Music of Cordillera Grade-7 1st Quarter.

Music of

Cordillera

Cordillera Administrative Region

Provinces

Capital

Abra Bangued

Apayao Kabugao

Benguet La Trinidad

Ifugao Lagawe

Kalinga Tabuk City

Mountain Province

Bontoc

CORDILLERAIt is the country's only land-locked region. It has a mountainous topography and dubbed as the "Watershed Cradle of North Luzon" as it hosts major rivers that provide continuous water for irrigation and energy for Northern Luzon.

Characteristics of Music of Cordillera1. Music is very much part of life and living2. Have a rich variety of songs and music performed on instruments3. Often performed in groups, all members of the community are welcome and encouraged to join the singing, dancing and playing of instruments4. Their music is communal and participatory

5. Songs are usually in unison of pentatonic melodies6. Music and other components of their culture are transferred from generation to generation through oral tradition.Oral tradition is cultural material and traditions transmitted orally from one generation to anotherOral may refer to speech communication as opposed to writing

(http://sppcfreshmen20112012.wordpress.com/2011/08/14/traditional-music-culture-from-north-the-cordillera-administrative-region-car/)

Important Activities Where Music is Utilized1. Peace pacts2. Healing rituals3. Invocation of the gods4. Rites of passage5. Weddings and festivals6. Other life cycle events such as birth,

coming of age, work, marriage and death

(http://sppcfreshmen20112012.wordpress.com/2011/08/14/traditional-music-culture-from-north-the-cordillera-administrative-region-car/)

Vocal MusicLife Cycle MusicBirth to Childhood• Owiwi- lullabye of Kalinga that relate a

child’s life• Dagdagay- song of Kalinga that foretells the

baby’s future.• Oppiya- kalinga song, sung while cradling Love, Courtship and Marriage• Chag-ay- an expression of secret love of

Bontoc.• Oggayan- greeting and advice to newly

weds of Kalinga.

Death Rite Music• Didiyaw- song to a dead child of Bontoc• Sangsangit- a dirge of Isneg.

Work or Occupational Song• Sowe-ey- Rice pounding song of Bontoc.• Dakuyon- kalinga song for hunting bats.• Dinaweg- Ilongot song for catching wild

boar.• Owayat- song for gathering firewood of

Ilongot.• Chey-assa- Bontoc rice pounding song sung

in a groups.

Ceremonial Music• Kapya- song of Bontoc for curing ceremonies.• Angba- song of Bontoc for curing

ceremonies.• Dawak- song of Ilongot for curing

ceremonies.

Entertainment Song• Hudhud- epic song of Ifugao, a leader

chorus style.• Alim- leader chorus style of music of Ifugao

where to groups of singers reply to 2 make leaders.

• Dang Dang-ay- Kalinga entertainment song

Hudhud- chanted epic poetry consisting of poems about heroism, honor, love and revenge. It is a long tale sung during special occasions. This particular long tale is sung during harvest. A favorite topic of the hudhud is a folk hero named Aliguyon, a brave warrior.

Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao

The hudhud is recited and chanted among the Ifugao people - known for their rice terraces - during the sowing and harvesting of rice, funeral wakes and other rituals. Estimated to have originated before the 7th century, the hudhud - comprised of some 40 episodes - often take three or four days to recite. The language of the chants, almost impossible to transcribe, is full of repetitions, synonyms, figurative terms and metaphors. Performed in a leader/chorus style, the reciter - often an elderly woman - occupies a key position in society. There is only one tune, common to the entire region, for all of the verses. Very few written examples of hudhud exist.

Threats: The conversion of the Ifugao to Catholicism weakened their traditional culture. The hudhud was linked to the manual harvesting of rice which is now mechanized. It has been replaced at funeral wakes by television and radio. Although the rice terraces are inscribed on the World Heritage List, the number of cultivators continues to decrease. The few people who know all the poems are very old, and young people are not interested in this tradition.

Hudhud hi Aliguyon( Ifugao )

Once upon a time, in a village called Hannanga, a boy was born to the couple named Amtalao and Dumulao. He was called Aliguyon.

He was an intelligent, eager young man who wanted to learn many things, and indeed, he learned many useful things, from the stories and teachings of his father. He learned how to fight well and chant a few magic spells. Even as a child, he was a leader, for the other children of his village looked up to him with awe.

Upon leaving childhood, Aliguyon betook himself to gather forces to fight against his father’s enemy, who wasPangaiwan of the village of Daligdigan.

But his challenge was not answered personally by Pangaiwan. Instead, he faced Pangaiwan’s fierce son, Pumbakhayon. Pumbakhayon was just as skilled in the arts of war and magic as Aliguyon. The two of them battled each other for three years, and neither of them showed signs of defeat.

The two of them battled each other for three years, and neither of them showed signs of defeat.

Their battle was a tedious one,and it has been said that they both used only one spear! Aliguyon had thrown a spear to his opponent at the start of their match, but the fair Pumbakhayon had caught it deftly with one hand. Andthen Pumbakhayon threw the spear back to Aliguyon, who picked it just as neatly from the air.

At length Aliguyon and Pumbakhayon came to respect each other, and then eventually they came to admire each other’s talents. Their fighting stopped suddenly. Between the two of them they drafted a peace treaty between Hannanga and Daligdigan, which their peoples readily agreed to. It was fine to behold two majestic warriors finally side by side.

Aliguyon and Pumbakhayon became good friends, as peace between their villages flourished. When the time came for Aliguyonto choose a mate, he chose Pumbakhayon’s youngest sister,Bugan, who was little more than a baby. He took Bugan into his household and cared for her until she grew to be most beautiful.

Pumbakhayon, in his turn, took for his wife Aliguyon’s younger sister, Aginaya. The two couples became wealthy and respected in all of Ifugao.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

1.Gangsa is a single hand-held smooth

surfaced gong with a narrow rim. A set of gangsa, which is played one gong per musician, consists of gangsa tuned to different notes, depending on regional or local cultural preferences.

Gangsa is played in two ways. One way is called "toppaya" and the other is called "pattung."

In "toppaya" style, the musicians play the surface of the gangsa with their hand while in a sitting position, with a single gangsa resting on the lap of each musician.

In the "pattung" style, a gangsa is suspended from the musician's left hand and played with a padded stick held in the musician's right hand. In the "pattung" style of playing, the players are standing, or they keep in step with the dancers while bending forward slightly.

2. Kalaleng or Tongali (nose flute) Because the kalaleng is long and has a narrow internal diameter, it is possible to play different harmonics through overblowing—even with the rather weak airflow from one nostril. Thus, this nose flute can play notes in a range of two and a half octaves. Finger holes in the side of the bamboo tube change the operating length, giving various scales. Players plug the other nostril to increase the force of their breath through the flute. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nose_flute)

3. Tongatong -is a bamboo percussion instrument used by the people of Kalinga to communicate with spirits during house blessings. It is made of bamboo cut in various lengths.

4. Diwdiw-as is 5 or more different size of slender bamboo that is tied together.

5.Saggeypo it is a bamboo pipe that is closed on one end by a node with the open end held against the lower lip of the player as he blows directly across the top. The pipe can be played individually by one person or in ensembles of three or more.

6. Solibao is hallow wooden Igorot drug topped with pig skin or lizard skin this is played by striking the drum head using the palm of the hand.

7. Bungkaka- bamboo buzzer of Kalinga.

8. Kullitong- polychordal bamboo tube zither of Kalinga

9. Ulibaw- bamboo Jew’s harp of Kalinga.( Called as Kubing among the among the Maguindanaon and other Muslim and non-Muslim tribes.)

10. Patangguk- bamboo quill-shaped

11. Pateteg- bamboo leg xylophone

12. Paldong- bamboo lip-valley

Hi! I’m ElmerThank you for

listening