Parkinson disease

Parkinson

ByMintGamGapWarmMix

Substantia Nigra

Brain structure Located in the mesencephalon (midbrain)

It is part of the basal ganglia.

Importance role:

movement

Subsaintia Nigra

Substantia Nigra

Functions:Controls Voluntary Movement

Produces the Neurotransmitter Dopamine

Regulates Mood

Subsaintia nigra

Dopamine

Hormone and neurotransmitter of the catecholamine and Phenethylamine families

A chemical released from nerve cells to communicate to other nerve cells in our body.

Helps to control our body and emotion

Dopamine

Functions as a neurotransmitter

Main function:

inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary.

Other Functions: behavior and cognition, voluntary movement, motivation, punishment and reward, sleep, mood, attention, working memory, and learning.

Neurons that produces dopamine in substancia nigra stop functioning.

The brain is unable to control patient’s movement, including automatic pilot, and emotion.

MAJOR CAUSE

Patients will have problems Standing straight

Walking

Writing

Grabbing objects

Speaking

Mood

Behavior

Sleep diffi culty

Hallucinations

MAJOR CAUSE

Alternative causesSome drugs such as antipsychotics for paranoia and schizophrenia can cause patients other sickness such as Shy-Danger syndrome, blood vessel disorders

Environmental factors are not confirmed that they take important roll of PD, but scientists suggested that rural livings that have a problem of drinking water, manganese, and pesticides are the main cause of PD.

SYMPTOMS

Complications of PDSuffer from schizophrenia and some personality disorders.

Patients’ appearances became worse when they can’t stand up straight for a long time.

SYMPTOMS

Genetic inheritancePD rarely makes patient’s child suffer from PD by his/her own parents.

Some genes of PD is autosomal dominant, some are recessive.

Inheritance of PD rarely occurs from parent to child.

Even if it happens, recessive genes will not show unless 2 genes of both parents are both affected.

And PD diseased genes are also really hard to develop, so PD has a very small chance of inheriting from parent to child.

SYMPTOMS

In 1991 when Michael J. Fox working on Doc Hollywood, he notice in his left little finger was tremor and that is first time diagnosis will be Parkinson’s

Symptom : His entire left side tremor

MICHALE J. FOX

MICHALE J. FOXHe took Sinemet (levodopa-carbidopa medicine combination) to make him move smoothly again. 

Levodapa pretends to work as dopamine. 

Corbidopa works like a guard of levodopa and prevents it to break down during transportation. 

He also had a brain surgery to take out tremors because the cells that originally produces dopamine died.

MICHALE J. FOX

1991 first diagnose with Parkinson’s (left little finger twitch)

1999: Announce to battle Parkinson

2001: Start cure for Parkinson

2010: brain surgery

• Improved• ways to do rehabilitation

• psychological interventions

• Increased understanding• Genetic factors

• Relationship between genes and environment

• nerve growth factors and their role in PD

IMPORTANCE OF CONTINUING RESEARCH ON PD

http://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/

http://www.webmd.com/

http://www.medicinenet.com

https://www.michaeljfox.org

http://www.michaeljfoxdatabase.com/about-michael-j-fox-2/michael-j-fox-timeline/

http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/michael-j-fox--2

http://www.michaeljfoxdatabase.com/about-michael-j-fox-2/michael-j-fox-timeline/

http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/michael-j-fox--2

http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7579

REFERENCES