &ola re&rodu,i 'u,i'an-

    elen%ar &ineal +er&eran &ula dala' 'en*aturfun*,i *onad.

    el.&ineal or*an ,i,te' i,ual an*'entran,la,i atau 'entran,du,i &e,anfoto&eriodi i,ual 'en%adi Dat i'ia (che'ical'e,,en*er)

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    44/63

    Pro,e, &ada 'a'alia

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    45/63

     5a' +iolo*i

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    46/63

    Pato,iolo*i #elen%ar Pineal

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    47/63

    Pato,iolo*i &ineal

    A. Pinealo'a

    •  Terda&at 2 ti&e &inealo'a

    Parench'a &inealo'a- di,u,un oleh

    'a,,a &inealo,it an* 'e'+e,ar&enundaan &u+erta,

    !e,tructie &inealo'a- di,u,un oleh %arin*an non&areni' &e'atan*an

    ,e, dini2. :i&o*onadi,'e

    • >e+era&a &a,ien hi&o*onadi,'e 'e'iliion,entra,i 'elatonin &la,'e an* tin**i

    Penin*atan atiita, &ineal.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    48/63

    Pato,iolo*i &ineal

    3. Hypothalamic amenorrhea

    • >e+era&a &a,ien hypothalamicamenorrhea 'e'ilii leel'elatonin noturnal an* a+nor'al

    /noulatori (ai+at ,u&re,ihor'on)

    • Pa,ien&a,ien t,+ %u*a 'en*ala'i&eriode ,ere,i 'elatonin noturnalan* &an%an*.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    49/63

    #elen%ar &ineal dan &enuaan

    • :i&ote,i,

    aging is secondary to pineal failure

    • Penuaan adalah ,indro' an*di,e+a+an oleh &enurunan ra,io'elatoninH:T an* 'e'&en*aruhineuro,iolo*i dan dihu+un*an

    ,e+a*ai &ene+a+ &ro,e, &enuaan.•  La'ana hidu& (life span) +e+era&a

    ti&e he"an 'enin*at ai+at'elatonin.

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    50/63

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    51/63

    #elen%ar &ineal dan aner

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    52/63

    Efe 1elatonin &ada1anu,ia

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    53/63

    Efe 'elatonin

    • 1enin*atan "atu tidur nena

    • 1enin*atan rit'e endo*enu, ,ere,i

    'elatonin

    • 1en*uran*i efe %et la*

    • 1e'edia,i +e+era&a e*iatan intra,el

    &ada al'odulin 'e'&en*aruhi

    fun*,i 'irotu+ular dala' +e+era&a ,el

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    54/63

    Peran lain #elen%ar Pineal

    #elen%ar &ineal 'e'&en*aruhi

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    55/63

    #elen%ar &ineal 'e'&en*aruhiha'&ir ,eluruh elen%ar

    endorin• Ocular 'elatonin

    • #elen%ar &ineal dan ,i,te' circadian/e,

    •  The &hoto,en,itie &ineal of&oiiloter',

    • PinealH'elatonin 'en*ontrolro'atofor

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    56/63

    Ocular 1elatonin

    • 1elatonin dite'uan di retina dala'+entu – acetl tran,fera,e (/T) – :?O1T

    • Sinte,i, 'elatonin oleh 'ata +er&erandala' 'ere*ula,i fun*,i &en*lihatan

    • 1elatonin da&at 'ere*ula,i ,ilu,'eta+oli,'e ,el fotore,e&tor

    1i*ra,i &i*'en diantara 'elano,it retina %u*a terlihat &ada re,&on, i,arat &hotic&ada +e+era&a ,&e,ie,.

    • 1elatonin +er&eran daal'a ,en,itiita,cahaa retinal dan eta%a'an i,ual &ada

    +e+era&a erte+rata

    #elen%ar Pineal dan Si,te' Circadian

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    57/63

    #elen%ar Pineal dan Si,te' Circadian/e,

    • Pada /e,- atiita, /T dan :?O1T ,erta %u'lah 'elatonin &ada elen%ar &ineal'enin*at etia ,ua,ana *ela& dan'enurun etia ,ua,ana teran*

    Pada Ga*a- elen%ar &ineal &entin* +a*irit'e loo'otor circadian &ada ondi,i*ela&

    • #elen%ar &ineal &ada +urun* 'e'iliio,cillator an* 'e'&rodu,i rit'ehor'onal

    • 1elatonin +er&eran &ada "atu ,erta ,ilu,atiita, dan i,tirahat +urun*

    • #elen%ar &ineal %u*a 'e'en*aruhi &erilau

    ter'ore*ula,i dan ,iolo*i, &ada +e+era&a

    The &hoto,en,itie &ineal of

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    58/63

     The &hoto,en,itie &ineal of&oiiloter',

    • Ele'en ,en,or &ineal ,en,itifterhada& cahaa dan atif etia*ela& untu 'eninte,i, dan

    'ele&a,an 'elatonin• Se&erti &ada 'a'alia- terda&at

    rit'e diurnal 'elatonin &la,'a &ada

    &oiiloter' (&i,ce, dan re&til)

    PinealH'elatonin 1en*ontrol

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    59/63

    PinealH'elatonin 1en*ontrol#ro'atofor

    • 1elatonin 'en*ontrol &eru+ahan"arna ulit &ada +e+era&aerte+rata &oiiloter'

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    60/63

    1eani,'e /,i 1elatonin

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    61/63

    1eani,'e /,i 1elatonin

    • 1elatonin 'eru&aananti*onadotro&in &ineal 'a'alia

    • #elo'&o 'etho@ &ada ato'

    ar+on eli'a nuleu, indole &entin*untu a*re*a,i 'elano,o'(&e'utihan ulit) &ada 'elanofor

    • #elo'&o acetl &entin* untu'en*iat 'elatonin e re,e&tor

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    62/63

    a) 1elatonin rece&tor, are located in the &la,'a 'e'+ra'e of the cell,(/C/denlatccla,e)+) 1elatonin enter, the cell and +ind, to the Retin,aureIReDe&tor(Ger'an). Thi, i, a ,teroidhor'one rece&tor.c) 1elatonin +ind, to cal'odulin and inhi+it, it to &roduce the nitric o@ide,ntha,e enD'e. ?t deactiate, the cal'odulin.

    d) 1elatonin i, a 'ore eectie radical ,caen*er than *lutathion and

    Sele,ai Teri'a #a,ih

  • 8/16/2019 Presentasi Endocrine Role of Pineal Gland

    63/63

    Sele,ai- Teri'a #a,ih ..