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Graphical Representation of DataBy Prasad N.N.

Research Scholar, DoS in Library and Information Science.

Under the Guidance of

Dr. Chandrashekara M

Associate ProfessorDept. of Library & Information Science

University of Mysore, Mysore

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Introduction

Whenever verbal problems involving a certain

situation is presented visually before the learners,

it makes easier for the learner to understand the

problem and attempt its solution.

Similarly, when the data are presented pictorially

(or graphically) before the learners, it makes the

presentation eye-catching and more intelligible.The learners can easily see the salient features of

the data and interpret them.

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Inventor of graphs:

William Playfair (1759-1823), Scottish

engineer and political economist, is the

principal inventor of statistical graphs.

In 1786, he published Commercial and

Political Atlas that contained 44 charts.

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Continued..

He invented three of the four basic forms ofgraph:

The statistical line graph

The bar graph

The pie graph

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Types of Graphs

Line graphs

-Polygraph

Bar graphs Pie graphs

Flow Charts

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1. Line Graph

The line graphs are usually drawn to represent

the time series data

Example: temperature, rainfall, population

growth, birth rates and the death rates.

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Line Graph

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1.2. Polygraph

Polygraph is a line graph in which two or morethan two variables are shown on a same diagramby different lines. It helps in comparing the data.

Examples which can be shown as polygraph are: The growth rate of different crops like rice, wheat,

pulses in one diagram.

The birth rates, death rates and life expectancy in one

diagram. Sex ratio in different states or countries in one

diagram.

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Polygraph

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2. Bar graphs

It is also called a columnar diagram. The bar

diagrams are drawn through columns of equal

width. Following rules were observed while

constructing a bar diagram:(a) The width of all the bars or columns is similar.

(b) All the bars should are placed on equal

intervals/distance.(c) Bars are shaded with colours or patterns to

make them distinct and attractive.

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Types of Bar graphs

Three Types of Bar graphs are used to

represent different data sets:

The simple bar diagram

Compound bar diagram

Polybar diagram

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A simple bar diagram is constructed for an

immediate comparison. It is advisable to

arrange the given data set in an ascending or

descending order and plot the data variables

accordingly. However, time series data are

represented according to the sequencing of

the time period.

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When different components are grouped in

one set of variable or different variables of

one component are put together, their

representation is made by a compound bardiagram. In this method, different variables

are shown in a single bar with different

rectangles.

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Polybar diagram

The line and bar graphs as drawn separately

may also be combined to depict the data

related to some of the closely associated

characteristics such as the climatic data ofmean monthly temperatures and rainfall.

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Polybar diagram

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3. Pie graphs

Pie diagram is another graphical method of

the representation of data. It is drawn to

depict the total value of the given attribute

using a circle. Dividing the circle intocorresponding degrees of angle then

represent the sub sets of the data. Hence, it

is also called as Divided Circle Diagram.

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Pie graphs

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Flow Maps/Chart

Flow chart is a combination of graph and map.

It is drawn to show the flow of commodities or

people between the places of origin and

destination. It is also called as Dynamic Map.

Transport map, which shows number of

passengers, vehicles, etc., is the best example

of a flow chart.

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Conclusion

If the information is presented in tabular form orin a descriptive record, it becomes difficult todraw results.

Graphical form makes it possible to easily drawvisual impressions of data.

The graphic method of the representation of dataenhances our understanding.

It makes the comparisons easy.

Besides, such methods create an imprint on mindfor a longer time

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