PART II

PART IIPART II

Indian CountryIndian CountryMyths QuizMyths Quiz

StatisticsStatistics

History and contemporary issuesHistory and contemporary issues

Indian CountryIndian Country

with with Jimmy Warne, MS Jimmy Warne, MS

TRUE/FALSE

1. Native Americans are easily identified by physical features, body shape, and skin and hair coloring.

2. Native Americans are alcoholics.

3. Native Americans don’t pay taxes.

4. There are over 700 tribes and over 200 languages currently.

5. Native Americans have the highest percentage (per capita) of people with disabilities.

6. All Tribes have seen a 50% increase in income/benefits due to casino revenue.

7. Around half of all Native Americans receive their H.S. diploma.

8. Native Americans learn and communicate differently.

9. All Native American people receive monthly or annual U.S. government checks.

10. 75% of all Native Americans reside on reservations.

MYTHS QUIZ

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Members of Tribal Nations prefer to be identified as:

a.) Native Americanb.) American Indiansc.) Indigenous people of the Americasd.) First Americans/First Nationse.) All of the abovef.) None of the above

2. Native Americans were “permitted” to practice their spiritual ceremonies and belief system when:

a.) Indian Religion Treaty of 1887 was signed.b.) American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1932 was enacted.c.) American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978 was enacted.d.) Native Americans have always been free to practice spiritual life style.

The top ten reservations with the

largest number of American Indians

1. Navajo (AZ, NM, UT)2. Pine Ridge (SD)3. Fort Apache (AZ)4. Gila River (AZ)5. Tohono O’odaham6. Rosebud (SD)7. San Carlos (AZ)8. Zuni Pueblo (NM)9. Hopi (AZ)10. Blackfeet (Montana)

Top ten states with theHighest American Indian

Population

1. Oklahoma 252,4202. California 242,1643. Arizona 203,5274. New Mexico 134,3555. Alaska 85,6986. Washington 81,4837. North Carolina 80,1558. Texas 65,8779. New York 62,65110.Michigan 55,638

StatisticsStatistics

American Indians have highest poverty rate in the U.S.American Indians have highest poverty rate in the U.S. Twice as likely to be unemployed as general populationTwice as likely to be unemployed as general population Males nearly 3 times rate unemployedMales nearly 3 times rate unemployed Females more than 2 times rate unemployedFemales more than 2 times rate unemployed Twice as likely to live in poverty as general Twice as likely to live in poverty as general

population;population; 3 times as likely as Euro American population3 times as likely as Euro American population

DependencyDependency

Alcoholism death rate AIAN populations (for 15-24 year olds is 17 times the national average

By age 12 prevalence rates for almost every substance are higher for AIAN youth

Nearly one in 5 Indian youth are involved with drugs to an extent that represents a serious danger to themselves

Suicide and ViolenceSuicide and Violence

Average suicide rate for AIAN is 70% greater than Average suicide rate for AIAN is 70% greater than general populationgeneral population

Suicide and homicide are are the 2nd and 3rd leading Suicide and homicide are are the 2nd and 3rd leading causes of death for Indian youth 15-24causes of death for Indian youth 15-24

Violent crime average (per 1,000): AIAN (124), Euro Violent crime average (per 1,000): AIAN (124), Euro American (49) African American (61), Asian (29)American (49) African American (61), Asian (29)

70% of crimes against AIAN committed by different race70% of crimes against AIAN committed by different race 70% of AIAN convicted of a violent crime were under the 70% of AIAN convicted of a violent crime were under the

influenceinfluence

OppressionOppression Unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power Unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power Removal - must remove population to acquire landRemoval - must remove population to acquire land Treaties - most were broken by U.S. governmentTreaties - most were broken by U.S. government Reservations - originally concentration campsReservations - originally concentration camps Forced religion - AI Religious Freedom Act of 1978Forced religion - AI Religious Freedom Act of 1978 Boarding schools - Take the Indian out of the childBoarding schools - Take the Indian out of the child Allotment Act - “Indian Lands”Allotment Act - “Indian Lands” Relocation & Termination - 1950’s and 1960’sRelocation & Termination - 1950’s and 1960’s Assimilate - 1890-1990 Tribal to American cultureAssimilate - 1890-1990 Tribal to American culture The oppressed will oppress themselves (scouts, current)The oppressed will oppress themselves (scouts, current)

Definitions of Dysfunction Definitions of Dysfunction (see notes (see notes

below)below)

Impairment: An abnormality of structure or functionImpairment: An abnormality of structure or function• The impairment may be congenital (existing from The impairment may be congenital (existing from

birth) or acquired after birthbirth) or acquired after birth• It can be caused by prenatal or postnatal genetic It can be caused by prenatal or postnatal genetic

factors, disease, accident, injury, trauma, drugs, factors, disease, accident, injury, trauma, drugs, age, noise, anoxia, malformations, etcage, noise, anoxia, malformations, etc

DisabilityDisability: : Functional consequence of the impairmentFunctional consequence of the impairment• Physical and/or mental functional consequences Physical and/or mental functional consequences

that limits an individual from performing a given that limits an individual from performing a given task or activitytask or activity

Definitions of Dysfunction Definitions of Dysfunction (see notes (see notes

below)below)

Handicap: Social consequence of the impairmentHandicap: Social consequence of the impairment• Isolation, loss of job, poor social/communication Isolation, loss of job, poor social/communication

skillsskills

* Terms introduced by World Health Organization* Terms introduced by World Health Organization

NOTE:Handicap: is a term originating from England

referring to people with disabilities thatwould beg in the streets with their caps in hand. Not a positive reference.

5 Factors5 Factors

Current research indicates that there are five Current research indicates that there are five primary contributors to disparities in health primary contributors to disparities in health status and outcomes for Native Americans. status and outcomes for Native Americans.

It must be observed that these factors It must be observed that these factors are not beyond the influence of racial bias and are not beyond the influence of racial bias and discrimination, either systemic or individual. discrimination, either systemic or individual.

5 Factors5 Factors

The five factors include: The five factors include: 1.1. Poor access to health insurance, including Poor access to health insurance, including

Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance. Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance.

2.2. Insufficient federal funding. Insufficient federal funding.

3.3. Quality of care issues. Quality of care issues.

4.4. Limited access to appropriate health facilities. Limited access to appropriate health facilities.

5.5. Disproportionate poverty and poor education.Disproportionate poverty and poor education.

Colonialism, Genocide, Colonialism, Genocide, Holocaust?Holocaust?

14921492 Tribal Members Tribal Members 20,000,000 20,000,000 Indian land 100%Indian land 100%

1492-18901492-1890 Indian WarsIndian Wars RevolutionRevolution Civil WarCivil War

18901890 Tribal Members Tribal Members

250,000250,000 Indian land 14%Indian land 14%

TodayToday Tribal Members Tribal Members

2,000,000 (+)2,000,000 (+) Indian land 4%Indian land 4%

Contemporary IssuesContemporary Issues

How is Indian Country today?How is Indian Country today?

Casino Revenue for Indian CountryCasino Revenue for Indian Country Cultural Diversity - Cultural Diversity - understanding/acceptanceunderstanding/acceptance

Education and Human ServicesEducation and Human Services Health and DisabilityHealth and Disability Reservation vs Urban Indian IssuesReservation vs Urban Indian Issues

Casino $$$Casino $$$

Casino $$$Casino $$$

Pine RidgePine Ridge

Pine Ridge Casino $$$Pine Ridge Casino $$$

Pine Ridge Casino $$$Pine Ridge Casino $$$

Pine Ridge & Scenic, SDPine Ridge & Scenic, SD

Wounded KneeWounded Knee

Wounded KneeWounded Knee

Pine RidgePine Ridge