PHONETICS Study of the physical properties of speech-sounds – how they are made – how they are heard – how they are transmitted PHONOLOGY Study of the linguistic properties of speech-sounds – the “sound system” of language – the sound systems of individual languages
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PHONETICS Study of the physical properties of speech-sounds – how they are made
PHONETICS Study of the physical properties of speech-sounds – how they are made – how they are heard – how they are transmitted PHONOLOGY Study of the linguistic properties of speech-sounds – the “sound system” of language – the sound systems of individual languages. PHONETICS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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PHONETICSStudy of the physical properties of speech-sounds– how they are made – how they are heard– how they are transmitted
PHONOLOGYStudy of the linguistic properties of speech-sounds – the “sound system” of language – the sound systems of individual
languages
PHONETICSStudy of the physical properties of speech-sounds
Articulatory Phonetics– how they are made
Auditory Phonetics– how they are heard
Acoustic Phonetics– how they are transmitted
PHONETICSStudy of the physical properties of speech-sounds– how they are made – how they are heard– how they are transmitted
PHONOLOGYStudy of the linguistic properties of speech-sounds – the “sound system” of language – the sound systems of individual
languages
PHONETICSUniversal: the study of the sounds produced in human speech
PHONOLOGYLocal: the study of the sound system of one single language or variety of language
The Talking White Male Head
(Ladefoged p.2)5
Daniel Jones, 1918, An Outline of English PhoneticsFrontispiece from the 9th edition, 1972
1sEvis 1sEfis1sErvis 1sErfis1sEv0s 1sEf0sS0u s0umeik meidg0ust t0ustweil weilweil Weil
Minimal contexts
pressure measurefission vision
1preS0 1meG01fiS0n
1viG0n
Allophones
top stoppie spycare scare
top stoppai spaike0 ske0ker sker
Allophones
top stoppie spycare scare
No free choice between p and pH.Complementary distribution
tHop stoppHai spaikHe0 ske0kHer sker
Compementary angles:
phoneme
allophone
/ /[ ] [ ]
phoneme
allophone
Usually, of course, the different ALLOPHONES of the same PHONEME are all similar to each other - they form a FAMILY of sounds. But we mustn't fall into the trap of thinking that ALLOPHONIC difference is small while PHONEMIC difference is large. There is actually no real difference between these differences! We can see this by the fact that the same difference can be allophonic in one language, and phonemic in another.
from http://www.hi.is/~peturk/KENNSLA/02/TOP/phonemes.html