Module science process skill

Disediakan oleh:MOHD KHAIRUL ABADI BIN PUTEHSMK RAJA JUMAAT71007 PORT DICKSON

Tema:

‘Bermekar dan Bertebarlah di Ujana RJ’

Module Mekar- Section A Science 1511 SPM

Chapter 3 : Heredity and VariationBab 3 : Keturunan dan Variasi

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1 The Form 4 Ibnu Sina carried out an experiment to study the variation of thumb prints. There are four groups of thumb prints ; arch, loop, whorl and composite. Figure 1 shows the thumb prints of 25 pupils from the class. Kelas 4 Ibnu Sina menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji variasi cap ibu jari. Terdapat empat kumpulan cap ibu jari iaitu lengkung, gelung, sepusar dan komposit. Rajah 1 menunjukkan cap ibu jari 25 orang murid dalam kelas tersebut.

Diagram 1Rajah 1

a) Based on Figure 1, determine the number of pupils in each group. Complete Table 1. Berdasarkan Rajah 1, tentukan bilangan murid bagi setiap kumpulan. Lengkapkan

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jadual 1

Group of thumb printKumpulan cap ibu jari

Arch Loop Composite Whorl Number of pupilsJumlah pelajar

Table 1Jadual 1

b) Based on the result in Table 1, draw a bar chart to show the number of pupils against the groups of thumb prints. Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 1, lukiskan carta bar yang menunjukkan bilangan murid melawan kumpulan cap ibu jari.

c) Write a conclusion on the type of variation based on the bar chart in (b). Tuliskan kesimpulan tentang jenis variasi berdasarkan carta bar di (b).

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2 Table 1 shows the height of 40 students in Form 5 Rajin.Jadual 1 menunjukkan ketinggian bagi 40 orang pelajar dalam Tingkatan 5 Rajin.

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Number of pupilsJumlah pelajar

10

8

6

4

2 Group of thumb printKumpulan cap ibu jari

Whorl Composite Loop Arch

Number of pupilsJumlah pelajar


156 149 153 160 152 151 153 150 163 165

166 155 159 159 157 155 159 163 152 160

157 158 157 165 154 162 162 159 158 157

163 159 159 169 164 163 152 156 160 158

Table 1Jadual 1

a) CompleteTable 2 based on data given.Lengkapkan Jadual 1berdasarkan data yang diberikan.

Height of studentsKetinggian pelajar (cm)

146-150 151-155 156-160 161-165 166-170

Number of studentsBilangan pelajar

Table 2Jadual 2

b) Construct a histogram for the number of student against the height of students. Lukiskan satu histogram bagi bilangan ketinggian pelajar-pelajar.


.......................................................................................................................................3 Table 3 shows type of blood group of 30 students in Form 3 Mutiara

Jadual 3 menunjukkan jenis kumpulan darah bagi 30 orang pelajar dalam Tingkatan 3

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Height of students/cmKetinggian pelajar/ cm

Number of studentsJumlah pelajar


Mutiara

A B B O AB B A AB A B

AB O O AB A A AB O AB O

O AB AB B B AB B A B AB

Table 3Jadual 3

a) CompleteTable 4 based on data given.Lengkapkan Jadual 4berdasarkan data yang diberikan.

Type of blood groupJenis kumpulan darah

A B AB O


Table 4Jadual 4

b) Construct a histogram for the number of student against the height of students. Lukiskan satu histogram bagi bilangan ketinggian pelajar-pelajar.


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4 The Form 4 Delima carried out an experiment to study the variation of earlobes. There are two types of earlobes ; free attached earlobes and attached earlobes. Figure 2 shows the

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Type of blood groupJenis kumpulan darah

Number of studentsJumlah pelajar


earlobes of 25 pupils from the class. Kelas 4 Delima menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji variasi bagi cuping telinga. Terdapat dua jenis cuping telinga iaitu bebas melekat dan melekat pada kepala. Rajah 2 menunjukkan cap ibu jari 25 orang murid dalam kelas tersebut.

Figure 2Rajah 2

a) Based on Figure 2, determine the number of students in each group. Complete Table 5. Berdasarkan Rajah 2, tentukan bilangan murid bagi setiap kumpulan. Lengkapkan

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jadual 5


Type of earlobesJenis cuping telinga

Table 5Jadual 5

b) Based on the result in Table 5, draw a bar chart to show the number of students against the type of earlobes. Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 1, lukiskan carta bar yang menunjukkan bilangan murid melawan kumpulan cap ibu jari.


.......................................................................................................................................Chapter 4 : Matter and SubstanceBab 4 : Jirim dan Bahan

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Number of studentsJumlah pelajar 10

8

6

4

2 Type of earlobesJenis cuping telinga

Free attached earlobeCuping telinga bebas

Attached earlobeCuping telinga melekat

Free attached earlobeCuping telinga bebas Attached earlobe

Cuping telinga melekat

12

14


1 The apparatus set-up shows in Diagram 1 was used to investigate the change of state of water. The experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 300C.Susunan radas yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1 digunakan untuk menyiasat satu proses perubahan keadaan air. Eksperimen tersebut dijalankan pada suhu bilik iaitu 300C.

Diagram 1Rajah 1

Table 1 shows the result of the experiment.Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.

Apparatus set-upSusunan radas

Temperature of water in the beaker (0C)Suhu air di dalam bikar (0C)

Amount of water droplets formed on the outer wall of the beakerJumlah titisan-titisan air yang terbentuk pada dinding luar bikar

Set A 30 None/Tiada

Set B 15 A lot/ Banyak

Table 1Jadual 1

a) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

b) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang

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Set A

Water dropletsTitisan-titisan air

Set B

50 cm3 of water50 cm3 air

ThermometerTermometer


(i) fixed:.......................................................................................................................dimalarkan

(ii) manipulated:............................................................................................................dimanipulasikan

(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................bergerak balas

c) State the observation based on the result of the experiment.Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan hasil keputusan eksperimen tersebut.

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d) Give one inference for the observation in Set BBerikan satu inferens untuk pemerhatian pada Set B

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e) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for condensationBerdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kondensasi.

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2 An experiment is carried out to determine the boiling point of a liquid. The temperature of the liquid is recorded every two minutes until it boils. Table 1 shows the result of the

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experiment.Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk menentukan takat didih suatu cecair. Suhu cecair itu direkodkan setiap dua minit sehingga mendidih. Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen

Time/minuteMasa/minit

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Temperature/oCSuhu/ oC

0 20 40 60 80 100 100

Table 1Jadual 1

a) Based on Table 1, draw a graph of temperature against time.Berdasarkan Jadual 1, lukiskan graf suhu melawan masa.

b) Based on the graph in 2 (a), state the relationship between the temperature of the liquid and time in the first 10 minutes.

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Time / minuteMasa / minit

Temperature /0C Suhu/0C

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

20

40

60

80

100


Berdasarkan graf di 2(a), nyatakan hubungan antara suhu cecair itu dengan masa dalam 10 minit pertama

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c) Determine the boiling point of the liquid from the graph.Tentukan takat didih cecair tersebut daripada graf.

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d) Predict the boiling point of the solution if common salt powder is added.Ramalkan takat didih larutan itu jika serbuk garam biasa ditambah.

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3 Diagram 2 (a) and (b) show an experiment carried out to study the electrical conductivity of copper (II) sulphate solution.Rajah 2 (a) dan (b) menunjukkan eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik bagi kuprum (II) sulfat.

Diagram 2Rajah 2

a) What is the reading of the ammeter in Diagram 2 (b)?Apakah bacaan ammeter dalam Rajah 2 (b)?

Ammeter in Diagram 2 (a): 0 A

Ammeter dalam Rajah 2 (a):

Ammeter in Diagram 2 (b): A

Ammeter dalam Rajah 2 (b):b) State the variables that are

Nyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang

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Solid copper (II) sulphatePepejal kuprum (II) sulfat

Copper (II) sulphate solutionLarutan kuprum (II) sulfat

Carbon electrodeElektrod karbon

Carbon electrodeElektrod

karbon


(i) fixed:......................................................................................................................dimalarkan

(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................dimanipulasikan


c) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

d) Give one inference for the observation in Set BBerikan satu inferens untuk pemerhatian pada Set B

.........................................................................................................................................

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e) Copper (II) sulphate is an ionic compound. , state the operational definition for ionic compound.Kuprum (II) sulfat ialah sebatian ionik. Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi sebatian ionik.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

f) Tick () the substance which can be used to replace copper (II) sulphate and give the same observation as in Diagram 2. Tandakan () bagi bahan yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan kuprum (II) sulphate dan menghasilkan pemerhatian yang sama seperti dalam Rajah 2.

NaphtaleneNaftalena

Sodium chlorideNatrium klorida

GlucoseGlukosa

Potassium iodideKalium iodida

4 Diagram 3.1 shows an experiment to study the electrical conductivity of sulphur powder and Diagram 3.2 shows an experiment to study the electrical conductivity of lead fillings.

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Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik bagi serbuk sulphur dan Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik bagi serbuk plumbum.

a) State one observation based on Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2.Nyatakan satu pemerhatian berdasarkan Rajah 3.1 dan Rajah 3.2.

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b) State one inference for this experiment.Nyatakan satu inferens bagi eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

c) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang(i) fixed:......................................................................................................................

dimalarkan(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................

dimanipulasikan(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................

bergerak balas

d) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

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Sulphur powderSerbuk sulfur



Lead fillingsSerbuk plumbum

Diagram 3.1Rajah 3.1



.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

e) Sulphur is an molecular substance. State the operational definition for molecular substance.Sulfur ialah bahan molekul. Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi bahan molekul.

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5 Diagram 4 shows an arrangement of the apparatus to study the electrical conductivity of substance P, Q and R in solid and liquid state.Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik bagi bahan P, Q dan R dalam keadaan pepejal dan cecair.

Diagram 4Rajah 4

The observation is obtained in Table 2.Pemerhatian dicatatkan dalam Jadual2.

SubstanceBahan

Bulb conditionKeadaan mentol

SolidPepejal

MoltenCecair

P Lights upMenyala

Lights upMenyala

Q Not lights upTidak menyala

Not lights upTidak menyala

R Not lights upTidak menyala

Lights upMenyala

Table 2/ Jadual 2

a) State one inference for this experiment.

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BulbMentol

SubstanceBahan


Nyatakan satu inferens bagi eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

b) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang(i) Controlled:............................................................................................................



bergerak balas

c) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

d) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for electrical conductivity.Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kekonduksian elektrik.

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6 Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show an experiment to investigate the electrical conductivity of metal and non-metal.Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik oleh bahan logam dan bukan logam.

a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2, what is your observation on the condition of the bulb?

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Dry cellSel kering

Dry cellSel kering

SwitchSuisSwitch

Suis

Plate APlat A

Plate BPlat B




Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2, apakah pemerhatian anda pada keadaan mentol?

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

b) State one inference for this experiment.Nyatakan satu inferens bagi eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................




bergerak balas


.........................................................................................................................................

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e) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for metal.Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi logam.

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f) Based on the experiment, mark (√) the diagram that same properties with plate A.Berdasarkan eksperimen di atas, tandakan (√) pada rajah yang mempunyai sifat seperti plat A.

7 Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the effect of impurities on boiling point of distilled water.

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Rajah 6 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan bendasing ke atas takat didih air suling.

Diagram 6Rajah 6

The result of the experiment are recorded are in Table 3.Keputusan ekperimen direkodkan dalam Jadual 3.

Substances(Bahan)

Boiling point/ 0 C(Takat didih / 0 C)

Distilled water(Air suling)

100

Distilled water + common salt(Air suling + garam biasa)

……………

Table 3Jadual 3

a) Based on the above experiment, what is the thermometer reading in Diagram 3? Berdasarkan eksperimen di atas, apakah bacaan termometer dalam Rajah 3?

b) Give a reason for your answer in (a)Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (a)

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

c) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang

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(i) fixed:......................................................................................................................dimalarkan

(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................dimanipulasikan



.........................................................................................................................................

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e) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for distilled water.Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi air suling.

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8 Diagram 7 shows an experiment to study the effect of impurities on the boiling point of ethanolRajah 7 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan bendasing terhadap takat didih etanol.

Diagram 7Rajah 7

The results of the experiment are recorded in Table 4.Keputusan eksperimen direkodkan dalam Jadual 4.

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Distilled waterAir suling

Pure ethanolEtanol tulen


Substances(Bahan)

Boiling point/ 0 C(Takat didih / 0 C)

Pure ethanolEtanol tulen

78

Pure ethanol + distilled waterEtanol tulen + air suling

……………

Table 4Jadual 4

a) Based on the above experiment, what is the thermometer reading in Diagram 3? Berdasarkan eksperimen di atas, apakah bacaan termometer dalam Rajah 3?

b) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.Tuliskan satu inferens berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................




bergerak balas


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e) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for pure ethanol.Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi etanol tulen

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Chapter 5 : Energy and Physical Changes1 Diagram 1 shows an experiment to study the heat change in a fermentation process of

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glucoseRajah 1 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan haba dalm proses penapaian glukosa.

Diagram 1Rajah 1

The results of the experiment are recorded in Table 1.Keputusan eksperimen direkodkan dalam Jadual 1.

Time (min)Masa(min)

Thermometer reading/ 0 CBacaan termometer / 0 C)

0 28

5 30

10 ............

15 34

20 35

25 35

Table 1Jadual 1

a) Based on the thermometer reading in Diagram 1, complete Table 1.Berdasarkan bacaan thermometer dalam Rajah 1, lengkapkan Jadual 1.

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Glucose solution + yeastLarutan glukosa + yis

Delivery tubeSalur penghantar

WaterAir



b) Based on Table 1, draw a graph to show the relationship the time and the temperature.Berdasarkan Jadual 1, lukiskan graf untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara masa dan suhu.

c) What the relationship between the temperature of the glucose and time in the first 15 minutes?Apakah hubungan antara suhu larutan glukosa itu dengan masa dalam 15 minit pertama?

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Temperature /0C Suhu/0C

0

26

15

28

2010 25

30

32

5

34

36


d) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.Tuliskan satu inferens berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

e) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang(i) fixed:......................................................................................................................



bergerak balas

f) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

.........................................................................................................................................

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g) Predict the temperature at the 30th minute.Ramalkan suhu pada minit ke -30.

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2 Diagram 2 shows an experiment to study the heat change in chemical reactions at room temperature (300C).Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan haba dalam tindak balas kimia pada suhu bilik (300C).

Final temperatureSuhu akhir

Diagram 2Rajah 2

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WaterAir

Sodium chlorideNatrium klorida

Ammonium chlorideAmmonium klorida



a) Record the final temperature reading of both types of substance in the Table 2.Catatkan bacaan akhir suhu bagi kedua-dua jenis bahan dalam Jadual 2.

Types of substancesJenis bahan

Final temperature reading / (0C)Bacaan akhir suhu / (0C)

Sodium hydroxideNatrium hidroksidaAmmonium chlorideAmmonium klorida

Table 2Jadual 2

b) Write down one observation from the result of this experiment.Nyatakan satu pemerhatian daripada keputusan eksperimen ini.

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c) State one inference based on your observation.Nyatakan satu inferens berdasarkan pemerhatian anda.

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d) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang(i) fixed:....................................................................................................................

dimalarkan(ii) manipulated:.........................................................................................................

dimanipulasikan(iii) responding: ..........................................................................................................

bergerak balas

e) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

.......................................................................................................................................

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f) Which substance shows an exothermic reaction?Bahan manakah yang menunjukkan tindak balas eksotermik?

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g) State the operational definition for exothermic reaction.Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi tindak balas eksotermik.

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3 Diagram 3 shows an experiment to study the reaction of magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid.Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindak balas logam magnesium dengan asid hidroklorik cair.

Diagram 3Rajah 3

The volume of gas collected is recorded every minute for six minutes.Table 3 shows the results of the experiment.Isipadu gas yang dikumpul direkod setiap minit dalam amsa enam minit.Jadual 3 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.

Time (minutes)Masa (minit) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Volume of gas collected (cm3)Isipadu gas (cm3) 20 30 37 41 43 43

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Water Air

5g of metal magnesium5g logam magnesium

Dilute hydrochloric acidAsid hidroklorik cair Gas


Table 3Jadual 3

a) State the variables that areNyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang(i) fixed:....................................................................................................................

dimalarkan(ii) manipulated:.........................................................................................................

dimanipulasikan(iii) responding: ..........................................................................................................

bergerak balas

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b) Based on Table 3, draw a graph of the volume of gas against time.Berdasarkan Jadual 3, lukiskan graf isipadu gas melawan masa.

c) What is the relationship between the volume of gas given off and the reaction time in the first two minutes?Apakah hubungan antara isipadu gas yang terhasil dengan masa tindak balas bagi dua minit pertama?

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Volume of gas /cm3

Isipadu gas /cm3

21 3 4

15

5

20

40

25

30

6

35


d) Predict the volume of gas collected at the seven minute.Ramalkan isipadu gas yang terhasil pada minit yang ketujuh.

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4 Diagram 4 shows an experiment to study the reaction of magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid.Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindak balas logam magnesium dengan asid hidroklorik cair.

Diagram 4Rajah 4

The volume of gas collected is recorded every minute for five minutes.Table 4 shows the results of the experiment.Isipadu gas yang dikumpul direkod setiap minit dalam masa lima minit.Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.


Volume of gas collected (cm3)Isipadu gas (cm3) 0 4 8 ...... 13 13

Table 4Jadual 4

a) Based on the reading of measuring cylinder in Diagram 4, complete Table 4.Berdasarkan bacaan silinder penyukat dalam Rajah 4, lengkapkan Jadual 4.

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Dilute hydrochloric acidAsid hidroklorik cair

MagnesiumMagnesium

Water Air

Gas



c) State the relationship between volume of gas collected and time in the first two miniutes.Nyatakan hubungan antara isipadu gas terkumpul dan masa dalam dua minit pertama.

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d) Predict the volume of gas collected at the six minute.Ramalkan isipadu gas yang terhasil pada minit yang keenam.

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Volume of gas /cm3

Isipadu gas /cm3

2 3

10

4 5 6

14

1

2

6

4

8

12


5 Diagram 5 shows an experiment to study the reaction of calcium with water.Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindak balas logam kalsium dengan air.

Diagram 5Rajah 5

The volume of gas collected is recorded every two minutes are recorded in Table 5.Isipadu gas yang dikumpul direkod setiap dua minit direkodkan dalam Jadual 5.


Volume of gas collected (cm3)Isipadu gas (cm3) 7.5 12.0 ......... 21 23 23

Table 5Jadual 5

a) Based on the reading of measuring cylinder in Diagram 5, complete Table 5.Berdasarkan bacaan silinder penyukat dalam Rajah 5, lengkapkan Jadual 5.

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Gas

MagnesiumMagnesium

Water Air

Measuring cylinderSilinder penyukat

GasGas



c) State the relationship between volume of gas collected and time in the first two miniutes.Nyatakan hubungan antara isipadu gas terkumpul dan masa dalam dua minit pertama.

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d) Predict the volume of gas collected at the 14th minute.Ramalkan isipadu gas yang terhasil pada minit yang ke-14.

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e) Tick (√) in the boxes in Table 5.2 the substance which can be used to replace magnesium in this experiment.Tandakan (√) dalam kotak disediakan seperti dalam Jadual5.2 bagi bahan yang dapat menggantikan magnesium dalam eksperimen ini.

IronBesi

CarbonKarbon

SulphurSulfur

ZincZink

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Volume of gas /cm3

Isipadu gas /cm3

4 62 8 10 12

25

5

15

10

20

30


6 Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the reactivity of metals with oxygen.Rajah 6 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kereaktifan logam dengan oksigen.

Diagram 6Rajah 6

Three types of metals X, Y and Z are used and the results are shown in Table 6.Tiga jenis logam iaitu X, Y, dan Z telah digunakan dan keputusan ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 2.

MetalLogam

ObservationPemerhatian

P Burns with bright lightTerbakar dengan nyalaan terang

Q Glows dimlyMembara dengan malap

R Burns moderatelyTerbakar sederhana

Table 6/ Jadual 6

a) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.

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.......................................................................................................................................


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c) State the following variables in this experiment.

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Potassium manganate (VII)Kalium manganat (VII)

Glass woolWul kaca

Metal fillingsSerbuk logam

HeatPanaskan

HeatPanaskan


Nyatakan pembolehubah berikut dalam eksperimen ini.i) Manipulated variable:

Pembolehubah dimanipulasi

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ii) Responding variable:Pembolehubah dimanipulasi

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iii)

Constant variable:Pembolehubah dimanipulasi

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d) Based on the result in Table 6, arrange the reactivity of the metals in ascending order.Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 6, susun kereaktifan logam tersebut dalam urutan menaik.

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e) If the metal used in this experiment are magnesium, zinc and iron, predict metal R.Jika logam-logam yang digunakan di dalam eksperimen ini adalah magnesium, zink dan besi, ramalkan logam R.

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34abadi@RJ2012


Chapter 4: Motion

1 Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 show the experiment to study the collision between with different velocity.Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perlanggaran antara troli berlainan halaju.

a) State the observation based on the result of the experiment.Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan hasil eksperimen tersebut.

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35abadi@RJ2012

Block displacementAnjakan bongkah

After collisionSelepas perlanggaran

Wooden blockBongkah kayu

Before collisonSebelum perlanggaran




c) State the following variables in this experiment.Nyatakan pembolehubah berikut dalam eksperimen ini.i) Manipulated variable:


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iii) Constant variable:Pembolehubah dimanipulasi

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e) State the operational definition of momentum.Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi momentum.

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f) Mark (√) the objects which apply the concept of momentum.Tandakan (√) objek yang mengaplikasikan konsep momentum.

36abadi@RJ2012

... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


2 Diagram 2 shows a ticker tape that has been obtained from the movement of a trolley on a tilted platform. The trolley took 8 seconds to go from the top to the bottom of the platform.Rajah 2 menunjukkan pita detik yang diperoleh daripada gerakan sebuah troli yang menuruni landasan condong. Troli itu mengambil masa 8 saat untuk turun daripada atas landasan ke bawah landasan itu.

Diagram 2Rajah 2

Table 1 shows information about the ticker tape in Diagram 2.Jadual 1menunjukkan maklumat tentang keratan pita detik dalam Rajah 2.

Section of the ticker tapeKeratan pita detik 1 2 3 4 5Length of section / cm Panjang /cm

Table 1Jadual 1

a) Measure the length of section 3 of the ticker tape and record it into Table 1.Ukur panjang Keratan 3 pita detik itu dan catatkan dalam Jadual 1.

Length = ................................ cmPanjang

37abadi@RJ2012

Strip 1Jalur 1

Strip 2Jalur 2

Strip 3Jalur 3

Strip 4Jalur 4

Strip 5Jalur 5


b) Based on Table 1, draw a bar chart on the graph paper below. Berdasarkan Jadual 1, lukis carta bar pada kertas graf di bawah.

b) Using your bar chart in (b), Dengan menggunakan carta bar anda di (b), i) state the type of movement made by the trolley.

nyatakan jenis gerakan troli ini.

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ii) predict the length of section 6 that is also represents a 1 second interval. ramalkan ukuran keratan pita detik ke-6 yang juga mewakili jarak waktu 1 saat.

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38abadi@RJ2012

StripJalur

Length of stripe/cmPanjang jalur /cm

31 4 52

0.2

0.4

0.8

0.6

1.0

1.2


3 Diagram 3.1 shows the experiment conducted to study the inertia of an object. Both cans are swing from the same height. After three swings, the can is stopped with the palm.Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji inersia sesuatu objek. Kedua-dua tin diayunkan dari ketinggian yang sama. Selepas tiga ayunan, tin diberhentikan dengan menggunakan tapak tangan.


a) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

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b) State the following variables in this experiment.Nyatakan pembolehubah berikut dalam eksperimen ini.i) Manipulated variable:


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39abadi@RJ2012

Empty canTin kosong

Can filled with glass marbleTin yang berisi guli kaca

Rope Tali

Rope Tali


c) Predict the degree of difficulty for the can stop, if the glass marble is replaced by steel marbles.Ramalkan tahap kesukaran tin itu berhenti, jika guli kaca digantikan dengan guli keluli.

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d) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.Tuliskan satu inferens berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

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e) State the operational definition of inertia.Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi inersia.

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f) What is the spring balance reading when steel balls in the can are weighed as shown in Diagram 3.2?Apakah bacaan pada neraca spring jika tin yang berisi bebola keluli ditimbang seperti Rajah 3.2?

Reading of spring balanceBacaan pada neraca spring .............................N

40abadi@RJ2012

Can filled with steel ballsTin yang berisi bebola keluli

Spring balanceNeraca spring


4 Diagram 4 shows an experiment to study the realtionship between mass of an object and the inertia. All obejcts are swing and the time taken for the objects to stop oscillations is recorded.Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jisim objek dengan inersia. Semua objek dihayun dan masa diambil untuk objek berhenti berayun dicatatkan.

Diagram 4Rajah 4

Table 2 shows the result of the experiment.Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen tersebut.

Mass of object / gJisim objek / g

Time taken to stop oscillation/ minutesMasa diambil untuk berhenti berayun/ minit

200 5.0

400 10.0

600 15.0

Table 2Jadual 2

41abadi@RJ2012

Wooden block ABongkah kayu A

Wooden block BBongkah kayu B

Wooden block CBongkah kayu C


a) i) State the observation based on the result of the experiment.Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan hasil eksperimen tersebut.

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ii) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.Tuliskan satu inferens berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

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b)

State the variable in this experimentNyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen inii) Manipulated variable:


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c) What is the relationship between the mass of an object and the inertia?Apakah hubungan antara jisim objek and inersia?

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d)

State the operational definition of inertia.Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi inersia.

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42abadi@RJ2012

Module science process skill

Education

lengkapkan jadual

bar chart

type of variation

mutiara jadual

berdasarkan rajah

b ab table

menunjukkan cap ibu

variation of earlobes