Needs Assessment for Communities Affected by Colonization Barrier Prepared by PARC 7/15/2003.

Needs Assessment for Needs Assessment for Communities Affected by Communities Affected by

Colonization Barrier Colonization Barrier

Prepared by PARCPrepared by PARC

7/15/2003 7/15/2003

Source of Facts, Maps and Numbers Source of Facts, Maps and Numbers

Local Communities is Wall Locations, Field Local Communities is Wall Locations, Field Visits July 2001 – April 2003. Visits July 2001 – April 2003.

PARC – Needs Assessment Study, Feb 2003.PARC – Needs Assessment Study, Feb 2003. Arij – The Wall Report, March 2003 Arij – The Wall Report, March 2003 B’Tsalem – Behind The Barrier, April 2003 B’Tsalem – Behind The Barrier, April 2003 Negotiations Support Unit – NSU, Fact Sheets Negotiations Support Unit – NSU, Fact Sheets

and Maps – April 2003 and Maps – April 2003

Background Background

On 14 of April 2001, the government of Israel decided to erect On 14 of April 2001, the government of Israel decided to erect a separation Barrier near the Green Line. a separation Barrier near the Green Line.

The government decided that the barrier will be built around The government decided that the barrier will be built around the entire West Bank; however, the entire West Bank; however,

The government has directed the construction of only 190 km. The government has directed the construction of only 190 km. 145 km (Stage I) are to be operational by July 2003.145 km (Stage I) are to be operational by July 2003.

The Actual construction began on 23 June 2002 near the The Actual construction began on 23 June 2002 near the village of Salem. village of Salem.

Purpose of the Barrier Purpose of the Barrier Control of the wealthiest agricultural land to increase Control of the wealthiest agricultural land to increase

the area available for the development and growth of the area available for the development and growth of settlements. settlements.

Develop eastern settlements into safe suburbs for Develop eastern settlements into safe suburbs for Israeli cities Israeli cities

Control of Water resources in the eastern and western Control of Water resources in the eastern and western slops of the West Bank slops of the West Bank

Provide a linkage between the green line and the Provide a linkage between the green line and the Jordan valleyJordan valley

Guarantee full control over eastern and western Guarantee full control over eastern and western security zonessecurity zones

Main Facts Main Facts

The Wall in Phase one will The Wall in Phase one will be 145 Km long. be 145 Km long.

125 km for the Districts of 125 km for the Districts of Jenin, Qalqilia and Tulkarem Jenin, Qalqilia and Tulkarem (11,400 Dunums)(11,400 Dunums)(From Zbuba to Masha) ; (From Zbuba to Masha) ;

and 20 km for the Jerusalem and 20 km for the Jerusalem envelope (Northern and envelope (Northern and southern regions only).southern regions only).

The Israeli plan calls for an The Israeli plan calls for an additional “depth barrier” to additional “depth barrier” to the east of the main barrier (a the east of the main barrier (a deep trench with barbed wire deep trench with barbed wire fence) fence)

Main Facts Main Facts

In some areas, the Barrier In some areas, the Barrier passes to a depth of six to passes to a depth of six to seven km within the West seven km within the West Bank. Bank.

The size of area between The size of area between the Green line and the the Green line and the barrier (phase 1) is 96,500 barrier (phase 1) is 96,500 dunums. dunums.

The area of 5 enclaves east The area of 5 enclaves east of the barrier contains of the barrier contains another 65,200 dunums. another 65,200 dunums.

The barrier will affect a The barrier will affect a total of 161,700 dunums total of 161,700 dunums (2.9%) of the West Bank. (2.9%) of the West Bank.

Settlements West of the Settlements West of the Barrier Barrier

There will also be 10 There will also be 10 settlements containing settlements containing 23,000 settlers on the 23,000 settlers on the western side of the barrier in western side of the barrier in the areas of Jenin, Tulkarem, the areas of Jenin, Tulkarem, and Qalqilia. and Qalqilia.

And a total of 13 settlements And a total of 13 settlements containing 173,000 settlers containing 173,000 settlers within the Jerusalem within the Jerusalem envelop. envelop.

The Main Problem: Economic and social The Main Problem: Economic and social crisis already exists prior to the construction crisis already exists prior to the construction

of The Wall of The Wall High Unemployment rates of 80% in locations near the High Unemployment rates of 80% in locations near the

Green Line. 30% higher than the other areas of the West Green Line. 30% higher than the other areas of the West Bank. Bank.

35,000 people living in 29 villages suffer from electricity 35,000 people living in 29 villages suffer from electricity problems. problems.

Only 5 locations out of the 52 target locations (104,000 Only 5 locations out of the 52 target locations (104,000 people) are connected the Israeli National Water people) are connected the Israeli National Water Network. Cost of water exceeds $2 per Cubic meter of Network. Cost of water exceeds $2 per Cubic meter of water water

Crowded Class roomsCrowded Class rooms Lack of appropriate health services Lack of appropriate health services

Main Facts Main Facts

The first phase of the Barrier will violate the rights of The first phase of the Barrier will violate the rights of 210,000210,000 Palestinian; Palestinian;

Who live in 65 villages and 2 main cities. Who live in 65 villages and 2 main cities. 1818 communities, home of communities, home of 11,70011,700 people, will be people, will be

completely isolated by the barrier west of the barrier. completely isolated by the barrier west of the barrier. 1919 communities, home of communities, home of 128,500128,500 people, will be people, will be

trapped by the depth barrier and the enclaves trapped by the depth barrier and the enclaves resulting from the winding route of the barrier resulting from the winding route of the barrier

The Construction of the Barrier is a The Construction of the Barrier is a direct Violation to Palestinian Rights direct Violation to Palestinian Rights The Barrier will violate the following basic human The Barrier will violate the following basic human

rights:rights: The right to freedom of movementThe right to freedom of movement The right to work and to an adequate standard of living The right to work and to an adequate standard of living The right to property The right to property The right to enjoy the highest attainable standard of mental The right to enjoy the highest attainable standard of mental

and physical health. and physical health. The right to educationThe right to education

Some communities will be forced to relocate to other Some communities will be forced to relocate to other regions of the WB due to economic, social, and regions of the WB due to economic, social, and political hardships. political hardships.

The Affects of the Barrier on Water The Affects of the Barrier on Water Resources Resources

The Barrier and WaterThe Barrier and Water

The wall will isolate 31 The wall will isolate 31 artesian wells artesian wells

These wells are owned by These wells are owned by 636 families and provide 636 families and provide thousands of people with thousands of people with water for farming and water for farming and household use. household use.

These 31 wells pump These 31 wells pump approximately 3.8 million approximately 3.8 million cubic meters of water.cubic meters of water.

Source: ARIJ, Water & Environment Research Unit, 2003

Affects on Agriculture Affects on Agriculture

Main Facts Main Facts

Farming is a major source of income for the Farming is a major source of income for the communities affected by the barrier. communities affected by the barrier.

The percentage of land use for agriculture in target The percentage of land use for agriculture in target districts is districts is 50% in Jenin 50% in Jenin 58% in Tulkarem 58% in Tulkarem 46% in Qalqilia46% in Qalqilia Compared with 24% in the rest of the West Bank Compared with 24% in the rest of the West Bank The dunum yields $442 in target locations compared with The dunum yields $442 in target locations compared with

$350 in West Bank. $350 in West Bank.

National Impacts:

Rural PalestinianPotential

Damages Damages

The Construction of the Wall has uprooted 83,000 The Construction of the Wall has uprooted 83,000 trees (mostly aging Roman Olive trees);trees (mostly aging Roman Olive trees);

Destroyed 35,000 meters of irrigation networks;Destroyed 35,000 meters of irrigation networks; Damaged 11,400 dunums of agricultural land. Damaged 11,400 dunums of agricultural land. 280 demolition orders have been issued. 280 demolition orders have been issued. These numbers are expected to triple by the time the These numbers are expected to triple by the time the

barrier is complete in all its phases.barrier is complete in all its phases.

Main Facts Main Facts

22100 people (3173 families) who live east of the 22100 people (3173 families) who live east of the Barrier will lose 52,154 dunums of their land west of Barrier will lose 52,154 dunums of their land west of the barrier. the barrier.

This land provides employment opportunities to This land provides employment opportunities to 6,500 people. 6,500 people.

Produces: Produces: 2,200 tons of olive oil 2,200 tons of olive oil 50,000 tons of fruits 50,000 tons of fruits 100,000 tons of vegetables 100,000 tons of vegetables Fodder for 10,000 sheep Fodder for 10,000 sheep

Employment Opportunities in Employment Opportunities in Relationship to LandRelationship to Land

Each dunums of green house provides at least (1) employment Each dunums of green house provides at least (1) employment opportunity,opportunity,

Each 10 dunums of irrigated trees provide at least (1) Each 10 dunums of irrigated trees provide at least (1) employment opportunity,employment opportunity,

Each 200 dunums of grains provide at least (1) employment Each 200 dunums of grains provide at least (1) employment opportunity,opportunity,

100 dunums of olive trees provide at least (1) employment 100 dunums of olive trees provide at least (1) employment opportunity.opportunity.

Therefore, aside from land owners, 6,500 people and their Therefore, aside from land owners, 6,500 people and their 35,000 family members are directly facing the possibility of 35,000 family members are directly facing the possibility of losing their employment as a result of the Wall.losing their employment as a result of the Wall.

General Feeling Among Farmers General Feeling Among Farmers

Farmers are becoming very skeptical about ever Farmers are becoming very skeptical about ever reaching their lands in the future and after the wall is reaching their lands in the future and after the wall is complete. complete.

This feeling of fear and uncertainty is negatively This feeling of fear and uncertainty is negatively effecting the amount of time and resources farmers are effecting the amount of time and resources farmers are investing in their lands near the wall area or west of the investing in their lands near the wall area or west of the Wall. Wall.

Palestinian Experience in Al-Mawasi area in Southern Palestinian Experience in Al-Mawasi area in Southern Gaza. (enclave of 5000 residents) Gaza. (enclave of 5000 residents)

Gates in the Barrier Gates in the Barrier

There will be a total of 31 Gates in the Wall area There will be a total of 31 Gates in the Wall area 5 main gates 5 main gates 26 Agricultural gates26 Agricultural gates

Farmers will be required to obtain special permits to Farmers will be required to obtain special permits to pass through gates. pass through gates.

The State promised that laborers and suitable The State promised that laborers and suitable equipment will be allowed to pass through the gates. equipment will be allowed to pass through the gates.

The head of the Seam area administration declared The head of the Seam area administration declared that the 2003 budget doesn’t allocate sufficient funds that the 2003 budget doesn’t allocate sufficient funds to erect the 5 main gates. (Ha’aretz 31Oct 2002)to erect the 5 main gates. (Ha’aretz 31Oct 2002)

Danger Facing Agricultural Land Danger Facing Agricultural Land West of the Wall West of the Wall

According to Israeli laws:According to Israeli laws:

Land not reached and not developed by Land not reached and not developed by Palestinian can be legally confiscated by Palestinian can be legally confiscated by Israeli government. Israeli government.

Land surrounding the barrier will face this fate Land surrounding the barrier will face this fate if not reached or developed by farmers if not reached or developed by farmers

PARC’s Activities in locations PARC’s Activities in locations affected by Barrier affected by Barrier

Assist farmers in affected by the barrier to organize into 21 Assist farmers in affected by the barrier to organize into 21 committees that can: committees that can: Document the damages resulting from construction of Barrier Document the damages resulting from construction of Barrier Take joint legal and other advocacy activities against the wall. Take joint legal and other advocacy activities against the wall. Supervise the Implementation of agricultural projects in their villages.Supervise the Implementation of agricultural projects in their villages.

Organize 45 tours for foreign officials, journalists, and solidarity Organize 45 tours for foreign officials, journalists, and solidarity groups to “Barrier” groups to “Barrier”

Conduct 17 presentations locally and abroad to increase people Conduct 17 presentations locally and abroad to increase people awareness about the dreadful affects of the “Barrier”. awareness about the dreadful affects of the “Barrier”.

Conduct a needs assessment study for 52 locations affected by Conduct a needs assessment study for 52 locations affected by “barrier” “barrier”

Implement emergency projects to repair the Water pipelines Implement emergency projects to repair the Water pipelines damaged by the construction of the Barrier in Tulkarem and Qalqilia damaged by the construction of the Barrier in Tulkarem and Qalqilia

Implement emergency projects to replant 954 uprooted olive trees in Implement emergency projects to replant 954 uprooted olive trees in Qalqilia Qalqilia

Proposed Intervention by PARC Proposed Intervention by PARC

PARC proposes an intervention that will support the farmers PARC proposes an intervention that will support the farmers who work in the isolated lands between the Wall and the green who work in the isolated lands between the Wall and the green line through implementing the following strategies:line through implementing the following strategies: Providing material support to farmers to guarantee the Providing material support to farmers to guarantee the

sustainable development of their lands. sustainable development of their lands. Supporting farmers legally in order to guarantee them secure and Supporting farmers legally in order to guarantee them secure and

lasting access to their lands west of the Wall. lasting access to their lands west of the Wall. Supporting farmers through the marketing of their Olive oil. Supporting farmers through the marketing of their Olive oil. Developing the agricultural infrastructure of the lands west of Developing the agricultural infrastructure of the lands west of

the wall through mobilizing farmers into groups the wall through mobilizing farmers into groups

Proposed Proposed Activities Activities

Supporting farmers with the Supporting farmers with the cost of production inputs cost of production inputs

Priority Projects for the Priority Projects for the Next Six Months Next Six Months

First: Creating a model for farmers West of First: Creating a model for farmers West of the Wall.the Wall. Farmers have already bought and designed a number of tents Farmers have already bought and designed a number of tents with the help of PARC. They still need with the help of PARC. They still need $16,000$16,000 to prepare the to prepare the site, buy electrical generators, food units, and lavatories. site, buy electrical generators, food units, and lavatories.

Second: Provide farmers with subsides to Second: Provide farmers with subsides to reestablish their green houses west of the reestablish their green houses west of the Wall.Wall. Community contributionCommunity contribution == $600000$600000

Subsidy contribution Subsidy contribution == $600000$600000

Extension costs Extension costs == $42000$42000

Administrative costs Administrative costs == $90000$90000

Total cost Total cost = = 732,000732,000

Priority Projects for the Priority Projects for the Next Six MonthsNext Six Months

Third: Developing water Third: Developing water infrastructure in Wall areasinfrastructure in Wall areas

--Maintenance of 10 Wells and pumping motorsMaintenance of 10 Wells and pumping motors = $120,000= $120,000-20% of the cost of fuel for pumping water -20% of the cost of fuel for pumping water = $97,200 = $97,200 -Water pipelines-Water pipelines = $100,000= $100,000-Pipeline installation -Pipeline installation = $40,000= $40,000-Total cost of pipelines -Total cost of pipelines = $140,000= $140,000-Extension -Extension = $25,000= $25,000-Administrative Cost -Administrative Cost = $20,000= $20,000-Total cost of Activity -Total cost of Activity = $402,200= $402,200

Priority Projects for the Priority Projects for the Next Six MonthsNext Six Months

Fourth: Animal Wealth projects in areas Fourth: Animal Wealth projects in areas west of the Wallwest of the Wall -Cost of Sheep = 5 sheep x 750 families x 350-Cost of Sheep = 5 sheep x 750 families x 350 = $1,312,500= $1,312,500

-Veterinary care -Veterinary care = $13 x 3750 sheep = $13 x 3750 sheep = 48,750 = 48,750

-Beginning feed -Beginning feed = $7500= $7500

-Extension -Extension = $95,812= $95,812

-Administrative costs-Administrative costs = $109,500 = $109,500

-Total project cost -Total project cost = $ 1,574,062= $ 1,574,062

Fifth: Legal Costs:Fifth: Legal Costs: Provide legal support: appoint a lawyer for the period of two Provide legal support: appoint a lawyer for the period of two years. Cover legal costs of cases brought to court that are years. Cover legal costs of cases brought to court that are expected to exceed 100 cases. = $400,000expected to exceed 100 cases. = $400,000

Priority Projects for the Priority Projects for the Next Six MonthsNext Six Months

Sixth: Emergency intervention in Wall areas Sixth: Emergency intervention in Wall areas in case of a War. in case of a War.

52 locations x 600 people x $30 = $936,00052 locations x 600 people x $30 = $936,000

Seventh: Capacity Building grants for Active Seventh: Capacity Building grants for Active grassroots in target locations to assist them grassroots in target locations to assist them in providing development and emergency in providing development and emergency services for local communitiesservices for local communities

40 Grassroots x $10,000 = $400,00040 Grassroots x $10,000 = $400,000

Implementation Implementation Methodology Methodology

The project will be implemented The project will be implemented directly by local committees, and directly by local committees, and farmers groups in the targeted farmers groups in the targeted locations and through coordination locations and through coordination with PARC, and other international with PARC, and other international and local organizations. and local organizations.

Project ImplementationProject Implementation

The project will be implemented The project will be implemented directly by local committees, and directly by local committees, and farmers groups in the targeted farmers groups in the targeted locations and through coordination locations and through coordination with PARC, and other international with PARC, and other international and local organizations. and local organizations.

Other Long-term Other Long-term Projects Projects

To be implemented after the To be implemented after the success of the above projects and success of the above projects and

the development of the local the development of the local grassroots grassroots

1.1. Conduct Workshops: 5 awareness Conduct Workshops: 5 awareness workshops for dealing with agricultural workshops for dealing with agricultural issues, legal aspects of the wall, Capacity issues, legal aspects of the wall, Capacity building of farmer grassroots, and building building of farmer grassroots, and building leadership skills among farmers and leadership skills among farmers and women.women.

6,0006,000

2.2. Conduct training: 10 training sessions to Conduct training: 10 training sessions to train 200 farmers in beekeeping.train 200 farmers in beekeeping.

20,00020,000

3.3. Provide legal support: appoint a lawyer for Provide legal support: appoint a lawyer for the period of two years. Cover legal costs of the period of two years. Cover legal costs of cases brought to court that are expected to cases brought to court that are expected to exceed 100 cases.exceed 100 cases.

400,000400,000

4.4. Establish regional farmers’ markets: 3 Establish regional farmers’ markets: 3 markets for the sale of fruits and vegetables markets for the sale of fruits and vegetables in the Qalqilia, Jenin and Sha’rawiyeh in the Qalqilia, Jenin and Sha’rawiyeh regions.regions.

150,000150,000

5.5. Almonds Project: set up a project to grow Almonds Project: set up a project to grow almonds in rocky areas to reclaim unused almonds in rocky areas to reclaim unused land with an area of 100 Km land with an area of 100 Km 22..

1,000,001,000,0000

6.6. Support infrastructure projects: community Support infrastructure projects: community centers, schools, water and irrigation centers, schools, water and irrigation systems, youth centers…etc.systems, youth centers…etc.

2,000,002,000,0000

7.7. Establish in cooperation with farmers’ Establish in cooperation with farmers’ grassroots purchasing and sale centers to grassroots purchasing and sale centers to reduce the costs of inputs by 10-20%.reduce the costs of inputs by 10-20%.

1,000,001,000,0000

8.8. Establish women cooperatives: 50 Establish women cooperatives: 50 cooperatives for savings and credit, and the cooperatives for savings and credit, and the establishment of household economy establishment of household economy projects.projects.

100,000100,000

9.9. Introduce new crops in the land west of the Introduce new crops in the land west of the wall: Crops such as cherry tomatoes, wall: Crops such as cherry tomatoes, avocado, Brazilian figs, ascadenia, and avocado, Brazilian figs, ascadenia, and other types of crops that might grow in the other types of crops that might grow in the area.area.

500,000500,000

10.10.Provide mobile units and caravans: 200 Provide mobile units and caravans: 200 units that farmers can use to stay in their units that farmers can use to stay in their land west of the wall. land west of the wall.

1,000,001,000,0000