Mass media and communication

Group Members Nayab Zahra

090303-001

Fatima Ahmad 100403-007

Ifra Qureshi 090303-020

M. Ali Aktar 100403-006

UMTSUBMITTED TO MR. AHMAD

SHEIKH

UMT Lahore, Pakistan

Presented to: Sir Ahmad

Sheikh

Mass Media & Communication

Types of Communication

Physical Communication

Media

Physical Media• Physical media we mean channels where the

person who is talking can be seen and heard by the audience.

• See the body language and feel the climate in the room.

• If a message is perceived as important to the receiver they expect to hear it live from their manager.

Example

Mechanical Media

Mechanical Communication

• But they can also be very fast.

• Because it is written, it is always interpret by the reader based on “his or her mental condition”.

Examples

Broadcast Media

Broadcast Media/Broadcast

ing• The term broadcast was first adopted by early radio engineers from the Midwestern United States.

• Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via any audio visual medium.

• Originally all broadcasting was composed of analog signals using analog transmission techniques and more recently broadcasters have switched to digital signals using digital transmission.

Digital Media• Digital media is a form of electronic media where data is stored in digital form. It can refer to the technical aspect of storage and transmission of information or to the “End Product", such as digital video, augmented reality or digital art.

• This emerged in the latter part of the 20th century. New media are the cultural objects which use digital computer technology for distribution and exhibition.  Internet, websites, computer multimedia, video games.

• New media does not include television programs, feature films, magazines, books, or paper-based publications unless they contain technologies that enable digital interactivity.

• Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia, is an example, combining Internet accessible digital text, images and video with web-links, creative participation of contributors, interactive feedback of users and formation of a participant community of editors and donors for the benefit of non-community readers. 

NEW

MEDIA

Hypermedia• Hypermedia is a computer-based

information retrieval system that enables a user to gain or provide access to texts, audio and video recordings, photographs and computer graphics related to a particular subject.

• Hypermedia is used as a logical extension of the term hypertext in which graphics, audio, video, plain text and hyperlinks intertwine to create a generally non-linear medium of information.

• The World Wide Web is a classic example of hypermedia, whereas a non interactive cinema presentation is an example of standard multimedia due to the absence of hyperlinks.

Static Media• Static media include text

and still-pictures (graphics, photo, illustrations). These media are stable over time, i.e. enabling the observer to perceive the information in a self-chosen speed.

• Examples:TextPictures

Dynamic Media

• Dynamic media are those including sound, voice, animation, video, (interactive-) and simulations.

• Compared to static media, dynamic media represent unstable information from the point of view of the observer.

• The flow of the information is normally beyond the control of the observer. Examples:SongsVideos

Streaming Media And Real Time

Streaming Media

Allows users to watch or listen to content without downloading.

Real Time Media• When an event or function is

processed instantaneously, it is said to occur in real-time. To say something takes place in real-time is the same as saying it is happening "live" or "on-the-fly." 

• Real-time also describes the way streaming media is processed. Instead of waiting for a file to completely download, the information is played back as it is downloaded. This allows for news broadcasts, sound clips, and other streaming audio and video data to be played live from the Internet.

Podcast

• Radio and TV programs available “online” after they have been broadcasted.

• They can also be edited and also

re-broadcasted.

Teletext

Brief History • Teletext developed in the United Kingdom in

the early 1970s.• It offers text-based information. Subtitle (or

closed captioning) information is also transmitted in the teletext signal.

• It is basically set up by the researcher to send Closed captioning information to the audience across the country .

Close caption information

• CCI is the process of displaying text on a television, video screen or other visual display.

• Purpose; to provide additional information. • It show a transcription of the audio portion of

a program.

Development • In 1972 the BBC demonstrated their system,

now known as Ceefax ("see facts") on various news shows.

• The ITA announced their own service in 1973, known as ORACLE.

• In 1973–74, towards the end of 1974 the BBC news department started with 30 pages. The Ceefax service was later expanded to 100 pages and was launched formally in 1976.

• By 1984, the teletext system evolved into what is now known as World System Teletext (WST).

Usage• Teletext can be used to

transmit data in addition to subtitles including information pages, clocks and private data.

• Teletext transmission system has some advantages and disadvantages.

Teletext broadcast service

• It is free and easily accessible to viewers throughout the country.

• Viewers access news, exchange rates and much other resource information on demand from Teletext 24/7.

Applications of Teletext

Advantages of the Teletext system

• Teletext technology is well proven and reliable. • Teletext is aimed mainly at the domestic user, though

some of the information has commercial importance.• People are able to obtain information at any time the

TV station is transmitting.• People can see the news.• people can choose for themselves how long to spend

on any particular item.• Teletext information is frequently updated and urgent

newsflashes.

Advantages of the Teletext system

• People whose hearing is not very good can use teletext .

• service covers news reviews, documentaries, films and other entertainments.

• The viewer can control whether or not the subtitles are displayed.

• A broadcaster can provide more than one language in a Teletext subtitle service.

Advantages of the Teletext system

• Teletext subtitling has been adopted in most countries that use the PAL television system to provide an important service for TV viewers who are hearing impaired.

• Teletext is transmitted along with ordinary television programme signals and thus does not require separate transmitters or additional radio frequencies.

What is Teletext?

Who provides Teletext?

What types of Information and

services do CEEFAX/ORACLE

provide?

What equipment is needed to

receive teletext in the home?• Most users of teletext use a TV set with an

adaptor that was built-in when the TV set was made in the factory.

• It is also possible to buy separate adaptors to convert a non-teletext TV to receive teletext.

How often are teletext pages

updated?

Disadvantages of the Teletext system

Nayab Zahra090303-

001

Fatima Ahmad

100403-

007

Ifra Qureshi

090303-

020

M. Ali Aktar

100403-

006