NASSCOM Engineering Summit 2013: The Future Planet is Smarter - Dr. Ramesh Gopinath, IBM Research - India

© 2013 IBM Corporation

The Future Planet is Smarter

Dr. Ramesh GopinathDirector, IBM Research - IndiaChief Technologist, IBM India/South-Asia


Something meaningful is happening…

The world is

SMALLER.

The world is

FLATTER.

The world is getting a whole lot

SMARTER.


Our world is becoming

INSTRUMENTED

Our world is becoming

INTERCONNECTED

Virtually all things, processes and waysof working are becoming

INTELLIGENT

+

+

© 2013 IBM Corporation4

We now have the ability to measure, sense and monitor the condition of almost everything.

4

There are more than 1 billion camera phones in existence today.

>1 billionBy 2015, 35 billion RFID tags will be embedded into our world and across entire ecosystems.

35 billionNearly 85% of new automobiles contain event data recorders.

85%

Instrumented Interconnected Intelligent


People, systems and objects can communicate and interact with each other in entirely new ways.

5

There are an estimated 2 billion people on the internet.

2 billionThere are an estimated 4 billion mobile phone subscribers worldwide.

4 billionSoon, there will be 1 trillion connected devices in the world, constituting an “internet of things.”

1 trillion



We can now respond to changes quickly and accurately, and get better results by predicting and optimizing for future events.

6

Every day, 15 petabytes of new information are being generated. This is 8x more than the information in all U.S. libraries.

15 petabytesScientists are working to prevent influenza pandemics by modeling the viruses with a supercomputer that can operate at one petaflop, or one quadrillion operations per second.

1 petaflopNew analytics enable high-resolution weather forecasts for areas as fine as 1 to 2 square kilometers.

1 square kilometer



In the U.S., a typical carrot has traveled 1,600 miles, a potato 1,200 miles, a chuck roast 600 miles, while grocers and consumers throw away $48 billion worth of food every year.

In a small business district in L.A., searching for parking generated the equivalent of 38 trips around the world, burned 47,000 gallons of gas, emitted 730 tons of carbon dioxide.

In distributed computing environments 85% of computing capacity sits idle. On average, for every 100 units of energy piped into a data center, only 3 units are used for actual computing. More than half goes to cooling the servers.

In North America, up to 22 percent of total port volume is empty containers.


Making the Future Planet Smarter

8


Example 1: Cascaded Models powered by High Performance Computing

High ResolutionWeather Model (1.5kmx1.5km, 48 hours ahead)

HydrologicalModels

Regional Climate Model(10kmx10km, 6 months – 30 years)

VisualizationMobile (small), NMSC (large)

Crop Productivity

Urban Flood Impact

Long-term effects

Forest Impact (fires, Deforestation …)

Renewable Energy Forecasting

Environmental Sensing: Data

• High-Resolution • National Scale • Integrated


Shifting deferrable loads from peak to off-peak times reduces peak load significantly.

However coordinated time shifting of user loads requires a communication infrastructure - expensive to deploy.

Electric Power Consumption in Europe’s households

A significant proportion of loads are deferrable in modern households including washing machines, water heaters, phevs, which

contribute to peak demand.

Example 2: Smarter Energy


Distributed Micro-demand/response: nPlug

Frequency & Voltage Sensing

Adaptive Learning

Decentralized Scheduling

User Preferences

Addresses Peak Load & imbalances

Requires NO communication infrastructure NOR any changes to the appliance or grid. Simple and inexpensive for end consumer use. (Approximate cost $20 in small volumes)

Key Features

Smarter Energy


Greening the Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre (KBFSC)

• Located within the scientific zone of a primary rainforest reserve in Brunei, Borneo.

• KBFSC is a ecological biodiversity field site, visited by biologists from all over the world.

• Biologists stay from a week to three months.

• Has produced numerous doctoral theses.

• Getting to KBFSC involves a 30-150 min long boat ride (depending on water conditions).

• Diesel generator powered for 9-10 hrs a day.

• Although diesel is cheap in Brunei, bringing diesel to KBFSC is difficult and hard work

• Solar, wind, microhydel impractical as primary

• Improving energy availability while reducing diesel consumption a priority.

• KBFSC is a showcase for Smarter Energy (energy efficiency and conservation technologies)

In a valley with heavy foliage


Diesel Water Pump Pre-Filter Tank

Water Pump

Post-Filter Tank

Washing machine

Oven

Water heater

BEFORE

Diesel Generator

River


Wired Energy Meter

Solar Panel

DC Water Pump Pre-Filter Tank

Water Pump

Post-Filter Tank

Water Level Sense and Pump Control (TBD)

River

Pump Remote Power Switch

24x7 Power for Lights, Fans and Sockets

jPlug controlled Battery Charger

jPlug controlled Inverter

High Efficiency LED lighting

Solar Powered Motion Controlled LED Walkway lights

Smart Fan ControllerMicrogrid Energy

Management System

Diesel Generator

jPlug: WiFi energy meter and power switch

User scheduled appliances, jPlug enabled

Washing machine

Oven

Water heater

DG Controller(TBD)

WiFi Battery State of Charge Sensing

AFTER

Solar Panel

WiFi Network Server+Network Backup Power

Diesel Fuel Monitor


The ChallengeGlobally we face opportunities to more effectively manage our critical investments in education.

The Opportunity: Aligned Talent Management

Regionally networked, globally relevant K-12 and Higher Education institutions

Knowledge economy skills — new skills, new methods, new

technologies, industries

Economic sustainability —education aligned to future

workforce needs

The Challenge: Lack of coordination, integration or alignment

Student graduation rates below levels required by employers and regions

Mismatch in skills and talent global economic competitiveness

for regions and employers

Students Graduates Employees

Example 3: Smarter Education


The Education industry is experiencing a surge in demand in growth markets. Technology-driven learning experience is on the rise.

Coursera: 1.8M learners; 196 countries

Courses : 204 Universities : 34 Videos : 1200+

Content-interaction Assessment Social interaction

Founded: Fall ’11

Learning Management

Day-to-day student-teacher-content interaction data Content consumption patterns Peer interactions Formative assessments

Learners : 8M+ Countries : 20+ Institutions : 800+

96 Countries

24 Languages

74% Non USBrazil, India, Russia, ...

5%Completion

LMS provider8M+ learners

$80M VC fund

20M+ learners130K+ employers

Smart Content

12.5K Schools12M+ learners

Teaching/Learning85K Schools

Edu-Technology Companies


Smarter Education - Personalization

Improve student achievement Early detection of at-risk studentsDiscover intervention planIntervention & Remedial Case Management

Smart LearningContent

Personalizedlearning

Pathways

Learning Content

Repository

PETALS

Mobile Delivery (Cloud – Enabled)

Gaming & Simulation (HPC) for Education

Content +Intelligent Q&A

Consumable Rich - MediaContent Authoring and Indexing

Social Learning

Improve student engagement

Personalization-enabling learning content repository

IDEAL*

* IDEAL : IBM Digital Environment for Adaptive Learning

AMPLE


PETALS: Personalized Education ThroughAnalytics on Learning System

Predictive Analytics on learners Longitudinal data.Risk prediction, Student Stratification and

Personalized Intervention

EduPaL: Smarter Education Deliveryand Learning Analytics

mLearning Interaction analytics and smarter delivery.Feedback and content consumption Analytics,

Offline Educational access

IBM Research Technology & Solutions

Partners• PATHWAYS• EDUCOMP• ERNET (Govt. of India)

GCPS: PETALS approach to personalized education very well-received at Gwinett County Public School, USA and aligned with their roadmap

Initiatives & Engagements

EduPaL Field Trials in India:

IIT-Bombay – Android version of EduPal trialed from Aug to Oct 2013; 150 students; 1 FacultyGOA University – USB JAVA application of EduPaL trialed from Aug to Oct 2013; 60 students; 2 Faculty

EduPal Use Case: Explore Flip-the-classroom in instructor led blended learning scenariosField-trial Goals: Measure improvement in students learning outcomes and student engagement with EduPaL technology

Other Engagements: iCOS, Manipal Univ, Kasturi & Sons

Smarter Education


Watson Wins! Largest Jeopardy! in 5 years

34.5M Jeopardy! Viewers 1.3B+ Impressions

Over 10,000 Media Stories 11,000 attend watch events 2.5M+ Videos Views (top 10

only) 10,897 Twitter 23,647 Facebook Fans

On February 14, 2011, IBM Watson changed history introducing a system that rivaled a human’s ability to answer questions posed in natural language with speed, accuracy and confidence.

Cognitive Computing – A New Era of Computing


Understands natural language and human communication

Adapts and learns from user selections and responses

Generates and evaluates evidence-based hypothesis

…built on a massively parallel architecture optimized for IBM POWER7

IBM Watson combines transformational technologies

1

2

3

Cognitive Computing


Watson enables three classes of cognitive services

Decide

Ask

Discover

• Absorb and leverage incredibly vast amounts of data

• Ask nuanced questions for greater insights

• Understand questions in our natural language

• Find deep rationale for given answers

• Request additional information to improve responses

• Move from basic search to Discovery

• Ingest and analyze domain sources

• Generate evidence-based decisions with confidence

• Learn with each new action and outcome

Cognitive Computing


Contact Centers

Healthcare Financial Services

Government

Diagnostic/treatment assistance, evidenced-based insights, collaborative medicine

Investment and retirement planning, institutional trading and decision support

Call center and tech support, enterprise knowledge management, consumer insight

Public safety, improved information sharing, security

From battling humans at Jeopardy! to transforming how a business thinks, acts, and operates

Cognitive Computing


Employers

Medical devices and diagnostics

Health plans

Education

Public health

Social programs

Hospitals

Home health agencies

Physicians, nurses and

practitioners

Therapists

NGOs

Bio-pharmaceuticalsFamily

Individual

Governments

The Watson for Healthcare EcosystemCognitive Computing – Smarter Healthcare


Traditional approaches to engaging with customers come up short

270BCalls made

annually to call center costing

$600B

1 in 2 incoming calls

require escalation or go

unresolved

61%of all calls could

have been resolved with

better access to information

4.6%Market value gain from a single point

customer sat gain

Smarter Customer Engagement


IBM Watson Engagement Advisor

What it does:

Transforms client engagement by knowing, engaging and empowering clients where they are

Develops client relationships by reaching out to clients who do not leverage traditional channels

Empowers consumers and contact center agents to take informed action with confidence

How it does it:

Answers questions and guides users through processes with plain-English dialogue

Leverages natural language to interact with users and build knowledge and expertise

Utilizes evidence evaluation and learning to provide informed and effective responses to users


The Right People, with the Right Skills, doing the Right Job, with the Right Incentives, and the Right Network

SeatsPlanning

Resource Deployment

Flexible Staffing

PredictiveHiring

Analytics

PredictiveComp.

Analytics

Staffability Risk

Assessment

IncentivesFor

Expertsourcing

Improve hiringquality and onboarding yields

Effectively deploy comp. and retentionInvestments

Assess and mitigaterisk of staffing of deals in pipeline

Incentive mechanism for engaging experts on social engagement platforms

Optimally assignpractitioners toopen seats

Skills

People

Jobs

Incentives Networ

k

Optimally assignseats to delivery schedule tomaximize seat utilization

Optimally mix regularand flex-hour agents to practitioners to maximize occupancy whilemeeting daily delivery SLA’s

Smarter Workforce


Smarter Retail

Delivering a smarter shopping experience.

Developing smarter merchandising and supply chains.

Building smarter operations.

Co-op Group UK: Deployed energy efficient point- of-sale that automatically powers down after end of day processing, resulting in savings of 1.68 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year and 120K GPB in annual savings.

Max Bahr: Built a dynamic system that helps to determine optimal inventory levels based on inventory constraints, demand patterns and customer service levels.

Carrefour: Implemented a groundbreaking in-store promotion system across its supermarket and hypermarket stores that enables the planning and execution of targeted campaigns to achieve enhanced customer loyalty.


Smarter Oil and Gas

Enhancing exploration and production.

Improving asset management.

Optimizing global operations.

HPCL: Deploying RFID for tracking LPG cylinders to automate the bottling and distribution process while also monitoring end-to-end asset movements for safety and supply chain optimization benefits.

International Oil Company: Implementing capability to visualize their entire operation, call and retrieve information about production effortlessly and seamlessly, and collaborate with effectiveness and consistency across the entire enterprise.

Statoil: Links advanced real-time sensing capabilities in the field to collaborate and analyze resources across the enterprise for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOH) resulting in significant increased production and improved operational efficiency at reduced cost.


Smarter Cities

Smarter Transportation

Smarter Utilities

Smarter Public Safety

Stockholm implemented an intelligent toll system in the city center, which resulted in 20% less traffic, 40% lower emissions and 40,000 additional users of the public transportation system.

DONG Energy in Denmark installed monitoring devices across their distribution network. The increased insight into the grid’s performance will potentially lessen outage times by up to 50% and reduce maintenance investments by up to 90%.

The NYPD Crime Information Warehouse gives officers mobile access to more than 120 million criminal complaints, arrests and 911 records, as well as 5 million criminal records, parole files and photographs—resulting in a 27% reduction in crime.


Transforming City Operations – Rio De Janeiro

Initial focus – Prevent Deaths from annual flooding

Expanded to manage emergency response situations

Analyses weather, energy, building, transportation and water data in real time

Nationwide adoption in advance of olympics and world cup

Increasing efficiency in resource deployment, expanding early warningsto 48 hours, and coordinating all agencies in response


Smarter Planet in India

IBM Confidential31

India-based CSP uses analytics to predict revenue and negotiate the best billing rates for mobile agreements with other providers

USD400,000 saved by providing insight into the profitability of agreements with other CSPs

Smarter Communications

Business Challenge: To provide mobile phone service seamlessly to its customers across India, this communications service provider (CSP) signed inter-circle roaming (ICR) agreements with two other CSPs. These agreements required complex billing processes that its existing systems could not manage.

The Smarter Solution: The CSP has implemented an advanced billing and analytics platform that provides 360-degree visibility into predicted revenue for each agreement. It can now negotiate the agreements with greater insight into revenue-generation capacity, allowing it to set the best billing rates based on parameters such as location type, population and subscriber density.

“Timely analysis of the ICR billing agreements ensures that our customers get the highest level of service at the best rate, whether on our network or another.”—Business manager

99% accuracyof billing statements reconciledin near-real time

Improved serviceand customer satisfaction with more accurate and timely billing

A global bank based in India uses predictive modeling to proactivelymanage risk

92% shorter timeto produce risk-profile reports

Smarter Banking

Business Challenge: The bank’s homegrown risk analysis solution could no longer handle the increased complexity and transaction volumes involved in managing risk for the bank, nor did it comply with Basel II recommendations.

The Smarter Solution: An integrated risk modeling and predictive analytics solution analyzes both historical and current customer data to enable the bank to identify trends and patterns that indicate credit worthiness and risk. These patterns can be captured and used to create different customer segments, allowing the bank to target them with up-sell and cross-sell offers. The analytics engine constantly refines the data models to improve the solution’s predictive analytics and comprehensive scripting capabilities.

“The bank now has an effective, efficient decision-support tool for assessing customer risk and evaluating our overall portfolio risk.”—Deputy general manager, data warehouse team

80% increasein sales team productivity from new customer segmentation

Near-real-timeresults from customer risk analysis


Building a smarter planet

Let's work together to drive real progress in our world.

We’ve only just begun to uncover what is possible on a smarter planet.

The world will continue to become smaller, flatter and smarter. We are moving into the age of the globally integrated and intelligent economy, society and planet.


Backup


Framework, partners and projects IBM's Smarter Education Projects:

Community College of Rhode Island

Combining ConnectEDU and IBM's Predictive Analytics to keep students on track to graduate

Gwinnett County Public Schools

Adopted IBM's Smarter Education framework to integrate advanced analytics with curricular and student achievement systems

Assessment

Professional Learning

Learning Resources

Curriculum

Mobility

SocialLearning

AcademicPlanning

Post-secondaryPathways

Financial Aid

Tools

ePortfolioand

Resume

CareerPlanning

CareerPlacement

Post-secondaryReadiness

InstructionalEffectiveness

InstitutionalEffectiveness

CareerReadiness

Identity and Security

Data and Analytics

Access

Students andCitizens

Collaboration

Smarter Education


In Hamilton County, Tennessee’s Department of Education uses predictive analytics to improve student achievement.

8% increase

25% reduction

in the graduation rate to 80%,

Business problem: Students consistently scoring below state benchmarks on standardized tests; school system lacked detailed data to understand why.

Solution: Analytics and advanced modeling tools to help teachers, counselors and administrators better understand adverse patterns, how they develop and how to avoid them.

“Now everyone is looking at the data, and the results speak for themselves.”— Dr. Kirk Kelly, Director of Testing and Accountability, Hamilton County

In the annual dropout rate

Test scores were higher due to curriculum and teaching changes

The county achieved an

Smarter Education


American Public University is using analytics to identify the variables crucial to student retention, identifying at-risk students and building effective intervention strategies.

80% accuracyin identifying at-risk students with predictive analytics Business problem: American Public University System (APUS) is an online

university serving 70,000 distance learners from the U.S. and more than 100 countries. The university wanted to boost student retention and academic excellence by identifying the factors driving student behavior and predicting the likelihood of an individual student staying on course or dropping out.

Solution: IBM’s predictive analytics identifies the variables crucial to student retention and provided administrators with online dashboards to identify at-risk students and build intervention strategies, including better course designs, to keep students on track to graduation.

“By leveraging the power of predictive analytics, we can predict the probability that any given student will drop out.”

- Phil Ice, APUS’ director of course design, research and development.

The university created an early warning system with

Smarter Education


Roadmap for Education Transformation and Sustainability

1. Leverage data and analytics as a cornerstone of decision-making and insights for teaching faculty and administrators

2. Provide secure, authenticated access to collaboration and productivity tools for learners, teaching faculty, researchers and administrators

3. Enable mobility and pervasive access via an agile network infrastructure that supports institutionally and personally owned devices

4. Create a personalized learning environment built on a 21st century digital curriculum and tools, and individualized intervention plans for student achievement

5. Support students and employers succeed with workforce skills and post-secondary readiness that align with economic development goals

Smarter Education

Aligning education,employment and economic sustainability

Smarter Education

NASSCOM Engineering Summit 2013: The Future Planet is Smarter - Dr. Ramesh Gopinath, IBM Research - India

Technology

ibm corporation

ibm indiasouthasia

units of energy

world isflatter

water heaters

water conditions

happeningthe world issmaller

diesel consumption