MAGNET AND TRAFO CIRCUIT REPORT 1 PHASE TRANSFORMER TEST CLASS : D3 - I A GROUP : Group 1 RESPONSIBLE PERSON : Niken Endras Camarita / 1131120113 MEMBER OF GROUP : 1. Dio Agatha Septiyan / 1131120122 2. Hedy Febriana Puspitasari / 1131120125 3. Karina Monica / 1131120121 4. Mirtha Isnay Samindha / 1131120088 5. Regina Damayanti / 1131120127
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MAGNET AND TRAFO CIRCUIT REPORT
1 PHASE TRANSFORMER TEST
CLASS : D3 - I AGROUP : Group 1 RESPONSIBLE PERSON : Niken Endras Camarita / 1131120113MEMBER OF GROUP : 1. Dio Agatha Septiyan / 1131120122
Figure 10. Divider current at parallel transformers
From that formula is meaning that the transformers, to makes the
transformers dividing the current as the Volt-Ampere ability, so the impedance
voltage at load condition must be similarity (I1A x Z1A = I1B x Z1B). Therefore we
can conclude that both of the transformers are having the same impedance unit.
4. The reactance ratio to resistance should be same as (Short circuit test)
If the R/X ratio is same, both of transformers will be working at the same
work factor.
C. PICTURE OF TEST CIRCUIT
a. PICTURE OF OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
Measure tool that used in open circuit test such as :
Voltmeter is to measure the input voltage and output voltage.
Amperemeter is to measure Io
Wattmeter is to measure the transformer core losses.
b. PICTURE OF SHORT CIRCUIT TESTTT TR
Figure 11. Picture of Short Circuit Test
Amperemeter is used to measure I nominal.
Voltmeter is used to measure VSR (short circuit).
Wattmeter is used to measure transformer and load loss.
Ampere is used to measure current in low voltage side.
c. PICTURE OF TRANSFORMER POLARITY TEST
To find out the high voltage (HV) and the low voltage (LV) of a transformer is
carried out experiments as follows:
Figure 12. The series of experiments to determine the coil HV and LV coils
To find out the type of polarity is the polarity of the sum (additive) or reduce
(substraktif).
Figure 13. The series of experiments to determine the type of polarity
To find out the positive and negative terminals of a transformer with certainty by
using a reference transformer.
Figure 14. The series of experiments to determine the positive and negative
terminals of a transformer
d. PICTURE OF FULL LOAD TEST
Figure 15. Full Load Test Circuit
1. V1 = Measuring the input voltage
V3
Blank Transformer
References Transformer
2. A1 = Measuring the current I1
3. W1 = Measuring the input power (transformator and load) 4. A2 = Measuring the current I2 (load current)5. W2 = Measuring the output power (load)6. V2 = Measuring the load voltage
e. PICTURE OF PARALLEL TEST
Figure 16. Parallel Test Circuit
1. V1 = Measuring the input voltage2. A1 = Measuring the current I1
3. A2 = Measuring the current of transformer 14. A3 = Measuring the current of transformer 25. W1 = Measuring the input power (transformator and load) 6. A4 = Measuring the current loa current7. W2 = Measuring the output power (load)8. V2 = Measuring the load voltage
D. TOOLS AND MATERIALS
a. TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
1. 1 phase transformer 220/48V ; 10 A 1 unit
2. 1 phase wattmeter 1 unit
3. Voltmeter 1 unit
4. Ampermeter 1 unit
5. Cable as needed
b. TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
1. 1 Phase Transformer 220 / 48 V ; 10 A 1 unit
2. Voltmeter 1 unit
3. Amperemeter 1 unit
4. Wattmeter 1 Phase 1 unit
5. Ampere pliers 1 unit
6. Cable as needed
c. TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF TRANSFORMER POLARITY TEST
1. Transformator Blank 1 unit
2. Transformator referensi 1 unit
3. Voltmeter 3 unit
4. Miliohmmeter 1 unit
5. Cable as needed
d. TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF FULL LOAD TEST
1. 1 phase transformer 1 unit
2. Voltmeter 2 unit
3. Amperemeter 2 unit
4. Ohmmeter 2 unit
5. Resistive load (ball-lamp) 4 unit
6. Cable as needed
e. TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF PARALLEL TEST
1. 1 phase transformer 2 unit
2. Voltmeter 2 unit
3. Amperemeter 4 unit
4. Wattmeter 2 unit
5. Resistive element 1 set
6. Cable as needed
7. Current Transformer 2 unit
E. TEST PROCEDURE
a. TEST PROCEDURE OF OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
1. Calibrating and checking the condition of measure tool.
2. Setting the wattmeter with seri and parallel to measure the transformer core
losses (PFe).
3. Setting the voltmeter with parallel to determine the input voltage.
4. Setting the ampermeter with seri to measure input current.
5. Setting the input voltage in 0V, 10V, 20V, 30V, 48V.
6. Writing down the value that showed by voltmeter, ampermeter, and wattmeter
every the voltage increase.
7. Setting the input voltage in 220V.
8. Writing down the value that showed by voltmeter, ampermeter, and wattmeter.
9. Comparing the transformer core losses when use step up and step down
transformer.
10. Calculating the transformation number base on the voltage.
11. After finish, setting the voltage source in 0V.
b. TEST PROCEDURE OF SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
Safety Procedure
1. Arranging the series according to the picture of short circuit.
2. Re-examining a series of trials before being tested.
3. Reporting the series to the instructure before being tested.
4. Connecting the circuit to the source.
5. Recording the result of the short circuit test
Test Procedure
1. Preparing tools and material of the test.
2. Checking and calibrating the tools to be used.
3. Arranging the series according to the picture of short circuit.
4. Connecting Wattmeter, voltmeter, and amperemeter in the high voltage side
according to the circuit picture.
5. Giving the voltage of the source on the HV side is raised little by little until
the amperemeter read nominal current (2,2 A).
6. Recording the primary input power in Wattmeter, primary nominal current
in amperemeter are already right at 2,2A,input voltage in voltmeter, and the
current which flow in the LV side by using ampere pliers.
7. Recording the measured data of the tools to the table.
8. After finish, setting the voltage source in 0V.
c. TEST PROCEDURE OF TRANSFORMER POLARITY TEST
1. Preparing the experimental tools.
2. Checking and calibrating the equipment to be used.
3. Arranging the tools and materials according with Figure 12.
4. Measuring the resistance using miliohmmeter.
5. Recording the results on the gauge reads miliohmmeter in Table 1.
6. Making analysis of the data that has been established to determine the HV & LV
side.
7. Arranging the tools and materials according with Figure 13.
8. Entering the input voltage V1 = 220 V at the HV terminal.
9. Recording the results read on a voltmeter measuring devices in table 2.
10. Determining the type of addition or subtraction polarity, if the data has been
obtained.
11. Arranging the tools and materials according with Figure 14.
12. Entering the input voltage V1 = 220 V on the terminal side of the HV
transformer or transformer reference blank.
13. Recording the results read on a voltmeter measuring devices in table 3 .
14. Determining the transformer terminals is positive or negative blank assisted with
data from previous experiments, if the data has been obtained.
15. After finish, setting the voltage source in 0V.
d. TEST PROCEDURE OF FULL LOAD TEST
1. Preparing the used materials.
2. Making the circuit like the picture above.
3. Setting the voltage source up to the nominal voltage.
4. Giving the circuit with varies of load.
5. Write the result of Wattmeter, Voltmeter, and Amperemeter each load.
6. After finish, setting the voltage source in 0V.
The load varies :Resistive load (ball lamp) :
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inductive load (Ballast) :
a.
b.
c.
d.
7. Making the analysis and calculating the regulation and efficiency.
e. TEST PROCEDURE OF PARALLEL TEST
1. Preparing the used materials
2. Making the circuit like the picture above
3. Giving the High Voltage side or the secondary side with varies of load
The load varies :
Resistive Load (Ball-lamp) :
a.
b.
c.
d.
4. Setting the voltage source up to the nominal voltage
5. Writing down the result of Wattmeter, Voltmeter, and Amperemeter each load
6. Making the analysis and calculating the regulation and efficiency.
7. After finish, setting the voltage source in 0V.
F. TEST RESULT
a. TEST RESULT OF OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
Transformer 1
V1 V2 I0 P1 a
(V) (V) (A) (W)
10 45.2 0.27 3 x 0.4 = 1.2 0.221
20 90 0.36 13 x 0.4 = 5.2 0.222
30 133 0.45 26 x 0.4 = 10.4 0.225
48 215 0.77 62.5 x 0.4 = 25 0.223
220 47.8 0.17 73 x 0.4 = 29.2 4.6
Nominal Input Voltage 48V
cos∅=P1
V 1 × I 0
= 2548× 0.77
=0.68
I C=I 0cos∅=0.77×0.68=0.52
I m=I 0 sin∅=0.77 ×0.73=0.56
RC=V 1
I C
= 480.52
=92.31
X m=V 1
I m
= 480.56
=85.7
Nominal Input Voltage 220V
cos∅=P1
V 1 × I 0
= 29.2220 × 0.17
=0.78
I C=I 0cos∅=0.17×0.78=0.13
I m=I 0 sin∅=0.17 ×0.63=0.11
RC=V 1
I C
= 2200.13
=1692.31
X m=V 1
I m
= 2200.11
=200 0
Transformer 2
V1 V2 I0 P1 a
(V) (V) (A) (W)
10 50 0.24 3 x 0.4 = 1.2 0.2
20 95 0.33 11 x 0.4 = 4.4 0.21
30 145 0.41 23 x 0.4 = 9.2 0.207
48 230 0.74 57 x 0.4 = 22.8 0.209
220 45 0.13 60 x 0.4 = 24 4.9
Nominal Input Voltage 48V
cos∅=P1
V 1 × I 0
= 22.848× 0.74
=0.64
I C=I 0cos∅=0.74× 0.64=0.47
I m=I 0 sin∅=0.74 ×0.77=0.57
RC=V 1
I C
= 480.47
=102.13
X m=V 1
I m
= 480.57
=84.2
Nominal Input Voltage 220V
cos∅=P1
V 1 × I 0
= 24220 × 0.13
=0.84
I C=I 0cos∅=0.13×0.84=0.11
I m=I 0 sin∅=0.13× 0.54=0.07
RC=V 1
I C
= 2200.11
=2000
X m=V 1
I m
= 2200.07
=3142.83
b. TEST RESULT OF SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
No TrafoI1
(A)
V1
(V)P1 (W)
I2
(A)a
Rek
(Ω)Zek
(Ω)
Xek
(Ω)
Vz
(%)
1.Trafo
12,2 14,5
15,5 x 2 = 31
W9,3 4,23 6,4 6,59 1,57 6,6
2Trafo
22,2 12,5 13 x 2 =26 W 9,3 4,23 5,37 5,682 1,851 5,7
3Trafo
42,2 16 17,2 x 2 =
34,4 W9,2 4,18 7,11 7,27 1,54 7,2
Transformer 1
V = 14,5 V ; I = 2,2 A ; P = 15,5 x 2 = 31 W ; ITR = 9,3 A
Z = VI =
14,52,2
= 6,59
R = P
I 2 = 31
2,22 = 6,4
X = √Z2−R2 = √6,592−6,42
= √2,4681
= 1,571
Z% = V hs
V nom x 100%
= 14,5220
x 100%
= 6,6 %
c. TEST RESULT OF TRANSFORMER POLARITY TEST
Table 1. Experiments with the first method
No R sisi HV R sisi LV
Ohm() V Ohm() V
1. 37,89 220 2,30 54
Table 2. Experiment with both methods
No V1
(volt)
V2
(volt)
V3
(volt)
KET
1. 220 54 167,5 Substructive
2. 220 54 271 Additive
Table 3 Experiment The third method
V1 Trafo Refrensi
(Volt)
V2 Trafo Blank
(Volt)
V3
(Volt)
KET
54 48 100 Additive
54 48 5 Substructive
d. TEST RESULT OF FULL LOAD TEST
Step Up Transformer Experiments With Resistive Load