Modern Gymnast - January 1962

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THE M. G. BOOKSHELF

Back issues THE MO DERN GYMNAST

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editorial: I ~

4

physical

FITNESS for youngsters

GUEST EDITORIAL BY JIM FARKAS

Considering a program on "Physical Fitness For Youngsters", I do not think my ideas are special, but I am ready to give a few hints, although they may not be popu 10 r.

First of all physical fitness is not something you can acquire through a crash program. It is the result of permanent habits gained by appropriate physical education, and preserved by the encouragement of an enlightened community.

A few steps toward (the hope of) physical fitness (practiced in the educational systems in most civilized countries - excluding us) :

1. Revise the training program for Phy . Ed . teachers : (a) place more emphasis to use physical educational sports : track and field, gymnastics, swimming and full participation athletic games (football, basketball, soccer, etc.); (b) train teachers, who are not just specialists of a few ball -games, but are thoroughly familiar with the techniques and teaching methods of the above physical activities; (c) deemphasize the training of Phy. Ed. ad­ministrators . Make the physical educators teach actively, not preach and sit in offices.

2. Revise the aims ar.ld philosophies of physical education in schools . (a) Curtail and deemphasize Athletics; push compulsory, all-around physical education for all ,including the partially handicapped; (b) put the weight of importance on the elementary and secondary educational institutions, where the solution depends. (90% of our elementary schools have no gym­nasiums and no trained Phy. Ed . teachers); (c) Instead of scheduling Phy. Ed. classes of a short duration every day, organize formal classes of at least 90 min . activity, 3 times a week, plus extra-curricular activities; (d) deempha­size curriculums in so called "recreation". This sort of service belongs to the sphere of social workers, not phy . educators; (e) improve the standards of girls' physical education. "Cheer Leader" squads defeat the aims of Physical Education. In general the girls are criminally neglected in this respect; (f) evaluate activities for use according to the needs of the grow­ing human physique and national assignments, not by following desires for pleasure, and community "interests" in spectator sports. Education is not a matter of "like" or "dislike" but rather necessities and must-s o

3. Planners must understand that Physical Education is not so much a financial problem as it is a matter of muscular effort. For this reason we do not need overly expensive buildings, fancy athletic equipment and uniforms; rather plenty of room and the selection of such activities which will give plenty of jump, run , climb, turn and wrestle about .

4. Besides the need to overhaul the system of Physical Education in schools; it also matters what people do in off-school hours . Fishing, base­ball, bowling, archery and similar popular activities have little to contribute to physical fitness . Sweating, sore muscles, bruises and black eyes are needed to pay for physical health .

--T~ AI 0 0 ~ " N'

Ciiiii,.,,,,,.§-, January 1962

Volume 4 . Number 1

CONTENTS Physical Fitness for Youn gsters Notes From. The Editor Chalk Talk ..... ... .... .... ... .

... 4 .. .. 5 . .. . 6

.... .. .. .. . 9 Swedish Gymnastic Federation Gymnastic Camps in England and Western States Gymnastic Clinic M.G. Photo Contest

Switzerland .. ... 10

Flint Sparks .. .. .. Ballet For Gymnasts .. .... .. .. __ .. .. .

... ......... 12 ...... 18

. .... .......... 19

. ...... .... .... 20 Helpful Hints __ . .. ...... ........ .. .... ... 22 World Compulsories and Judging Quiz . ..24 N.A.G.C. News ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ..... .. ..... 25 Gymnastic Statistics and Judging Reports .. .. .. .. ..... 26 Book Review .. . .... ... 27 Meet Results and Letters ......... 28

COVER: Howard Hardie of the Berkeley YMCA winner of Horizontal Bar and Side Horse events for boys II and under at the fT/ estern. States Gymnastics efinie, Tucson, Arizona. .

•••••••••••••••••••••••• Max J. Ruderian '" .. .. .......... .. .. .. .... ... .. . Publi~her Glenn Sundby .. .... .. ....... .. ........ .... .. .. ...... ...... Editor Charlie Simms . ............ .. .... .. ... Associate E:litor Kurt Baechler ........ .. .. ... European Editor

Feature Contributors : Grace Kaywell, Jim Farkas, Glenn Wilson, Herb Vogel and Bud Marquette.

•••••••••••••••••••••••• THE MODERN GYMNAST is published in the U.S.A., nine issues for $3.00, 35c the single copy . All pic ­"tures and manuscripts submitted become the property of THE MODERN GYMNAST unless a return request and sufficient postage are included. Published ma ­terial becomes the property of THE MODERN GYM-NAST. .

Copyright 1962 by Glenn Sundby, P. O. Box 611 - Santa Monica , Cal ifornia

NOTE S , FROM THE EDITOR

THIS EDITION ... We feature a report on the first Western States Gymnastic Clinic which was a' great success. Much of the credit of thi s success must go to the Na tional Gymnasti c Clinic in Sarasota , Florida for their years of hard work in past Clinics which helped inspire and make thi s Western Clinic possible . .. At left is a guest editorial by M.G. contributo r Jim Farkas expressing hi s thoughts of how we can improve our physical education program toward better fitness for youngsters. We have asked Jim and others for their thoughts and views which we will publish in future editions of the M.G. in keeping with our efforts to pro­mote better physical fitn ess through Gymnastics . . . You should find the report on the Swedish Gymnastic Federation by Karl-Axel Rydell very interesting along with our reports on the Gymnasti c camps in England and Switzerland . .. Pictured above are the men, women junior boys and girls from the tenth American Sokol Slet held on Sunday, June 25, 1961 at Hoffman Stadium, Berwyn, III (see M.G. letters Nov.-Dec. , 1961) Mrs. F.. W. Schnabl sent us these photos to assure us there is a fine program of exercise and calisthenics to music in America for all age groups through the American Sokol Organi zation . . . In tryin g to catch up to date on our M.G. editions we did not have time to complete our planned Junior Gymnast Program section for this issue but should have it read y for the next edition .

* * * . MIDWEST CLINIC .. . Tom Hairabedian now coach·

ing at Central Missouri State College is trying to get Gymnastics started at Central with a Gymnastics Clinic and Exhibition March 24th featuring the University of 'Iowa Gym Team. Proceeds will go toward the purchase of Gymnastic equipment. He is inviting all colleges and hi gh schools in the state of Missouri .

f,- ~:.

NEXT EDITION ... Will contain photos and reports from the • lational Gymnasti c Clinic held in Sarasota. Florida, plus a special article by James Baley entitled " An y School Can Have a' Complete Gymnastics Program" along with the man y other M.G. regular instructional and news features . . American Gymnasti c Federation ?

5

•••••

NAMES 'N NEWS Coach BOB MAYS Tallahassee Tumbling Tots reviewed

in last month's M.G. went to the Central Florida Invita· tional Gymnastic Meet at Leesburg, Florida (sponsored by the Leesburg recreation department ) . They came home with eighteen awards including six firsts, three seconds and five third place honors. Little twelve year old KITTY GRUBBS was the top scorer with three fir st place awards. SHARON LAWSON, LINDA HATSFIELD, and TWINKLE FREEMAN were also first place winners . . . KEN HOLLIS, Central YMCA , Cleveland, Ohio, has started a Gymnastic Newsletter to provide a medium of communi· cation between associations in the Ohio·West Virginia area. Ken is awarding The Complete Book of Gymnastics by Newt Loken to the person who sends in the best title for the Newsletter . .. The December 10th edtition of PARADE had a wonderful article entitled "Kids With Courage" which deals with the Physical Fitness program for the blind conducted by LAWRENCE FRANKEL in his gym· nasium at Charleston, West Virginia .

*' WORLD GAMES TOUR

Because of the success of the National Gymnastic Clinics tour to the Olympic games in Rome and Europe the Clinic is now offering a tour to the World Championships in Prague plus other parts of Europe.

The 29 day National Gymnastic Clinic 1962 World Games Tour is available to all members of the ~ational Gymnastic Clinic and their immediate families at the price of just $698.50. This 29 day all·inclusive first class tour includes all transportation, hotels, meals sight·seeing, entrance fees, transfers, porterage of baggage, taxes and services of ex· perienced tour conductor. Admissions to World Champion· ship Games, travel and baggage insurance. The tour will depart from New York June 29, 196;l visiting Prague, Vienna, Klagenfurt, Venice, Florence, Milan, Lucerne and Paris returning to New York July 27, 1962. For further information write to Mr. Vincent D'Autorio, Flight and Tour Chairman: 231 Ferris Ave., White Plains, New York.

:;: * *' SCANDINAVIAN CHAMPIONSHIPS . .

On December 2·3 there have been a gymnastic contest for men betWeen the four Nordic countries Finland, Den· mark, Norway and Sweden. Finland won with 222.15; then Sweden, 219.40; Norway, 212.55 and Denmark, 206.55. Individually: 1. Aage Etorhaug, Norway, 55,85; 2. Eugen Ekman, Finland, 55.30; 3. Leif Koorn, Sweden; Sakari Olkkonen and Kaino Heinonen, Finland, 55.40. In the last contest, about a ye<jr ago, Finland won with 10 points be· fore Sweden, so they have shrunken the gap. Sweden won individually in 4 events: Rings, Leif Koorn, 9.55; free exercise, Will-iam Thotesson, 9.7; long horse, Leif Koorn and Storhaug, 9.45; and hor. bar, El'ert Lindgren, 9.5. Finland won 2 events : side horse, Eugen Ekman, 9.6; p. and par. bar, Kaino Heinonen, 9.4.

6

Because of new postal regulatiohs which have increased the postage on returned undelivered mail, we cannot continue to guarantee forwarding postage as we have done in the past. Therefore, it is the responsibility of each subscri ber to notify us well in advance of any change of address to insure delivery of M.G.

MARDI GRAS OPEN The 1962 Mardi Gras Open Invitational Gymnastic meet

will be held Friday and Saturday, March 2 and 3 for boys and girls, at Prescott J r. High School, 4155 Prescott Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. All entries will close Saturday, Feb. 24, 1962. For further information write to Arnold R. DiDomenica, 2701 Hiawatha St. , Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

* * CHICAGO'S NEW GYMNASTICS MECCA

By Ted Muzyczko A new concept of competitve gymnastics is solving an

old problem. The problem . . . what does an active gymnast do if he still wishes to compete and work out seriously, but has since graduated from college or high school and is now pursuing a nine to five schedule or perhaps an advanced degree? The problem is further compounded by a lack of available "good" equipment, suitable practice hours, and the all important work· out environment, which consists of teammates with similar interests and goals. Chicago Turners has solved this prob lem in a somewhat unique manner. After a brief probing and planning period, the feasibility of forming a -group of this kind looked better and better.

Using the Chicago Turners gymnasium and other facili· ties as a focal point, Coach Art Boettcher saw to it that a complete set of "Olympic Standard" equipment was pro· cured. This also included the necessary women's apparatus, rueter boards, a trampoline, etC.

The next step was to assemble enough interested gym· nasts who were in the same predicament and were willing to pool their resources into this new group effort. This proved to be a relatively painless task and an avant guard of several past national champions and other prominent mid·west gymnasts formed a nucleus of a squad that now numbers fifteen (including three women).

Scheduled work·outs on Tuesdays and Thursday from seven to ten and Sunday afternoons from two to five , plus a full itinerary of meets and exhibitions have helped main· tain interest, promote the necessary conditioning, and advertise the sport. During the summer, week·end work-outs shift to the outdoor apparatus of the Turner Camp at Algonquin, Illinois (thirty miles from Chicago). The out· door atmosphere helps provide additional incentive to stay in shape during the summer.

Some of the familiar faces that will be seen represen ting Chicago Turners at most of. the Major Meets this year are : Jon Culbertson and his wife Barbara . .. Jon was an Olympic alternate in 1960 and is now fini shing up his Doctorate in Protozoology at Northwestern University. His wife, Barbara, past NAAU Trampoline Champion and now an all·around performer, is finishing up her terminal medi· cal illustration course work at U. of I. Medical Center . . . Marsh Claus, form er top performer from Iowa is now teaching and coaching at Waukeegan High School . .. Bill Buck many times national side horse champion and now working all·around, is working on his Masters in Math at Iowa . . . John Davis, past NCAA side horse champion is now in the paper carton business . . . Ted Muzyczko, past parallel bar champion from Michigan State is now doing Polymer Research . . . Don Ohannes, Al J uodekis, Ron Halworth, Larry Spiegel, Gail Fisher and Judy Boettcher round out the remaining portion of the team.

Additionally a number of promising high school gym· nasts participate directly in many of the Chicago Turner activities and reap the resultan t benefits.

The Chicago Turners progress report to date boasts of its first encouraging success - that is the team trophy for the Mi.dwest Open Meet held on December 1st and 2nd. Amon~ the defeated teams were powerful Southern Illinois University, the University of Illinois and Michigan State.

The point of this article is to emphasize that groups such as the Chicago Turners organi7.ation can be formed in any sizable city in the country. Most foreign countries have a very definitive gymnastics structure made possible by the exist.ence of a great number of organizations ,simi· lar to the Chicago Turner group), which offer teaching and competitive schedules for all ability groups. These serve as a wellspring for future top gymnasts and a continual source of incentive and guidance. Further European coun·

Chicago Gymnasts in action at the Turner Camp at Algonquin, Illinois: Boots Culbertson doing a straddle hand stand on the beam : Left to Right on the Parallels, Don Ohannes, Ed Ward, Jon Culbertson, Ray Hadley, Augie Thomas and Ted Muzyezko; Ned Duke is holding the Cross (I II

the rings and Judy Boettcher is shown doing a scale on th e beam..

tries seem to have little or no informal pressure to quit the sport ( that is stop competing) because a certain mythi· cal age of no return is pre·set . by popular misconceptions.

Indeed Victor Tchoucharin's thirty·eight years of gym· nastic existence did not prevent him from winning the all·around gold medal in the 1956 Olympics. Nor did the forty odd years of Takemoto stigmatize his rating as one of Japan's best. gymnasts.

Only if we can start our gymnasts at an earlier age and keep them competing longer than we do now, can we keep the sport alive, growing, and on a comparable level with the best in the world.

GYMNASTICS IN DELAWARE ... A PROGRESS REPORT

by A. Bruce Frederick In recent years Gymnastics has been given an unusual

amount of attention in · our State. Some of the signs of this increased enthusiasm for the sport are outlined below. It is . my hope that others who are now attepting to pro. mote gymnastics in parts of the country where it is literally unknown may benefit by some of the activity ideas which have made 1961 the most important gymnastic year in Delaware's history.

Over the years Delawareans have attempted at times to do a little extra to stimulate interest in this most basic of all activities. We have had ·our profes~ionals. The Three

Little Bakers, a local triple act, have been one of the highest paid trios in the business. Several Delaware boys have made the grade in the circus and even today we may still occasionally see " Whitey and Walt". Although we may have the greatest respect for the pros as a rule, they have never provided the leadership necessary to make gymnastics the type of activity which would be beneficial to the vast number of people. This situation has changed here recently, due to the interest of Whitey Caron and Walter Galuska. In other parts of the country, I am sure other professional gymnasts have also contributed a great deal to the development of the sport. (Ed. of M.G. notwithstanding) . ,

Wilmington Junior High Schools competed interscholasti· cally in tumbling from 1932 to 1936. Leadership was pro· vided by the physical education teachers in these schools among whom were E. B. Cantwell, J acob Warner and Joseph Bradshaw. · Some of Cantwell's boys later entered the professional ranks and some, including the author, are still active today. The activity died out, however, and we really don't know why. Teams were organized so that each school actually had teams at four levels (A, B, C and D) with those on the "A" teams competing interscholastically.

The first attempt at an interscholastic gym na~ti c meet for girls was held at Oak Grove School in Elsmere, Dela· ware in 1957. In that same year the Newark High Gym· nastic team for boys. Two years ago, Brandywine High School also started a club and floored a team this year.

7

Brandwine High School Gym Club

A .great deal. of credit ~hould be gi'ven her.e to Ray Ciesinski, ClIff Brownmgand Jim Snyder who were the organizers of these gymnastic teams. Although they did not have strong Gymnastic backgrounds, they did supply the in­valuable elements of enthusiasm and zeal which often times prove to be enough to get things rolling.

The University of Delaware, which formerly had a team competing on the collegiate level has not had b team for some time .Dr. C. Roy Rylander , who formerly coached the team, .has been a great help to the Newark Gymnastic Club.

The Wilmington, Delaware YMCA purchased the first tra~npol!ne in the State's history and was the first organi­zatIOn m the State to provide instruction in Rebound Tumbling.

The Wilmington Turners, an organization which had c?nducted Gymnastic classes for one !J.undred years, was vIrtually unknown to Wilmingtonians as recently as three yea rs ago. The Turners have been on the move since then and now provide key leadership in State Gymnastic affairs.

What then, ha~ made 1961 a year to remember? We who are interested in the growth of the sport in Delaware have capitalized Gymnastically on the followin g :

1. Requests for clinics and workshops ' on various aspects of gymnastics have been more frequent. Some of the reques ts have come from teachers whose interest has been aroused. Still others have been arranged at the State level in order to promote Gymnastic activities.

The State's Supt. of Public Instruction, Dr. George R. Miller, Jr. , recently permitted early dismissal for those teachers of physical . education who attended a State Wide Gymnastic clinics for secondary youth. Dr. Miller has recently stated, "Gymnastics can make an excellent con­tribution to the fitness goal of youth ... "

A statement like this from a leader in education is most beneficial. It is a rarity to get such an endorsement from someone not directly involved wi th Gymnastic pro­grams or physical education curricula.

2. There has been great interest shown for touring teams of internationally known Gymnasts. Three of these teams (Russians, Japanese and Danes) have appeared at nearby West Chester State College in West Chester, Pa. in 1961. High school students and teacher who have seen these ~roups. are determ ined to do something. about gymnastics m theIr schools. The Russians in particular have . done more to foster a feeling of urgency where Gymnastics are concerned than any other of these groups possibly because of our country's present relationship with the Soviet Union. H~ving seen these Gymnasts in action, there were im­

medIate requests for workshops on Uneven Parallel Bars for girls. We get the feeling, in Delaware at least, that even bar work for girls is on the way out. This is as it ~hould be.

3 . . Two of the last three annual conventions of the Delaware State Education Assoc. have included sections devoted to gymnastics. Guest instructors, both from outside the State and from our own professional tanks, have been

8

included. Carl Patterson, coach of Gymnastics at Temple University in Philadelphia has visited the State on several occasions as a consultant in gymnastics. It should be a relatively easy matter to schedule Gymnastic sections for state education conventions. Program chairmen are usually very receptive to ideas. One need only suggest.

4. Interscholastic Gymnastic competition began in Dela­ware in 1961 on the high school level. With a little plan­ning and organization, most schools can sponsor an inter­scholastic Gymnastic squad as a natural outgrowth of Gymnastic instruction in physical education classes. Our present difficulty in this area is due to an insufficient number of people in the public schools who have enough background to proceed confidently with a Gymnastic pro­~ram. ~ence our present emphasis on clinic and workshop mstructlOn.

Teacher training institutions in our immediate area do seem . to be placing a greater emphasis on Gymnastics, espec~ally those Gymnastic activities which are appropriate for gIrls and women. Some of these institutions have just recently begun to offer courses to prepare young <Yraduates to adequately teach skills on the Balance Beam and Uneven Parallel Bars. There are no four inch Beams to be found in any of the State's schools. The Wilmington Turners owns the only Olympic Beam in the entire State!

5. Speaking of the Wilmington Turners ... This club now in !ts second hundred years, has begun to supply th~ leadershIp necessary to promote Gymnastics throughout the State. At the Turners we are especially proud of those boys and girls in our classes who are living proof th1\t' a program ?f gymnastics can keep one physically fit. In a ~vay, they are our best salesmen. They have participated m many clinics and demonstrations over ' the past few years and are always very well received.

Another important step the Turners have taken is the ~onstruction of a new gymnasium which will be opened m a month or so. The new gym will be outfitted to be the most complete Gymnastic facility in the State. We hope it will set the pace for Gymnastic programs of all types here.

6. Members of the Wilmington YMCA attended the first Gymnastic camp to be sponsored by the Central Atlantic Area council of YMCA's last Labor Day weekend. To our knowledge this will have been the first camp within easy reach for Delawareans. The camp was a success and it is the hope of the council that it will become an annual event.

We had a great gymnastic year in Delaware. If one could sum it all up in a word, I suppose it would be "I~adership." Gymnasts are a minority sports group in t~IS .country. It is not enough just to know that gymnas· tICS IS probably the best all-around sport in the world, you have to act upon these truths. We in Delaware have acted and are making great strides of progress in Gymnastics and are looking forward to even more progress in '62.

. Bob Haldeman, a Delawarean, will captain the Spring­/!eld College Gymnastic team this coming season. Another Delaware boy is a gymnastic candidate ;or the Air Force Academy's squad.

Newark High School Gymnastic Club

SWEDISH GYMNASTIC FEDERATION By Karl-Axel Rydell

Here's a little about our organization. About 175,000 active gymnasts belong to our society, registered in about 2,500 unions or clubs, spread about all over the country. To small unions belon g sometimes only some 50 members but in the bigger ones, there can be up to 1,000 - 2,000 members. Usually there are 100-200 members. There are clubs with only gymnasti cs on their program, but there are also clubs which also have athletics on their program.

These 175,000 gymnastics in 1961 may be divided in 4 categories : Men under 16 years, 19,500; men over 16, 33,000 ; women under 16, 45,400 ; and women over 16, 77,500. These gym· nasts practice gymnastics of elite, yo uth , children, recreational or housewife type and they do their gymnastics in the evenin gs any time between 5-9 p.m. They do the gymnastics voluntary and pay to the union a duty for it.

The leader is sometimes a professional one, ex­amined from our Royal Gymnastic Institute in Stockholm, but mostly he is a layman-leader; that is he does this work because he is interested in gymnastics. He is educated as instructor by pass­ing through one or several of our di strict's short courses. Mostly he is or has been an active gym­nast.

Under our central organization depend 24-regional districts, which in broad coincide with the geographical division of the governmental administration. The clubs, situated in a district, obey in first hand to that very district.

Every year we have a congress to which the districts send their representatives. We have a gov­ernment consisting of a board of 9 members and there are then special commitees for elite, recrea­tional and youth gymnastics and then a secretary's office with a personnel of (just now ) 8 persons. Amon g them you will notice a gen. sec. as boss.

I have mentioned our short courses for educatin g of leaders. Every springtime we present our courses in a brochure to our unions. Then they notify their candidates on special forms to us and we pick out those which we think are qualified for a course. They must belong to a club, and be or be willing to be a leader. They pay about 100 sw. crowns for thi s course, 8-10 days lon g, and this money is man y times payed by the candidate's own club. Then

they are called to the course and take part in this special kind of gymnastics to which they have notified. As you see there are several co urses of different types on each course period. That is in short our organization.

* l:: :;::

SHORT SUMMER-COURSES AT LILLSVED, SWEDEN ARRANGED BY THE SWEDISH GYMNASTIC

ASSOCIA TION The Swedish Gymnastic Federation every year arranges

short summer-courses, 8-10 days long, at people's gymnastic high·school of Lillsved situated at a distance of 4 Swedish miles from Stockholm. There are courses of va rious kinds as elementary, advanced and special courses with the aim of training and educating gymnastic leaders. The l essons are held in Swed ish, because the courses are intended for Swedes, but foreigners are welcome to participate. Tht" teachers and instructors usually speak English ra ther well and every year some foreigners follow these courses with acceptable results.

Every foreigner can app ly for a short course at Lillsved. Notice ought to be sent in good time before the commence­ment of the course to Svenska Gymnastikforbundet, Kungs­holmstorg 6, Stockholm K. Fees: Th ere is a registration fee of 15 sv. cr., which can be paid in advance or at your arrival to Sweden. The fee for food and lodging is 20 sw. cr. per day of the course.

For further information write to Svenska Gymnastik· forbund et, tel. 51 11 11 or to the dean directly : R egtor Erik Westergren, Gymnastikfolkhogskolan, Lillsved, Sweden.

From September 1st to June 20th there are also possi­bilities to follow the education at the Roya l Gymnastic Central Institute for a week or two. Further information are given by Kung!. Gymnastiska Centralinstitutet, L indin­govagen 1, Stockholm.

We are preparin g our summer·courses for 1962; here in short how they will look like:

L June 26 . July 3: a. and b. Train ing of leaders of housewife·gymnast ics. Beginners and advanced. Only Wal1len.

2. July 5 · 13. a. and b. Training of l ~aders of r ecrea· tional·gymnastics "Keep Fit". Beginners. One course for men and one for women. c. Training of rythmical gym· nastics for women. Beginners. d. Traning·gymnastics for men.

3. July 16 · 24. a. Trainln g of leaders of children·gy mnas· tics. b. Special gymnastics·course for Frenchmen.

4. July 26 . -{\ ug. 3. a. and b. Training of leaders of :ecrea tional·gymnastics with special accent on gymnastics for old people. Men and Women. c. Training of leaders for recreational·gymnastics for boys. d. Training of leaders of youth gymnastics. For women.

S. Aug. 6 - 14. a. to d. Tra ining of leaders of youth gym· nastics. Beginners and advanced.

6. Aug. 16·24. a. and b. Training of leaders of elit e· gymnastics: a. for men ; b. for women.

7. Aug. 6·12. Scandinavian cam p at il'Ialmahed. 8. Probably in June. Youth cam p for 400 boys and girl~

14·17 years old at Malmahed.

* * 9

Gymnastic campers at Bisham Abbey, Buckinghamshire, row middle, Mrs. Prestidge to his right, Jim Prestidge to his right}.

GYMNASTIC CAMP AT BISHAM ABBEY. received some very useful hints. Mr. Kondo stayed MARLOW, BUCKING HAMPSHIRE , for two days during which time he played golf and

August 5th to 12th, 1961 presented many gymnasts with the Japanese gym· This course is held annually at one ' of the nastic badge, gestures which thrilled the students.

National Recreation Centres of the Central Council of Physical Recreation, under the control of the Amateur Gymnastic Association.

The students, both men and women were at varying stages of performance, some raw beginners ~d others 1st class performers. Ages range from I~ years upwards.

The course is a personal performance holiday course, with two compulsory sessions per day of t):ll'ee hours in the morning and 1% hours in the afternoon. The re~t of the day is spent as you wish, playing tennis, clock golf, padda tennis, swimming, canoeing and dancing.

The centre is a 13th century abbey, which has maintained its original state, and is set on the edge of the river Thames, in very lovely country­side. The lawns are spacious and the turf is soft, and with the sun shining (which it does do even in England) workin g out of doors is a delight. - The camp caters for 25 men and 25 women, with fiye coaches between them. The coaches give their time voluntarily, and this year were Miss Pat Hirst, eight times British champion; Mrs. Paulin Pres­tidge, A.G.A. coach; Mr. Walter Walsh, Physical Director of the Swansea Y.M.C.A. S.S.I.; Mick Munn of the Army Physical Training Corps and

.. Denis Butcher of Norwich Priory. The course lasts :/. ' a. week and the students are resident for th,at time, ''''',' "at a cost of £9. 10.0 (or $28.) The food IS good,

four meals a day, served in the banqueting hall beneath the minstrel gallery, with the original tapestries adorning the walls.

The highlight of this year's course was the visit of the Vice-President of the Japanese Gymnastic Association. He, Mr. Takashi Kondo, traveled to London from Stuttgart and Lisbon. He very soon became popular with ;the gymnasts and the men

10

JR. GYMNASTS TRAINING CAMP AT MACOLIN

Situated high in the mountains overlooking the beautiful valley village of Bienne and the Alps on the horizon is Macolin, the Swiss National School of Gymnastics and Sports. Here in picturesque resort atmosphere amid graceful rolling hills and woods are gymnasiums, playing' fields, tracks, courts, swimmin g pools, dormitories and adminis­tration buildings.

In 1944 the Swiss Federal Counsel decided to build a Gymnastic and Sports School and in 1946 construction began at Macolin with class activities under way in 1947. Since then almost all of the top Gymnasts of Switzerland have at one time or another attended the school as a student or m· structor.

During the first part of July this year nearly a hundred Gymnasts and instructors were on hand for the boys J 1'. training camp at Macolin. Here for a week these J r. Gymnasts age 15 to 20, worked, ate and dreamt Gymnastics. Under the excellent guidance of instructors, Joseph Stalder, Clemente Gilardi, Peter Diem, Heinz Lehmann, Roger Fehl­baum, Arno Darms and Ernst Hertig the boys were tau ght all phases of Gymnastics from theory to competitive action .

Switzerland, a wonderful setting for Gymnastics is a land long famous for its grandure and beauty. Plan to visit there one day and be sure to try out the gym and equipment at the National Gym­nastic School at Macolin. If you can go in reality instead of just dreams, you can get more informa­tion about courses and class sessions by writing to: The Director of the Federal School of Gymnastics, Macolin, Bienne, Switzerland.

Above: Scenes from Gymnastic training camp at Malco!n. Below: Instmctors and stlLdents irom Junior Boys training cam.p.

Clinic Instructors: Erwin Volze, Jerry Todd, Frank Bare, Bob Justice, Don Carney, Martha Tsucheye, Glenn Wilson, Bud Marquette, Gordie Maddox, lrv Faria, Mike Pickering and Sam Balie.

WESTERN GYMNASTICS CLINIC By Sam Bailie, Clinic Director

The first Western Gymnastics Clinic, held at the University of Arizona in Tucson, was blessed with fine weather and 210 registrations from all over the West. The first clinic must be termed a success, and at present many are already working toward ma~ing next year's clinic even better. We did have our first year problems, such as havin g more instruction for the younger groups and more areas for the women. Many of these problems are already being solved. Next year the women wiII have their own gym complete with apparatus for all classes as well as having some apparatus in the men's gym for informal workouts.

Clinic Highlights 1. The Research Committe~ headed by Dr. Fred

Roby of the University of Arizona, and assisted by Dr. Dunn of Washington State University and Dr. Gustafson of San Jose State College, announced that the recipient of the Gym Master Research Grant in the amount of $200.00 was to go to Mr. Pat Bird, Graduate Assistant at the University of Illinois, for his study entitled: "A Comparison of the Physical Fitness Characteristics Between a Varsity Gymnastics Team and Superior Olympic­Level Gymnasts."

II. Clini'c sessions which drew much praise were the judging classes which were directed by Gordon Maddux of Los Angeles State and assisted by Jerry Todd of Pasadena City College and Irv Faria of Sacramento State_

III. The Clinic highlights for the public was the Championship Met which was directed by Glenn Wilson of the University of Colorado- and despite two equipment mishaps was very well run in 2% hours. Gold watches were awarded to the event winners in each event. Some of the championship standouts were Bill Wolf of Pasadena City College on the Still Rings; 1st p lace, Harvey Plantt of Arizona State University and 2nd place, Don Car­ney of Iowa on the Trampoline; and Terry Hale, the All-Around winner from the University of Southern California.

12

IV. The highlight of the younger age group was the Gi rls Program and Meet which was directed by Mr. Bud Marquette and the Boys Meet which was directed by Ernie Maranoni. Seeing this fine group of yo ung boys and girls, we are sure that these will be among our future Olympians.

The Clinic ended with an organizational meet­ing at wh'ich time an executive board was elected to shape the policies for next year's Clinic. Other appointments were al so made. At present the Clinic organization looks like this:

PERMANENT OFFICERS Sam Bailie ... . ...... .. ... Clinic Director Frank Bare ..... .. .... Assistant Director

EXECUTIVE BOARD lrv Faria ... .... ... ... ..... .... .... ... . Clinic President

Sacramento State J erry Todd ... .. .. .......... .. .. ..... ....... Vice-President

Pasadena City College Don Robi~s~;l ... Vice-President

" A~;;~~~' c;i~;;;i;

Bud Marquette ............. .... ... ..... .. Women's Director Dr. Ruby .... Head of Research Committee

University oj Arizona Dr. Dunn ..... ...... ....... Research Committee

Washington State University Dr. Gustafson ............. ..... ..... .... Research Committee

San Jose State College Marion King ... . .......... Recreation Chairman

Texas City, Texas Glenn Wilson .. .. ... Director of Competitions

University 0/ Colorado

THE WESTERN GYMNASTICS CLINIC CH AMPIONSHIPS

Held December 27, 1961 - University of Arizona

By Glenn Wil son, Meet Director Approximately 600 people in Tuscon attended

the Western Gymnastics Clinic Championships held at the University of Arizona's Bear-Down Gym­nasium. These people got a glimpse of the great thin gs to come in this Clinic, and of course, they witnessed 2 hours of the West's finest gymnasts.

No team championship was computed as this meet was to be for individuals only. However, a casual observer could easily see that the fine gym­nasts from Pasadena City College were dominant on the victory stand. 1;'he All-Around Champion, with 486.5 points was Terry Hale from the Uni­versity of Southern California. Gold watches were given to the event winners, so I believe I can say that Terry will have no trouble tellin g the time: Mr. Hale won three watches.

Terry Hal e

Besides Terry Hale's fine pei-formance in the all-around.- severa l ou tstanding performances and routine~ were turned in by Bill Wolf on the Rin gs; Harvey Plant on the Trampoline; Dick Gluskoter in Tumblin g. Prohably most outstandin g was Bill Wolf's rin g wo rk which included several "C" moves.

Listed below are the results of each event:

ALL-AROUND : 1. Terry Hal e, 486.5; 2. Verle Inman. 475.5; .~. Gary Buckner, 462.2.

FREE EXERCISE: 1. Bill Jackson. 88; 2. Curt Rebhan . 85 .5; .~. Bill Cornelieus, 85.

TRAM POLINE: 1. Harvey Plant, 93.5 ; 2. Don Ca rney. 88 .5; 3. Keith Sulli van, 82.5. .

SIDE HORSE: 1. Karl Byers, 87; 2. Stevp Doty , 85: 3. Terry Hale, 80.

ROPE CLIMB : 1. John Sunderland, 3.6 ; 2. Sam Holland. 4.2; 3. Bob Brown, 4.4.

HIGH BAR: 1. Terry Hale, 92.5; 2. Verle Inm an, 89: 3. Gary Buckner, 87 .5 .

PARALLEL BARS: 1. Terry Hale, 88; 2. Verlp Inm an. 87: 3. Dick Nicholas. 83.

STILL RI NGS: 1. Bill Wolf, 92.5; Tie 2. Jim Amerin p. 85.5 and Gary Buckner, 85.5.

TUMBLI IG: 1. Dick Gluskoter, 83 .5; 2. Denn y Sulli· van, 80.5; 3. Ga ry Benhett , 77.5.

LONG HORSE : 1. Gary Buckner, 79.75 ; 2. Verle In· man , 76 .0 : 3. Terry Hale,' 72.5.

Competition .fudges: .ferry Todd , lrv Faria. Bud Marquette alTd KelT Bartlett

WESTERN STATES GYMNASTICS CLlNIC TRA MPOLINE PROGRAM

By Bob Justice The tramp oline program had a very large gro up

participating, with the majority of the gro up in the 11 an d under age group. The group , as a whole, had a large number of beginning and in­termediate performers. Therefore, much time was spent on basic work ; that is, back an d fr on t somer­sau lts, and elementary twistin g work.

There was an emphasis placed on safety while arou nd and performing on the trampo line. This is exemp I ified by the fact that even with seven tram­polines (whi ch included a giant 10x20 web bed Gym Master) in use almost constantly, there were no acciden ts.

Durin g the regular trampoline instruct ional periods there were eno ugh qualified instructors a\'ai lab le to use one at each trampoline. In thi s way the popuils were ab le to receive more pe r~onal attention and instruction than usin !! an y other method. Ri ch Harris, from Nissen L Tra;"poline Compan y, was the head instructor ,assigning the other instructors to their respecti ve trampoline fo r instruction.

There were a few instructors who had had no previous traJlllllg in tra mpolin e instruct ion tech­niques. The program in the cli nic was especially helpful to these inst ructors. Tt ilave them an op­portunity to ask question s and lea rn techniques fr om persons who have had much experi ence in both teachin g and performing, giving them some insight into teachin g methods for va rious stunts.

A small group was interes ted in "double~" work for shows a nd exhibitions. Although the participa­tion was not grea t. the work was benefir.ial for th ose interested.

This first clinic was a real success with near ly a ll persons goin g home enri ched and ready to g~ to work. With the closin g day's work ou t, one phrase was heard several times that reflected every­one's attitude toward the clinic and the new-made friends - "SEE YOll NEXT YEAR".

13

Ernie Mariononi instructing cLass

COMPETITION FOR BOYS 16 AND UNDER AND 11 A lD UNDER

By Ern) e Marinoni, Meet Director Boys 16 and under : These boys will soon be

making Gymnastic history - Rich Impson of Pheonix won the All-Around and was very im­pressive in winnin g Side Horse, P_ Bars, Long Horse and H. Bar; Paul Mayer, 11 year old from the Berkel ey YMCA' who won Tumbling and Free­X and was second in Side Horse, P_ Bars and High Bar is another boy to wateh. Don Dunfield from San Jose placed 3rd in the All-Around; Kent Um­barger was 4th All-Around and Tel McQuisten of the Berkelev Y and Don McAlister of Madera ti e­in g for 5th AU-Around with McAlister winnin g first place in the Trampoline and a secon d in Free-X. Warren Beers placed first on the Rings and Steve Parr, Perry Robbi son, Ron DeWi tt , Mel Dunheld and Randy Wentzel were .also among the place winners.

Boys 11 and under: In the boys 11 and under we ha ve boys not on ly capabl e of repla ci ng our present older boys, but even surpassing them. We must reali ze when we get our boys into better work habits we will be an even stronger World P ower in Gymnasti cs. In thi s class we had Mike

Sullivan from the Berkeley YMCA who won 5 events. Mike just had his 11th birthday and is headed for the "68" Olym pi cs. Howard Hardie also of Brekeley won first in High Bar and Side Horse (Mike took second in these events) . Howard is a real worker with real work habits that make Champions. As soon as we will admit to ourselves that Champions a re made (thru hard work and intelli gent guidance) not born , we wiII achieve the goa l of World and Olympi c Champions from Ameri ca. We ha ve just picked out a few of the outstanding performers but others such as place winners: Kurt Edwards, Jim Beli love, Kevin Moore, Steve Boatwright, Steve Kromorowski, Gery Bishop, Jeffery Wentzel, Russell Hull and Danny Connor will be at the top one day with a little more of that 01' try and Hard Work.

These meets for boys were judged by the older Col lege and Adult Gymnasts who did a grand and inspiring job for the yo ungsters. There were 27 boys entered in this meet which gave them very good experience in a well run competition.

Having seen many of thees boys for several yeal's it amazes me what these Clinics do for them and we wou ld like to thank Sam Balie and the U. of A rizona for the privilege of being part of thi s Clinic.

WOMENS GYMNASTICS AT THE FIRST WESTERN GYMNASTICS CLINIC

By Bud Marquette First of all may we ' say " Hats Off" to Sam

Bailie and Frank Bare, co-chairmen of the Clinic, for a tremendous job, well done.

The Western Gymnastics Clinic has come and gone - but the memories will indeed linger on. Many new friends were made and old acquaint­ances renewed. Approximately 100 girls and young women along with their coaches participated in the women 's division . Most all were newcomers on the gymnastic scene. Thei r quest for know ledge and actual workouts were wonderful to watch . Sin­cerity and devotion in their learning was some thin gs we haven' t seen in a long time. Over 240 boys and girls working out in the huge University gymnasium and upon entering one would hardly

Event prace winn ers in the boys competition A {f ·A round winners

14

realize that so many yo ungsters were hard at work. There was a di stinct lack of voice. confusion and mulling around which is so common' at a great number of our gymnasti c activities. One of the contributing fa ctors to the good behavior of the participants was the complete separation of the men and women's program. Although working ou t six hours a day in the same gymnasium, each held their own classes, judgi ng panels discussions, etc. and in no wav interfered with one another.

Yours truly' directing the women's program was ably assisted by such competent instructors as Mr. Ami Leso, Martha Tsucheya, and Lola Beth Wentzel of No rthern , Calif. Mrs. Marion Kin g of Texas and Mrs. Ferol Kent of Arizona. A most surpri sin g and welcome guest was Mrs. Mildred Prchal of Chicago, Director of the Women's Divi· sion for the Sokol Organization. Her high regard and comments to all the girls were deeply appreci­ated.

From an instructional viewpoint, we are aware of the need for more dedicated instructors and women's equipment throughout the U.S., a situ ­ation which we feel sure will improve. The girl s performance in most events were quite good, but noti ceably weak in vaulting and unevens.

Coaches and participants viewed gymnastic films every afternoon and held open discussions, mainly on spotting and their own gymnasti c problems.

The girls competition was divided into two age groups, eleven and under, twelve and over. Some of the girls showed remarkable complete routines. Paula Crist, Stevi Peterson. Cando and Maria Huff­man were the outstanding' all around performers. Due to a state ruling concern in g High School girls all of the young ladies from Arizona and New Mexico were not able to participate in the compe­tition. A situation which will be rectified in time for the next clinic.

Other hi ghli ghts of the clinic were the va ulting table and mini-tramp demonstration given by the high school boys and girls of Lovington,' New Mexico , under the coachin g-' of Ross Black (see last issue of M.G.)

A fittin g climax to a grand and glorious clinic was the invitation to have a few of the newl y crowned champions perform during half time ~t the basketball game between the University of Arizona and Brigham Young University. Paula

Leit to Right: Stevi Peterson, Lea Truss , Canda Roush, Panfa Crist, Kendis Moore, Sandra I ephson, Nora TrlLSs, Indy Ellard, Maria Huffman , K erry Moore, Karen Galla­way, Carol Moorlwund, Oliva Walker.

Panla Crist Ste vi Peterson

Crist, Maria H uHman and Stevi Peterson never performed more beautifully. A most appreciative a udience of some 2500 made the games officials hold up the start of the second half in order to allow the girl s a final bow .

The atmosphere of the beautiful campus, the friendliness of the residents of Tucson and the won­derful weather did a great deal to inspire all the participants to hi gher achievements. So successful was the First Western Clinic that officers and directors were elected to head up next year's pro­gram and actuall v have it far under way. Plan now to attend the ' 1962 Western Cymnastic' Clini c.

RESULTS WOMEN'S DIVISION JUDGES: Martha Tsucheya, Berkeley, Calif. ; Marion

King. Texas City, Texas; Ferol Kent, Tucson, Arizona; Pauline Faria, Sacramento State ; Loa Beth Wentzel, Sacra­mento, Calif. HEAD SCORERS: Charlotte Probst, Ri ver­side, Calif.; Vada Crabbe, Sacramento, Calif. JUDGES SCORER: Bob Probst, Riverside, Calif. FLASHER: Jenny Kent, Tucson, Arizona.

11 and under FREE EXERCISE: 1. IVlaria Huffman , 7.9 ; 2. Nora Truss, 7.7; 3. Sandra Jephson, 7.6. BALANCE BEAM: 1. Maria Huffman, 7.2; 1. Sandra Jephson, 7.2; 3. Judy Ell ard, 7.0. VAULTING: 1. Maria Huffman, 7.1 ; 1. Carol l'vloorhound , 7.1; 3. Kerry Moore, 6.9. TUMBLING: 1. Carol Moorhound, 8.5; 2. Nora Truss, 8.2 ; 3. Maria Huffman , 7.9.

12. and over FREE EXERCISE: 1. Paula Crist, 8.6; 2. Lea Truss, 7.5; 2. Canda Roush, 7.5. BALANCE BEAM: 1. Paula Crist, 8.3; 2. Stevi Peterson, 7.8; 3. Canda Roush , 7.3. VAULTING: 1. Paul a Crist , 8.8; 2. Stevi Peterson, 8.6. TUMBLING: 1. Paula Crist, 8.2 ; 2. Canda Roush, 7.8; 3. Lea Truss, 7.4. UNEVENS: 1. Paula Crist, 7.~ 2. Stevi Peterson, 7.0. TRAMPOLINE: 1. Stevi, 8.4"'~. Paula Crist, 7.8; 3. Canda Roush, 7.6. ALL-AROU D :- 1. Paula Crist ; 2. Stevi Peterson ; 3. Canda Roush.

Bnd MarqlleUe in structing class at clinic

15

'/ I

, -'

18

THE "MNAST MODERNGl

THE MODERN GYMNAST PHOTO CONTEST

FIRST PRIZE this edition goes to J. Blies of Amsterdam, Holland, for this photo he entitled "The Flying Dutchman, balancing on his nose".

SECOND PLACE AWARD goes to J im ·.Fraser, Asst. girls gym coach, Seattle, Wash. YMCA for this photo of Dale McClemments in a Flying Splits over Marilyn Miller in the Side Splits. The picture was taken ,vith flash at f·16 using Royal Pan film.

THIRD PLACE A WARD was won by Rick Tucker of West Covina, Calif. for this 'picture of himself doing a Branny dismount from the Ring set· up (eighteen·foot frame, cable ropes, wooden rin.gs and a sand pit ) in Dennis Roby's back yard. Photo taken with a Brownie Kodak Hawkeye camera.

AN ILLUSION

SPARKS

s. ADVANCED GYMNASTICS FOR WOMEN

By Herb Vog~l An illusion is an advanced acrobtic skill which can be

incorporated into a free exercise routine with ease. It blends well with dance element and more difficulty, but with beauty. with acroba tic stunts. Due to its nature it should not be attempted unless you have patience and excellent fl exibility of both back and legs. Note that #4 illustrates a full , if not greater than full split position).

PREPARATION: Develop total body flexibility fully. LEADUPS: (1) Mastery of front work·overs. (2) Mas·

tery of split. PROGRESSION: (1) From standing position raise arms

and left leg forupward. (2) Swing arms down and simul· taneously with the left leg downward and backupward. (3) Swing the head and body down toward the right leg, swing the left arm between legs continuing backupward, the left swings back and up as high as possible. (4) The left leg continues upward, through the "split" position; elevate to the tow of the right foot, pivot on the right foot to the left. (5) Left leg continues swinging "over the top" so to speak, as the full pivot left on the right foot is com· pleted. The swinging left leg as the arms continue on to the original starting position or to various options indica ted.

HELPFUL HINTS : (1) Coach or assistant grasp left hand and arm of the performer loosely so that as the illusion is attempted the performer is kept in allignment -in proper position and removes the fear "of bein g lost" during practicing the stunt. (2) By placement of left ha'nd along the side of the right foo t total body position and balan ce is maintained. Some performers use this " crutch" in actual competitive performance of the stunt . . . this then is not a true illusion. The performer must rely on the "crutch" as another means to learn the stunt.

a. 3. 4.

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19

BALLET (or Gymnasts

By Grace Kaywell 3 Tanglewood Court

IT' est Palm Beach. Florida

GRACE NOTES With dance bein g such a vital part of the gym­

nastic performance it is my desire to sa lute - the outstanding teachers of the nation and ask them to write some of their . favorite exercises for this column. In that way gymnasts located in our fifty states will become acquainted with the outstand­ing teachers in their comunity. If you have any special teachers whom I do not know please show them thi s article_ and ask 'them to forward suit­able pictures and information to me at my home address, not to the magazine.

This month we salute Gus Giordano of 614 Davis Street, Evanston , Illinois. Mr. Giordano began his professional career 'at the Roxy Theatre in 1948. He was choreographer in sum~er stock in Roches­ter, New York with " Brigadoon", and "On The Town" (starring Nancy Walker) which were es­pecially noteworthy. On TV he was with the Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis, Ed Sullivan , and Perry Como shows. He had a featured dance roll in "Wish You \Vere Here". You can see him currently on the commercial for the Bell Telephone TV Hour. He has been a regu lar judge on Chicago's Harvest Moon Ballroom' Festival, and he choreographed Northwestern University's famous W AA-MU show.

Like other relentless perfectionists, he is never satisfied . He aims in his teachin g for a "Regal Look" in the torso and head, isolation of parts. His students are taught to move the body part separate­ly - hands, head, shoulders, etc. Beginnin g stu­dents seldom have the capacity for this feelin g, and he begins each of his classes with body stretches on the floor , working with ba~k and neck vertebral stretches_ This serves to warm up the body before any isolation movements are attempted. Body warm-u p progresses from a floor position to sitting, to kneeling, and finally to standing. At the barre there is a second warm-up using the pelvis and thigh to build body strength. It is at the barre­that the releve' foot comes into action. Once the student has sufficient stren gth to hold his balance he is taught to work without the barre. Such de­manding body discipline teaches the student to "think" phys ically.

It is questioned whether hi s dance techniques are ~ uitable for women since it uses stron.g move-

20

Gus Giordano

ments. Savs Gus Giordano " It is true that men look very" masculine if they are well trained and do this type of work, but one has only to look at Cyd Charisse, Carol Haney, and Gwen Verdon , to realize how very feminine it can be too".

"The important thin g to keep in mind is the purity and the discipline of this technique. It must be worked at and absorbed"_

Tt has been my pleasure to work several hours under the direction of Mr. Giordano and I found his classes most inspirin g. He is a friend of Mr. Bud Beyer who also wri.tes for thi s magazine and is deeply interested in helping gymnasts. You can tell by the photos of Mr. Giordano ' that he can attain great elevation by using his own techniques which are described on the nex t page.

We salute you Mr. Giordano, and man y thanks for your inspiring work.

.. :- *

MODERN JAZZ WARM-UP EXERCISES Presented by Gus Giordano

Counts Are In Brackets. - Arm Movement In Italics Lay on your back on the floor. Arms stretched straight

over your head. (1) Arch your back, raising your vertebrae as far off the floor as possible. Stretch as long as you can. (2) Bend your knees, round your back so that all

vertebrae touch the floor. Lay on your back on the floor. Arms are folded in back

oj yonr head. (1-4) Pull head fwd. as far as you can, and stretch your neck muscles. (5·8) Relax and lay your head back on the floor.

R. leg is in the air. Arms in second, palms on the floor. ( ll Point toe and str. knee. (2) Bend knee and flex heel so that it is parallel to the ceiling. Bring the leg as close to the chest as possible. When you str. knee, keep leg pulled fwd . Rpl. L. -

Lay on your back on the floor. Arms in second, palms on th e floor. (1 ·2) Kick R. leg and hold it up. (3) Lower leg to floor. Rpt. L. Rpt. without holding (in 2 counts) .

Lay on the fl oor, feet str. out on the floor. A rms in second, palms on the floor. (1) Bend R. knee in to chest. (2) Str. leg up and point toe. (3) Bend knee back into chest. (4) Lower leg to floor. Rpt. L. Rpt. fl exing the toe so that the heel is parallel to the ceiling on count 2.

Lay on the floor, both legs str. up in the air. A rms in second, palms on the floor. (1) Point toes. (2) Bend knees and flex toes. (1·20 ) Lower legs slowly.

Lay on floor. A rms in second, palms on floor. (1-4) Arch back and lift thru vertebrae to a sitting pos. and then continue and place your head on your knees. (5·8) Round your back moving thru the vertebrae first, lower to start· ing pos.

Sit on the floor, feet str. fwd. A rms str. over head. (1 .4) Stretch up very taly. (1·3) Bend fwd. with head on knees and bounce. (4) Return to starting pos.

Sit on the floor, legs in a wide second. (1·4) Holding on to R. leg, stretch to the R. side. (1.4) Holding one leg in one hand and the other in the other hand, stretch fwd. (1-4) Holding on to L. leg. stretch to the L. side.

Bounce the calves of the legs on the floor to relax the muscles. K eeping the knees str., walk fwd . on the buttocks and then bkwd.

Sit on floor, legs in second. A rms in second. (1) Face str. fwd. (2) Face R. leg. (3) Touch head to R. knee. (4) Come up still facing R. leg Rpt. alternating.

Sit on the floor, feet str. fwd. Arms hold on to feet. (1) Bend fwd. with head on knees. (2) Lift head with back rounded. (3) Still holding on to feet , arch back. (4) Return to starting pos.

Sit on floor, feet in second. Flex R. toe, L. is pointed. R . arm is on R. ankle . Elbow is on the floor. L. ann is over head. L. ann comes in to chest. Stretch L. arm up to the ceiling. L. arm comes in to chest. (1) Stretch to R. foot. (2·3) Arch back.

Sit on floor, fee t str. fwd. Arms in second. (1) Raise legs, only slightly. (2) Open legs to 2nd. (3) Bring legs together. (4) Lower legs.

Sit on floor, feet in second. A rms in second. (1 ) P oint R. toe. (2) Flex toe and bend knee. Rpt. L. Rpt. both at the same time. Rpt. both at the same time in one count.

R. leg on 'floor in bk. attitude. L. leg in second. (1·4) Bend fwd. to L. knee. L . ann is on the floor. R. arm is fwd. over leg. (1.4) Lay bk. to R. leg. R. arm is bk. on the floor .

Squat on your heels. Hands on the floor. (1·4) Bounce. Keep your back str. and your head up. (1-4) Str. knees and put head on knees. Rpt. in one count.

Kneel on both knees. slightly apart. Arms in second. (1) Push pelvis bk. (2) Str. pelvis and lock it. (3) Go bk. as far as you can without releasing the pelvis. (4) Str. up.

Kneel and sit on your heels. Head on the floor. (1·4 Round bk. and come up to a sitting pos. Arms on the floor. (1·4) Push through pelvis and arch your back. Arms on floor behind body. (14) Leading with chest. return to starting pos.

Kneel on L. knee. R. leg is in second. (1) Stretch over to R. side. L . arm over head. (2) Bend fwd. L . arm in high first. (3) Contract, placing head on floor. Both arms on floor. (4) Come up to a starting pos. ,

Standing, feet in first· plies. Hands in low fi rst. (1) Demi plie. (2) Releve keeping knees bent. (3) Still in releve, str. knees. (4) Lower heels. Rpt . in 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th,

Feet in second (1) Bend fwd. Arms in second. (2) Str. up. (3) Bend to R. ·side. L. arm over head. (4) Str. up. Rpt. alternating.

Feet in 2nd. (1.4) Bend to R. side. L. arm over head. R. arm in high fir~t . Rpt. L. Rpt. in 3 counts, 2 counts and then 1 count.

Jazz port de bras. Feet in second. A rll/.s in second. (1 ·2) Bend arms sharply in front of chest. (3-4) Push both arms str. up over head. Palms face body. (5·8) Lower arms to sides.

* * .'ltJODERN JAZZ ISOLATION

All iso lations should be done carefully. Be sure that you move on ly that part of the body which is supposed to move.

HEAD ISOLATIONS For all head isolations, the feet are in 2nd. For all head

isolations the arms are str. down at your sides. (1) Look· ing down stretching the muscles in the bk. of the neck. (2) Look up stretching the muscles in frt. of the neck.

(1) Look sharply to the R. keep head high turning only in the neck. (2) Look str. fwd . Rpt. L.

(1·2) Ci rcle head to the R . st retching as far as possible in each pos. Rpt. circl ing L.

SUNDAR I HEAD lvlOVEJlIJEN TS For all Sundari head movements, the fee t are together

in a small pie. For all Sll l/ dari head movements, the arms are over the head. Palms oi the hands touch, elbows square. (1 ) Keeping everything eise sti ll, push the head str. fwd . Do not tilt the chin up or down. (2) Return to normal pos.

(1) Push ht:ad bk. Again, do not tilt the chin up or down. (2) Return to normal pos.

(1) Push head fwd. as in the first Sundari movement. (2) Push head directly bk. as in the 2nd Sundari move· ment.

(1) Push head to the R. side. When doing this move· ment , do not tilt your head. Think of touching your R . arm to your R. ear. (2) Return to normal pos. Rpt. L.

(l ) Push head fwd . and return to normal pos. (2·4) Rpl. pushing head to the R, bk. and L. Rpt. pushing to the L. side fir st.

(1·4) Circle head to the R. hitting all of the positions in between. Accent count 4 by pushin g the head distinctly fwd. Rpt. circling L.

FINGER ISOLATlONS Feet in 2nd. A rms in second. (1) Spread fingers apart

and stretch them. (2) Clench your fist. S HOULDER ISOLATIONS

For all shoulder isolations, the feet are in 2nd unless otherwise stated. For all shollider isolations th e arms are in second with the lingers stretched. (1) Lift both shoulders str. up. (2) Return to normal pos.

(1) Push both shoulders fwd. (2) Return to normal pos. (Be careful to move only the shoulder and not the entire arm).

(1 ) Push both shoulders up. (2) Fwd. (3) Down. (4) And bk.

Feet in 5th pos. in a small plie. R . arm ilt second, L. arm. On thigh. (1) Pull R. shoulder diagonally bk. (2) Push shoulder diagonally fwd .

RIB CAGE ISOLATIONS ' Feet in 2nd. Hands on hips . (1) Lift the rib cage and

move it to the R. Do not move the shoulders or any other part of the body. (2) Return to normal pos. Rpt. L. Rpt. moving from R. side to L. side without stopping in between.

PEL VIS ISOLA TIONS Feet in second. Arms in second. (1) Contract . push

pelvis fwd. Arm.s go str. fwd . Take a small plie. H ead is down. (2) Return to normal pos.

Feet together in a small plie. Arms in second. (1) Push pelvis fwd . (2) To the R. side. (3) Bk. (sway bk. ). (4) T o the L. side. Rpt. in the opposite direction. Rpt. walking fwd. on toes with knees slightly bent.

K NEE ISOLATIONS Feet in 2nd, pointing str. fwd. Arms in second. (1) Bend

R. knee 'str. fwd. Keep L. knee str. (2) Return to normal pos. Rpt. L. Rpt. turning knee in. Rpt. turning knee out. Rpt. turning knee out and then in.

(1-4) Circle R. knee out. (Start by turning knee in. Then circle it and return to normal pos.) . Rpt. L.

21

\ \ . \

HINTS ABOUT "TAKE OFF"-S

L:J

Much has been written about the techniques of different vaults, but little emphasis was given to improve take-off techniques (especially at girls) _ We must realize that after a gymnast left the " take-off board", actually little can be done during the fli ght to shape the appearance of the vault ; the fate of the fli ght will be decided at the moment of the " take-off" when all the powers, leading to the vault, will be generated and aimed_ Nothing is more important in this respect than understanding and training a correct take-off_

The illustration, drawn here, shows the problem and the components. In order to avoid lengthy and too theoretical , let me explain in practical language what you see here_.

In order to vault, you need a runn ing approach. This will give you forw. speed (Sp 1). To change ,the forw. motion of this speed into a high and explosive flight (b 1) vou will have to bounce off at an appropriate place. This "bounce-off" requires very serious considerations in order to select the appropriate angle for the vault (beta) and to increase the after-contact speed (b) instead of losing it by the contact. We face certain non-adjustable factors, such as the springiness of the board (PT), the distance of the board from the apparatus (it must be predetermined depending on technical requi rements of the vault_ Although the distance is optional with the gymnasts_ still there is a mechanically precise distance which must be met for best results), the height and length of the apparatus and also the weight of the athlete itself (G). The other factors can be adjusted by the gymnast itself. The take-off angle (beta ) will be determined by the incoming angle (alpha ) and by the powers and the speed of the incoming object

22

\ .~

'\ Helpful

by "Jim" Farkas , Instructor 0/ Physical Education, 0/ The Milwaukee Turners,

Wisconsin . :~

· • •

(a ) . The take-off speed and power will be the conse­quence of the combined powers of the human body and the lifting capacity of the board (AT and PT ) in addition to the influence of the "delay" or travel" signified by (gamma) - totaling alpha and beta. In order to decrease (beta), one must increase (alpha) at the same Sp 2 (flight speed). This must be done in case one wants to increase the height of his vault. To increase " b" powers, one must increase the powers of "a" by increasing " LJ" (the length of preparatory jump) and also "Sp 2" (the speed of the preparatory jump) . The LJ will gradually grow with "epsilon" (angle of elevation) increasing up to about 45°; after that it will be gradually shorter ( this can be significant at other than Reuther type of boards). With the increase of LJ, however, the Sp will gradually decrease; so, in order to assure an appropriate high take­off speed, Sp 1 must be proportionatly increased. Actually here two "power-fountains" (a horizontal and a vertical) , acting in a right angle, must be r elated so that the result­ing merger will give us the desired direction and power, to complete a task assigned by the technical requirements of a particular vault.

Hints

/Ex,

-----

Most vaults with a high degree of difficulty (for men as well as for women ) will require fast and powerful take-off s_ To assure success, a fairly long running ap­proach will be needed, during which sufficient velocity can be built up to conclude in a long preparatory jump toward the board_ Fast boards will need lower flights, while slow boards must be approached with higher prepara­tory jumps. At the contact with the board the extension of joints involved in the take-off (ankle, knee, hip) (Ex, Ex 1, Ex 2) must immediately begin and concluded in half of the time represented by the speed of the board, so that when the compressed board returns (springs back) all the above mentioned joints are already completely extended and by this alignment the lifting power of the board can be 1000/0 transmitted (without any loss through bent joints) . Only the fore-upward swinging of the arms must coincide with the second phase of the board action, by which the take-off powers can be increased, directors modified and appropriate rotations determined (signified by "delta" ) .

There is still one more thing I would like to mention about " take-off" s : the visual control (looking at the r ight thing in the right moment ) . Before one starts the running approach, one must pause and size up intensely the enti re assignment ahead. During the run one must look at the board to assure precise contact with it; but before actually getting there, at the moment, beginning the preparatory jump toward the board, one must shift look­ing up to the spot on the apparatus (horse, buck, box, table, etc.) where the hand-support will be taken up. This practice will eliminate erroneous take-offs and hand­supports.

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23

RINGS

WORLD GAMES COMPULSORIES

AND ANALYSIS

By Cha rlie Simms

1. From straight hand, slowly raise straight body forward , arms slightly bent, to straight inverted hang; bend body and kip backward to free support.

, 2. Swing fore-downward (cast) , lowering to hang; swing backward and inlocate to bent in­verted hang; kip forward to L support; HOLD.

3. Slowly press bent ~rm, straight body hand­stand - HOLD.

4. Lower to horizontal support above the rings and descend slowly (below rings ) arms bent or straight, to horizontal back lever hang - HOLD.

5. - 6. Dislocate; swing forward to straight in­verted hang, bend body to half-inverted hang;' dis­locate and shoot up to handstand (Streuli) - HOLD.

7. Drop forward through hang and back uprise to support. ,

8 . Swing legs forward and drop backward to bent inverted hang; dislocate, straightening the body; swing forward and

9. High straddle dismount to stand.

RINGS ANALYSIS 1. Muscular control is very important on the rings. Each

movement should show that the gymnast has his body under perfect control at all times. The word slow, means just that. A very slight pause at the end of the pull, and then a quick bend and snap to the back kip.

2. Hit the kip as high as possible in order to get the swing forward in a straight arm position before dropping to the inlocate. TIP: it is. better to stop completely after the inlocate and set for a good kip , than it is to hurry the kip and wind up swinging in the "L" position.

3. It is a press, not a swing. Hold handstand "3" count. 4. Work here to hit the horizontal position before passing

below the rings. Many gymnasts drop almost to the inverted hang hefore coming into the back lever position. Hold "3" count.

5. - 6. Take your time here, but remember that there are no stops in this series of movements. Swing as high as possible before bending the body for the second dislocate, and work for solid control of the handstand when shooting up from the bottom.

7. Wait for the uprise to come to you instead of thinking about getting to the support position. Waiting will enable you to evolve a good straight arm rise with smoothness ,and an easy drop to ,

8 .. 9. the inverted hang. Swing high on the dismount, a jack-knife on the come-down will make for a good straight landing.

SUBSCRIBE NOW! THE MODERN GYMNAST P.O., BOX 611 SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA Enclosed find $3,00 for Nine (9) issues of The Modern Gymnast

Cash_ _ Chec~_ Money Order _ _

Name Address, _ _____________ _

City ___ Zone_. __ State _ __ _

24

JUDGING QUIZ ' Below continuing our series of Quickie Qui:res on

your Judging ' knowhow. Every Gymnast should have a fair knowledge of the rules under which he competes. If he reads between the lines, he can also learn those little extra ti ps that improve his competitiveness. Questions are based on the F.I.G. code of points as outlined in the 1960 A AU Handbook.

QUESTIONS - GENERAL Circle correct letter on multiple choice questions, and

write in correct answer as required: 1. A compulsory exercise on the Side Horse, Parallel

Bars, Horizontal Bar, and Rings : A-May not be repeated B- May be repea ted without penalty C- i\'fay he repeated with a penalty of 1.0

2. Falling off an apparatus on either a prescribed or op tional exercise :

A- Terminates the exercise B- Permits a gymnast to remount immediately and

start his exercise again C-Permits a gymnast to remoun t without delay (al­

though he may quickly replenish ma gnesia on hands or replace 'hand protectors) and continue his exercise at the point where it was interrupted - with penalty of 1.0

3. In a compulsory exercise;. if a supple, swinging move­ment is performed with strength and force, or vice versa:

A- The penalty is 1,4 to % of the points alloted to this part

B- The penalty is 1.0 . C- The gymnast loses all credit for this part

4. In optional 'exercises, unnecessary or intermediate swings are:

A-Penalized 0.1 to 0.5 B-Not penalized C- Penalized 0.3

5. An optional exercise on Side Horse, Parallel Bars, Horizont al Bar and Rings:

, A- Must consist of at least 10 principal parts B- Must have at least 7, and not more than 12 parts C--May not consist of more than 15 parts

6. Optional exercises on Side Horse, Parallel Bars, Hori -zontal Bar, Rings, must include:

/1 - -2 "B" parts and 4 "c" parts B-·At least 4 "B" and 1 "c" parts C--6 "A" parts, 4 " B" parts and 2 "c" parts

7. The penalty for omitting a "c" part in an optional exercise is :

A-1.0 B-0.3 to 0.8 C--0.6

8. The penalty for " HOLD" positions being held less than 3 seconds is :

A-O.S B--At least 0.2 to 0.4 C- O.l to 0.3

9. The omission of a movement in a prescribed exercise is penalized:

A-At leas t the extent of points allotted to this part in the eval uation of the exercise

B- 1.0 C- O.S to 1.5

10. An optional exercise: A- May not include any parts of the prescribed ex­

cise B-May include parts of the prescribed exercise if the

combinations before and after these parts are different from those of the prescribed exercise

C-Will be penalized 0.5 for each part of the com­pulsory exercise used

* * 'a-OI 'Y-6 'J-8 'J-L 'g-9 'Y-<; 'y·v 'V-f: 'J-Z 'a ' I : Sl;JM.SUY

I AAD I GYMNASTIC GUIDE for 1962-63 is now available from the amateur Athletic Union, 233 Broadway, New York 7, N. Y. at the price of $1.50.

Glenn G. Wilson

National Association of

Gymnastics Coaches NAGC NEWS

by Glenn Wilson Gymanstics Coach, University of Colorado

During the Christmas holidays your Secretary­Treasurer attended the Western States Gymnastics Clinic, held at the University of Arizona. I'm sure the Clinic will be reported elsewhere, but there are several observations about the Clinic which may be of interest.

Many fine 'pieces of gymnastic equipment from several companies, including experimental appar­atus, were made available for practice during the Clinic. Speaking from the coaches' point of view, I don't believe we have ever had it so good. The equipment shown at this Clinic was made to be better lookin g, move easier' and more quickly, and had a better engineering design. Also, the manu­factu rers' representatives seemed to be eager to hear our suggestions and comments about each piece of equipmen t. The most interesting pieces of equipment were presented by Nissen-Medart and th Gym Master Corporation. The Nissen Medart Company demonstrated an experimental twisting belt which promises to be a boon to the body land­ings on the trampoline and a useful aid to teach­ing on Parallel Bars and the High Bar where other belts could not be used. The Gym Master Corpora. tion (formerly Fenner-Hamilton Co.) presented a new portab le Horizontal Bar with an attachment for the Still Rings . In a gymnasium where the 18 foot hang is inadvisable this is exceptionally fine. The High Bar was very stable w1th only one draw­back - the rubber pads sitting on the floor were a littl e slippery, but the bar did not need people standing on it to keep it still. Nuff sed about the Clinic.

STATISTICS The statistics chairman tells me that the response

to the initial letter is good, but not 100% yet. So, all yo u coaches get on the ball and send your team roster and two copies of your schedule to John Ostarello, Dept. of Physical Education, University

of California, Berkeley 4, California. Whether yo u participate or not the reports will be mailed to each member, but it would be much more accurate with yo ur help.

For those who aren't familiar with the N.A.G.C. statistics pro gram I'll attempt to give a brief ex­planation. Each week colleges report the results of their dua l meets to the statistics chairman who in turn computes them and puts them in final report form each week. The weekly reports include: (1) dual meet results; (2) gymnasts with the best season average; (3) teams with best averages; and (4) unbeaten teams, etc. The reports were mailed to participating coaches only last year, since the program was merely experimental. Those coaches in the program felt that it is was good, so it prompted us to send the reports to all of our mem­bers.

1962 N.C.A.A. RULES The 1962 N.C.A.A. Rule Book is now available.

If yo u haven' t already received a copy yo u can do so by writing to the American Trampoline Company.

NEWS ITEMS I'm sure that many I.A.G.C. members have in­

teresting news items, but so far I heven' t received them. Any news yo u have would be appreciated, including reports of meets, clinics or camps. In order to get yo ur items printed in the next issue you should get them in to me before February 1, 1962.

MEMBERSHIP (j UESTIO NNA IRE Returns from the questionnaire sent out by Mr.

Wettstone are comin g in rather slowly, I'm sorry to say. So far only 67 member have returned the card. Since this is a very important building block for the state of gymnastics I would urge yo u to return this ca rd immediately. Part of our cam­paign depends upon our organization presenting a united front. The N.C.A.A. officials who need this information could use it late in January, so hurry.

. JOIN NOW APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

INTO THE NAGC

Enclosed find $2.00 for 1961 dues.

N'~~~"""" " """"' ('pi~~~~' ~~~'~"~~" ~;i~~i'"' ''' .... ..... .

Mailing Address

Renewal. ...... ..... .. Membership New .......... _ .. .

Send: to:

(Check One)

GLENN WILSON Gymnastics Coach University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado

25

GYMNASTIC STATISTICS AND JUDGING REPORTS

The Japan Intercollegiate Gymnastic Meet Date: August 3·6, 1961 Place: Okayama, Japan

A Study On Free Calisthenics Composition {male} reported by:

Tadao Uesako, Coach-1960 Rome Olympic Game Performances 174

Frequencies of C moves Scores

None 1 2 3 4

Persons 32 70 50 21

1

Most frequently used C moves Persons

. 47 Fonvard handspring- Front somersault 44 Inverted cross handstand 32 Back handspring-back somersault-back

handspring 14 Back somersault half twist

6.00-8.80 7.60-9.75 7.20-9.55 7.65-9.60 9.30

12 Back handspring- backward dive half turn to forward roll

11 Straight body press handstand 10 Back somersault full twist 7 Forward somersault-fonvard roll-forward

somersault 8 One·arm handstand

Most frequently used combination of two C moves Persons

17 Two tumbling moves 21 Inverted handstand-one tumbling move

2 Inverted handstand-one arm handstand

Most frequently used combinations of three C moves Persons

10 Two tumbling moves- inverted handstand 4 Inverted handstand- press to handstand with

straight body-tumbling 3 Three tumbling moves

AN EXPLANATION By Yoshiro Hatano

Assistant Gym ' Coach Michigan State University

In Japan, the Intercollegiate Gymnastic Meet is con· sidered easier than the National Meet (A.A.U.) . Only the champion of this meet, Nagasawa, made the team against the Russian team this fall. But the other representatives such as Ono, Aihara, and Endo have close contact with these collegiate gymnasts. Therefore, the trend of routines and performances are supposed to be similar between b9th two groups.

Gymnasts are taught to use two or three DIFFERENT types of C moves in a routine. The statistics show that the most frequently used ' C moves are combinations of handsprings, somersaults, and inverted handstands (cross h·andstands). Though tumbling moves are more popular than , other types of C moves, fewer twisting skills are used than in America. It can be said to be the Japanese trend, which comes from the lack of rebound tumbling and twisting belt application in training.

A routine with one C move can make as 'high score as several C's. This shows the importance of execution. Gym· nasts should work out not only for difficult moves, but also for better executions.

All of the top gymnasts in Japan are perfecting twisting skills. For example, all of the Japanese men's gymnas.ts who visited the U. S. this May used a half or full III

their free ex routines. As time passes they hope to perfect more twisting skills. '

26

THE JUDGING OF THE 1961 WESTERN CONFERENCE AND NATIONAL COLLEGIATE

ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION GYMNASTIC MEETS John A. Faulkner and Newt Loken

University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan

Four judges judged the contestants in the Western Con· ference and in the NCAA Gymnastic Meet. Positions were assigned on the basis of the two day gross net score. The net score in the preliminaries and in the finals is deter­mined by dropping the high and the low score and taking the average of the middle two scores. The net score of the preliminaries and the net score of the finals are averaged to obtain the gross net score. Gymnastic competition always has and always will be plagued with the problem of subjective judging. When competent and unbiased judges assess the performance of competitors of different abilities there is little danger of gross inequities in judging. How· ever, when ,national championships are held and places are decided on the basis of fractions of points one is not assured that judges are capable of such fine discriminations in performance.

Hunsicker and Loken* found correlations of 0.777 to 0.975 among the five judges of the six events in the 1951 NCAA Championships. The horizontal bar had the greatest and tumbling the least agreement among the judges. The authors suggested on the basis of the relatively high cor­relations that "since the judges are purported to be experts it appears irrational to ignore the ratings of two because they happen to be high or low."

In the present study, we have used four statistics to assess the distribution and consistency of the judges' esti­mates of performance. The average or mean indicates the central tendency of the data, the standard deviation indio cates the amount of dispersion from the mean, the average deviation indicates the amount of dispersion of each judge's score from the net score, and the coefficient of correlation indicates the degree to which the judge's score ,and the net score place the competitors in the same order of finish. The rationale of the last two measures is that gymnastic authorities have accepted the net score as the best measure of the "true or actual" score of the contestant's, ability. Therefore, we have determined the ability of the judge (1) to mark on the same scale as the net score by aver· aging his deviations from it and (2) to arrive at the same result as the net score in determining the order of finish of the contestants by calculating the coefficient of corre· lation. The average of the four julges' scores was also correlated with the net score to assess the effect this pro· cedure might have upon the final outcome.

The standard deviations indicate that the finalists in the NCAA meet were of more homogeneous ability than the finalists in the Western Conference meet (less disper· sion of scores). The only exception was the horizontal bar, an event in which there were two NCAA finalists with incomplete performances because of fall·offs. The most tightly contested events were the NCAA parallel bars and tumbling. The judges of these two events showed little deviation from the net score (low average deviations). They did, however, differ considerably on the order of finish (low correlations).

In the trampoline and swinging rings, although the judges marked .an widely different scales, their assignment of places showed great consistency. In both only one judge appeared inc'onsistent in his judgments of an event. This conclusion was based upon his inability to mark on the same scale as the other three judges and to assign a similar order of finish. Compared to the net score, his average deviation was 0.35 and his correlation was 0.60. This judge did, however, demonstrate adequate competency in the judging of another event.

In both meets, major discrepancies were noted in the assignment of scores in the event of a fall·off. Under these

circumstances individual judges differed as much as four points (6.0 to 2.0). Although such discrepancies will rarely influence the final placing of contestants, it does raise considerable doubt in the minds of coaches, competitors, and spectators on the objectivity of the judging.

Conclusions. On the basis of a statistical analysis of the Western Conference and, National Collegiate Athletic Association Gymnastic Meets the following conclusions are warranted: '

1. The majority of the judges in both meets and in all events display little deviation from the net score in their assignmen t of scores. Judges of the parallel bars, the side horse, and the still rings had the least deviation. whereas, the judges of the trampoline and the swinging rings had the most deviation.

2. The majority of judges in both meets displayed good agreement on the order of finish of the contestants. The lowest correlations between the order of finish assigned' by individual judges and that assigned by the net ,score occurred in events in which the competitors showed little range in ability. Thus the judges agreed on the level of ability of the competitors but the differences among com­petitors were so small that they were interpreted differently by the individual judges.

3. The majority of judges who had high average devia· tions from the net score had high correlations with the net score. These judges, consequently, ranked the competi­tors approximately the same way as the net score but on a higher or lower scale.

4. Several studies have now substantiated the ability of unbiased judges to make consistent judgments of champion­ship gymnastic events. We, therefore, reiterate that the average of the four judges' scores would give essentially the same result in events where the competitors demonstrate a spread of ability. In events where the competitors were closely packed in ability, it would probably give a better estimate of the final order of finish than the average of the middle two scores. Whatever objective criteria are provided, each judge must apply his own subjective inter­pretation of these criteria to the performance. With the net score, sometimes his interpretation is accepted and

Table 1. The mean (average score), standard deviation, average deviation from the net score, and the correlation of the sum of the scores of the four judges with the net score.

Event

Parallel Bars Big Ten

, NCAA Side Horse

Big Ten NCAA

Horizontal Bar Big Ten NCAA

Trampoline Big Ten NCAA

Free Exercise Big Ten NCAA

Still Rings Big Ten NCAA

Tumbling Big Ten NCAA

Swinging Rings

Mean

8.81 9.23

8.36 8.97

8.84 8.89

8.09 7.54

8.92 8.98

8.34 9.12

8.13 8.48

Big Ten none

Standard Average DeViation Deviation

0.335 6.183

0.936* 0.672

0.672* 2.50*

0.742* 0.557

0.339 0.322

1.320* 0,415

0.514 0.234

0.18 O.ll

0.22 0.12

0.14 0.23

0.14 0 .. 33

0.13 0.18

0.16 0.13

0.20 0.20

Coefficient of Correlation

0.985 0.983

0.999 0.996

0.998 1.000

0.990 0.998

0.994 0.982

0.998 0.994

0.998 0.939

NCAA 8.13 1.23* 0.32 0.995 * Standard Deviation is increased by one or more fall·offs.

NOTE: One standard deviation above and below the mean encompasses approximately two· thirds of the scores. A correlation of 1.00 indicated an identical assignment of scores and position by both methods.

sometimes it is rejected. If the judge is unbiased and competent, this is not logical. We advise that in national champion,ships the scores of the four judges be averaged. We have not analyzed international events and at this time are not prepared to theorize on the effect of this procedure where judges of different nationalities are involved.

6. A judge may be competent to judge competitors of national caliber in one event and incompetent to do so in other even ts.

7. Judges require more direction in the scoring of in­complete performances to reduce the range of scores assign­ed in the event of a fall·off.

8. A statistical analysis of the scores of gyninastic com­petition can provide valuable assessments of the quality of the judgments and insight into problem areas and areas of misinterpretation. The analyses can aid in the selection and improvement of judges.

* Hunsicker, Paul and Loken, Newt. "The objectivity of judging at the National Collegia te Athletic Association Gymnastic Meet." Research Quarterly. 22 :423·426, 1951.

The statistics appear in abbreviated form in Table 1. A complete analysis of the data may be obtained from the authors.

Table 1. The mean (average score), standard deviation, average deviation from the net score, and the correlation of the sum of the scores of the four judges with the net score.

= . BOOK REVIEW

FA .M/LY FITNESS FaLla by Charles J. Frankel, M.D., Associate Prof. Orthopedics, University of Virginia. Price $1.25.

This booket contains twelve exercises with thirty photo illustrations. The exercises include explanations of muscle action and purpose of u,;e. The bookl et contains other suggested exercises and thoughts on health along with calorie values and expenditure charts. Also included is a desirable weight chart , notes on sports and exercise, facts on lower back problem, facts on degenerative heart disease plus a monthly achievement chart to aid in your personal fitness program. Book can be ordered from the Lawrence Frankel Institute, Inc., 106 Brooks St., Charleston 1, West Virginia .

* * YOUTH PHYSICA L FITNESS: U. S. Government Print· ing Office. Washington, D. C. Price 40c.

Youth Physical Fitness contains suggested elements of a school·centered program put out by the President's Council on Youth Fitness. Contains line illustrations, charts and exercises for fitness and testing along with program· ming and evaluations.

27

19&1 MARIT ME CHAMPIONSHIP4i .............

"y" Team Trophies at Maritime Championships

Meet Results

MARITIME CHAMP IONSHIPS The following a l'e the first two

place w inners from the 3rd Annua l Maritime Gymnast ic Championships held at the H a lifax YMCA, Saturday, ~~~~~b~~in~~r~nd the first three all

JUNIOR BOYS Bob Currie, YMCA, 1st All-Aro und

- vauiting, high bar, 2nd free calis­thenics, rings and para ll e l bars.

Chick Waddell, YMCA, 1st Free Calisth enics - r ings, parallel bars, 2nd All-Around, high bar.

Wayne Dacey, YMCA, 2nd Free Calisthenics, 3rd ' All-Around.

Paul Theria ult and Pat Delaney (City Recreation), tie for · 2nd v a.ulting.

INTERMEDIATE MEN Don Engle, YMCA, 1s t All -Around

- rings, free ca listh enics, p a rall e l bars.

Bob' Coombes, YMCA, 1st high bar , 2nd All-Around, s till rings.

Harry Dunbar, YMCA, 1s t vaulting , 2nd free calisthenics, 3rd All-Around .

D avid O 'Connell, YMCA, 2nd high bar.

Bob Waddell, Independent, 2nd vaulting and paralle l bars.

SENIOR MEN Staff Sgt. MacDona ld , Army, 1s t

. .All -A ro und - free calisthenics, vault­ing, rings, . 2nd high bar and para lle l ba r s .

Ernie Smith, Navy, 1st high bar, 2nd free calisthenics, vaulting, A II -' Around.

Cpl. Cliff Vandale , Army, 1st par­a ll e l bars, 2nd rings, 3rd All -Around.

TROPHY WINNERS L . R. Hayter Trophy, Junior Tea m ,

YMCA: Takashi Ono Trophy (Ja pa n­ese ), Intermediate Individual, Don Eagle; Boris Sh.akhlin Trophy (Rus-

28

s ia n), Intermediate T eam , YMCA: Masao T a ke m oto Trophy (Japan ese),' Senior Indiv idua l, Staff Sgt. MacDon- , a id ; J a n\es Hoyle Trophy, Senior . Team , Army: .Joseph Stald e r Trophy (Swiss ) , Best Cluh. YMCA. '

. COMPETI NG CLUBS Army (Gagetown), Navy (H.M.C.S!

Gatinea ux) , C ity Rec r eation (North End Gymnastic C lub) , School for the Deaf (Amhers t) , YMCA (Ha lifax).

SACRAMENTO INVITATIONAL The meet took place on December 4

at Sacra mento State College a nd was called the Camellia Bowl Invitational Gymnastics Championships.

There w er e 1500 people a t the meet so it was quite successful. We h ad T .V. coverage and all turned out well for a ll. H er e are the results of the meet:

ALL-AROUND: Bob Lynn, USC, 548; Terry Hale, USC, 525 ; Roy Davis, S.F. Olympic Club, 459.

FREE EXERCISE: Bob Lynn, USC; Curt R ebha n , Sac ramento State; Bill Borden, U. of California.

TRAMPOLINE: Bob Jus tine, S.F. Olympic Club; Jerry Person ius, Sacra­mento Sta te ; D ave Loskutoff, U. of California (tie for 'second).

ROPE CLIMB : Paul D a vis, U. of Californ ia, 3. 0 sec. ; Mike Nelson , U. nf California, 3.7 sec. ; Bill Brady, U. of California, 4.1 sec. .

SIDE HORSE: Jim FairChild, S.F. Olympic Club ; Bob Lynn, USC (tie for first); T erry Rale, USC, 3rd .

HORIZONTAL BAR: B ob Lynn, U SC ; T elTY Hale, USC; E'arl Hobbs , Sacra m ento State.

STILL RINGS: Rich'a rd Schmidt, U. o f California ; R. Golden, U. of Cali­fornia ; S. Zahm, U . of California.

PARALLEL BARS: Bob Lynn, USC; E a r l Hobbs, Sac ramento State ; Terry Hale, USC.

TUMBLING: M. Suthe rla nd , U . of California; Bob Lynn, USC; B ill Bor- ' den, U. of Ca.lifornia,

Dear Sirs: Here in Lovington our students are

very interested in Gymnastics. At the first of the school year we had 227 girls and boys turn out for our Gym­nastic Club in the lunior High . .. this from a student body of approxi­mately 500 students.

* Dear Glenn:

Sincerely, Miss Vonnie Robinson Instructor Lovinl!ton lunior High New Me:tfco

* My instructor at the Lincoln Turners

told me his November-December issue of "Modern Gymnast" arrived on the 30th of November. On the same day I received my luly-August and September­October issues.

Since late deliveries mean missing out on some of the important current' activities, I would appreciate it if y_ou would account for not sending mr November-December issue and whr the preceding two issues were sent so late.

I remain a loral sup parter of "MG" Roy K. Uenishi

ED. : Your instructor seems to get M.G. before we print them. (We're sure he just presumed it to be the Nov.-Dec. issue because of the timing)

Gentlemen: Perhaps you can help ~e. 1 am try­

ing to locate a gymnasLUm summer camp for boys in the eastern part of the country. My sons have been to the National Summer Palaestrum 'in Michi­gan, but 1 und~rstand that there is at least one gymnastic camp in New York state. It will be sincerely' appreciated if you can supply any information con­cerning any and all camps specializing in gymnastics and apparatus training.

Alfred J. Weintraub Ed.: We would appreciate it if all

camps or clubs which have a summer gymnastics training program would send us the dates and places. We will put all information into a speci.lll camps and clinic calendar which will run continually in the M.G. as a service to camps and our readers.

.. .. * Dear Sir ~

Please. find enclosed a picture of the Michigan High School State Gymnas­tics Champions from St. Clair High School. '

This meet was held at Ionia High School. Alpena H.S. was the runner up and Ionia H.S. was third. Some 16 teams took part in this meet. After 31 years this was the first officially recog­nized State supported ' High School Championship Meet.

Sincerely, Ed Bingtson, Gym. Coach St. Clair High School, Michigan

Dear Glenn: Just line to say hello and compliment

you on the progress of your magazine. 1 am after, assistance from you if possible. Is it possible for you to let

, me have detailed information of move­ments for Hoops, Ribbon and Ball Work as performed by the Hungarian and Czech Girls at the Olympic Games? I feel that if a series of Mass work suitable for general display were in-

, eluded in your Magazine, it would help promote general gymnastics, and it is from the masses that you will gain your Olympic Sper;ialist.

Regarding the Ball, Hoops, etc., any suggestions as to where 1 can get good variety of material on items suitable for school gymnastic displays, pageants would be gratefully accepted. There is plenty of material on Olympic Work like Bars, but it is the free work, Folk Dances and Agility suggestions, espe-

, cially in girls work, as six of my schools ', are all girls. Pyramids like opening of

a Rose which I saw on a Russian Film is an example. 1 will leave it to you with your resources to advise me.

Yours, Allan E. Goldby 425 Sturt Street Ballarat, Victoria, Australia

ED.: Thanks Allan for the sugges­tions, we will include some of these ideas in near future editions of the M.G .... In the meantime if any of our teacher or foreign readers have any special information on these subjects send them on to us . .. or to Mr. Gold­by in Australia.

Dear Glenn: 1 have been an interested ,reader of

The Modem Gymnast for the past two years . 1 find it useful as well as enter­taining, and it serves as an 'aid in motivating our program.

We have a unique program here called The Early Bird Program. This is a coeducational gymnastic and physi­cal fitness program open to all of our students in grades from 7th-12th. With 200 signed up, an average of ' 60-80 usually appear at a time. They are dressed and in the gym at 6:30 A.M. three mornings a week.

The floor is covered with mats for tumbling and balancing, trampolines, 4 climbing ropes, weights for lifting and training, 4 sets of rings, one side horse, one set of parallel bars, medicine balls, jumping ropes, and an area for free­exercise.

Every student must learn to spot, and to know the l£se for spotting devices. Each person must also learn to teach what he knows, and each must help the other.

Our intention with this program is to help the students form the habit of exercising, to help them improve their

" physical condition, and to develop skills in the activities of their own choice.

Tho'ught . 'You would like to hear about us. Sincerely.

FRANRAYE Director of Physical Education and Athletics Blodgett Vocational High School Syracuse 4, New York

Coach Bingtson and his Michigan High School State Gymnastic Championship Team. Front row, left to right: Dave Arnold, Jim Hurt, John Rinn, Ron Aurs, Tom Hurt. Back row, left to right: Jim Arnold, Dennis Smith, Gary Wanamaker and Pete Jones.

M.G.

MORE GYMNASTS AND SWIMMERS now depend on SportShelf News to keep abreast of New and In-Print Books on GYM­NASTIC and related sports as well as all other sports, recreation and hobbies from all over the world. MONTHLY, 9 times a year; $1.50 a year ($2.00 outside U.S.) ... Also U.S. Agent for SKILL magazine, British bi-monthly . . . $1 .50 per year . Send your subscriptions today! MAGAZINE RACK, p . O. Box 721, New Rocheile, N. '(.

MEN'S GYMNASTIC PANTS: Made from finest double stretch ny lon in White or Navy . Price $12.95. These are made to measure so be sure 1'0 include accurate measurements as follows : Waist, Hips, Thigh, Calf, Ankle, Inside and Outside leg length. Please send money order or check with order t o: THE GYMNAST, Glenwood, The Pork, Sidcup, Kent, England.

GYMNASTIC FILM: "1960 Rome Olympic Gymnastics" by Ken Bartlett - 2 reels 600 and 800 ft. black and white 16mm silent shot at 24 frames per second . Rental : $10.00 for both reels . Purchase price: $55 .00 per reel or, $100.00 for the total 1,400 ft . Write to: Ken Bartlett, Gymnastics Coach, L.B .S.C., Long Beach 4/ Calif.

THE GYMNAST: The Official Magazine of the Amateur Gym­nastic. Associat ion of Great Britain. Filled with News, Results, Phot os and Instruction o f gy mnastic s in Great Britain and the Continent. Published Quarterl y. Send $1 .00 for a year's subscripti on to : J. P. PRESTIDGE , Glenwood, The Park , Sid­

.cup , Kent , Great Br i ta in . {Single cop ies may be obtained from the Sun-Bee Gym Shop, 11756 Gorham A ve., Los Angeles 49, Ca_~ifornil .a -:- fo~ 25cl. . __ ___ . __ . __

USED GYM EQUIPMENT: Parallel Bar Roils 10ft., new but slightly warped, $19.95 pair; Climbing Ropes 18 ft., $14.00; Horse with pommels, $85.00 (no casters); Nissen Trampoline Pit Units, web bed and springs,. $150.00; Finner-Homilton, 1 C by 17 - web bed cables and pads, $350.00. GYMNASTIC SUPPLY CO. , Box 1067, Son Pedro, Calif.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION BOOKS ••• Bought and Sold. All sports, games , recreation, fitness , etc. Send me your wonts. ED LEVIN, 7668 Winnetka Ave. , Winnetka , Calif. --~.-. -- - .. --.. ---- .

SPECIAL: Gymnast ic Pants (Reject Seconds) $5.00 ppd. 100% wool , cream in color . Thin and tight but excellent for work­outs. Up t o 30Y2" waist only. State waist and inseam measure­ments. Order From : FRANK ENDO, 12200 So. Berendo ' Ave., l.A. 44, Calif.

C;OACH: F.or that · EXTRA POWER consider a weight-traini~g program for your gymnasts. Send fo r our illustrated catalog today - . with what ever specific questions you may have. We will be glad to help you get started using The latest weight training systems. Write to . MARCY GYMNASIUM EQUIPMENT CO., 1398 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles 26, Calif.

THE GYMNAST: The Official Magazine of the Amateur Gym­nastic. Association of Great Britain. Filled with News, Results, Photos and Instruction of gymnast ics in Great Britain and the Continent . Published Q~orterly . Send $1 .00 for a year's subscription to : J. P. PRESTIDGE, Glenwood, The Park , Sid­cup , Kent, Great Britoin. (Single copies may be obtained from the Sun-Bee Gym Shop, 11756 Gorham Ave., Los Angeles 49 Coliforn i ia - for 25cl .

GYMNASTIC FILMS: For Sale or Rental. Write to : VAN DIXON , Box 611 , Santa Monica, Calif.

M .G. BILLBOARD: DO you have something to sell , New or Used. Place on ad in the M .G. BILLBOARD for quick results . Just $2.00 . a line (Minimum Ad $6.00). M.G. BILLBOARD, Box 61 1, Sa.nt,,- .Monica, Calif.

;-----' GYMNAST PHOTO CONTEST ----, THE MODERN GYMNAST PHOTO CONTEST

is open to all readers of the M.G. the World aver. There will be pri;!:es for 1 st, 2nd and 3rd place

winning photos which are printed in forthcoming editions of The Modern Gymnast. , .. _. 1 st place - $10.00 Gift Certificate for books advertised in the M.G. Bookshelf or by Frank Endo.

2nd place - Complete set of back edition M.G.s, Volumes I and II.

3rd place - Gift Subscription to The Modern Gymn~st. .

Develops amateurs into finished gymnasts and tumblers in half the t ime. Provides far greater safety. Dispels fear. Simplifies coach ­ing. Delivered. . $1:15.00.

158 OFFICIAL PARAllElS .. ... $530.00 (11'6" rails)

161 UNEVEN PARAllElS ...... $630.00 122 WOODEN POMMElS .... . ,. $ 38.00

(Fit any brand horse. Send outline of existing pommels.)

264 OFFICIAL WOODEN RINGS $ 26.00 (Per pair.)

64·Page

CATALOG SEND NOW

mYMIC " DUPPLY

mO NY, INC. 250 WeST SIXTH ST SAN PEDRO. CALIFORNIA

Hand Balancing

PAIR·O·LLETS

9" Long 6" High T' Wide -Base

EXTREMELY 5T ABLE Extra strong-Carry them with you

wherever you travel ..

SEND ONLY $5.95 POST PAID

DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR

NO C.O.D·s PLEASE

Photo-Balancing Course ________ $1 ,00 (Not included with Pa i r·o-lietsl

ORDER FROM

MARCY GYM EQUIPMENT 1398 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles 26, Calif.

FRANK ENDO

12200 SO. SERENDO, LOS ANGELES 44, CALIF.

GYMNASTIC POWER CHALK

Prevent needless slips and falls by using t he f ines! imported gymnast ic powder cha lk . Exclus ively used by the Olympic Champion Japanese Team. Use direct from the 2 lb . bag . Try it and you will o rder for more.

RATES 6 Ibs. - 1 carton ..................... 75c lb .

18 Ibs. - . 3 cartons..... . .............. 70c lb. 60 Ibs . - 10 cartons ..... .... .............. 60c ·lb .

CHALK BOX, f its 2 lb. bag. Finished in mu lti-color for long lasting beauty. Special at p .50.

Three 2- lb. bags to a ca rton.

Prices are F.O.B. Los Angeels, Cal if.

JAPANESE GYMNASTIC BOOKS (with English supplemental sheets)

"HORIZONTAL BAR" & "PARALLEL BARS" pamphlets. Each pamphlet has same 350 ac­tual photos of sequence movements. Recom­mended for spec ia list . By Takemoto. $ 1.00 each ppd

"SEQUENCE ILLUSTRATED GYMNASTICS" Excellent pamphlet or charts covering pyra­mids, doubl~s tumbling, horizonta l bar, rings, side horse, paralle l ba rs and long horse . By Homma & Endo. Only $1.50 ppd. "GYMNASTICS ILLUSTRATED," 365 pages on a ll Olympic apparatus for men . Suggested

. for all-around gymnasts. By Takemoto. $3 .95 ppd.

"ILLUSTRATED WOMEN'S GYMNASTICS" 224 page on balance beam, uneven parallel bars and side horse vaulting By Ta kemoto. $395 ppd "HORIZONTAL BAR," 176 pages of out ­standing drawings, illustrations, ond photos of lop gymnasls in the world performing in­termediate and advanced movements. By Ha mada, Takemoto & Kona. $4.50 ppd

WR ITE FOR FREE BROCHURE

SHOES and HANDGRIPS

Thi s is the imported gymnastic canvas shoe warn by the W orld and Olymp ic Champions . Top edge is bound with canvas for that ·wear-eve r s trong construction . Double duty elostic straps across the top provides for that perfect fit and appearance. So le made of long"wearing white rubbe r. Shoe app roved for wome n . Orde r same size a s your street shoe o r draw outline of foot on paper for correct size. ·In white only .

Sizes: Kids, 12-5; Adults, 6 - 12 . . Only $2 .50 pair, postpaid

HANDGRIP made of pliant but very s trong Japanese leather. Perfectly designed to give safe ty and pro tection to those hands . Identical handg rip worn by Melbourne and Rome · horizontal bar Go ld Medal winner.

Sizes: Small , Medium and Lorge. Only $1.4 0 pair, postpaid

Immediate deli very. .10 %· team discount for 12 pairs shoes or handgrips.

NEW PRODUCTS

STRETCH SOCKS 1001'0 Nylon, white in color. R.ecommended for ringmen. Fits sizes 6 - I I

LEATHER

$1.85 pro ppd.

GYMNASTIC SHOES $4.25 pro ppd. Identical shoes worn by OLympic Cham­pions. Elastic straps across top for that snug fit. White leather. State shoe size

NYLON & WOOL GYM PANTS Expertly designed and tailored . Permanent pleats sewn down front of pants. Zipper on side. State waist and inseam measurements.

Naylon (white) pants Wool (cream) pants

$12.95 pro ppd. $16.50 pro ppd.

NISSEN MATS

new LIGHTNESS -- new EXPANSION feature -- new COLOR

Extremely lightweight (less than a pound per sq. ft.) and easy to handle even for youngsters, these new all purpose mats are perfect for tumbling, apparatus activities or any place where mats are used . Special "Valero" touch fasteners on edges, al­low basic 4 foot sections to be easily attached to form any length mat desired. Made with 11/2" super shock absorbing polyethylene foam covered with a tough, washable vinyl cover­ing. Rubberized fabric on under side prevents slipping. Unique panel construction allows mats to be folded and stacked for storage. Colorful blue and tan 4 foot sections are available in

. 4, 5 and 6 foot widths. Write for complete information.

NISSENM EDART CEDAR RAPIDS. IOWA Nissen mats "press" together to form any length mat desired.

world's largest manufacturer of gymnasium apparatus