Literaturverzeichnis - Springer978-3-8349-6121... · 2017-08-26 · Literaturverzeichnis 281 Literaturverzeichnis Abernathy, W.; Clark, K.B. ... A Case Study of Model Changeovers

Literaturverzeichnis

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Sub-

kate

gori

e E

mpi

risc

he M

uste

r

Bew

ertu

ng in

der

Lite

ratu

r

Gr.

1

Gr.

2

Gr.

3

H

G

D

C

B

E

F I

A

Inte

r-ak

tions

-ro

utin

en

1. In

form

elle

Pro

-je

ktko

ordi

natio

n

=> N

eutr

al

Mit

Blic

k au

f die

Fra

ge, o

b eh

er fo

rmel

le o

der i

nfor

mel

le K

oord

i-na

tions

prin

zipi

en In

nova

tions

proz

esse

unt

erst

ütze

n, h

at si

ch in

de

r Lite

ratu

r bis

lang

kei

ne k

onsi

sten

te P

ositi

on h

erau

skris

talli

-si

ert,

da d

ie A

däqu

anz

von

Koo

rdin

atio

nsm

echa

nism

en in

Ab-

häng

igke

it de

s Inn

ovat

ions

grad

s von

Pro

jekt

en v

ariie

rt (v

gl. J

an-

sen

et a

l. 20

06).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2. In

stitu

tiona

lisie

rte

Kom

mun

ikat

ions

rou-

tinen

=>

Posit

iv

Bef

unde

zei

gen,

das

s ins

titut

iona

lisie

rte K

omm

unik

atio

nsm

uste

r, w

ie z

.B. r

egel

mäß

ige

Mee

tings

, die

Gen

erie

rung

inno

vativ

er

Idee

n un

d de

n W

isse

nsau

stau

sch

im A

llgem

eine

n un

ters

tütz

en

(vgl

. Har

gado

n/Su

tton

1997

; Jon

es/C

rave

n 20

01).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

3. O

pera

tive

Kom

-m

unik

atio

nsde

fizite

im

Rah

men

der

CPU

-N

utzu

ng =

> N

egat

iv

Rou

tinen

, die

ein

e re

gelm

äßig

e un

d ef

fekt

ive

info

rmel

le K

omm

u-ni

katio

n zw

isch

en d

en O

rgan

isat

ions

mitg

liede

rn e

rmög

liche

n,

unte

rstü

tzen

Inno

vatio

nsak

tivitä

ten,

woh

inge

gen

oper

ativ

e K

om-

mun

ikat

ions

defiz

ite d

ie N

utzu

ng v

on In

nova

tione

n er

schw

eren

(v

gl. H

arga

don/

Sutto

n 19

97; M

cGra

th e

t al.

1996

; Edm

onds

on

2003

a).

X

X

X

X

X

X

Such

-ro

utin

en

1) In

divi

duel

le S

uch-

rout

inen

=>

Neu

tral

Zu

die

sem

Mus

ter e

xist

iere

n ke

ine

eind

eutig

en B

efun

de.

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2) B

egre

nzte

r Aus

-ta

usch

zw

isch

en d

en

Kra

nken

häus

ern

des

Kon

zern

s =>

Neg

ativ

Erfa

hrun

gsau

staus

ch z

wis

chen

Unt

erne

hmen

in N

etzw

erke

n st

ellt

eine

wic

htig

e W

issen

sque

lle fü

r Unt

erne

hmen

dar

, zum

al a

uf

dies

e W

eise

impl

izite

s Wis

sen

besc

haff

t wer

den

kann

. Em

piris

che

Bef

unde

zei

gen,

das

s Inn

ovat

ions

proz

esse

von

die

sem

Erf

ah-

rung

saus

taus

ch p

rofit

iere

n (v

gl. D

oz 1

996;

Dye

r/Nob

eoka

200

0;

Zollo

et a

l. 20

02).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

3) E

xter

ner W

isse

ns-

aust

ausc

h =>

Pos

itiv

Die

Akq

uisi

tion

von

Wis

sen

aus e

xter

nen

Que

llen

erw

eite

rt di

e W

isse

nsba

sis v

on O

rgan

isat

ione

n un

d er

öffn

et so

Pot

enzi

ale

für

neue

Kom

bina

tione

n bz

w. i

nnov

ativ

e Pr

oble

mlö

sung

en (v

gl. D

osi

1988

; Coh

en/L

evin

thal

199

0). I

n de

r Akq

uisi

tion

exte

rnen

Wis

-se

ns li

egt e

ine

Mög

lichk

eit,

um P

fada

bhän

gigk

eite

n zu

übe

rwin

-de

n (v

gl. K

arim

/Mitc

hell

2000

).

X

X

X

X

Kom

bi-

natio

ns-

1. In

terp

rofe

ssio

nelle

Te

ams =

> Po

sitiv

In

terd

iszi

plin

äre

und

inte

rpro

fess

ione

lle T

eam

s unt

erst

ütze

n in

-no

vativ

e Pr

oble

mlö

sung

en, w

eil a

uf d

iese

Wei

se E

xper

tenw

isse

n au

s unt

ersc

hied

liche

n B

erei

chen

geb

ünde

lt w

erde

n ka

nn (v

gl.

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

319Anhang

Anhang

E. P. Piening, Prozessdynamiken der Implementierung von Innovationen, DOI 10.1007/978-3-8349-6121-1,© Gabler Verlag | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH 2011

rout

inen

C

lark

/Fuj

imot

o 19

91; B

row

n/Ei

senh

ardt

199

5).

2. U

nzur

eich

ende

Pa

rtizi

patio

n de

r A

dres

sate

n

=> N

egat

iv

Stel

lt ei

ne Im

plem

entie

rung

sbar

riere

dar

, da

auf d

iese

Wei

se d

as

Wis

sen

der A

dres

sate

n ni

cht i

n da

s Pro

jekt

ein

fließ

en k

ann

und

die

Akz

epta

nz e

iner

Inno

vatio

n un

ter d

en M

itarb

eite

rn si

nkt (

vgl.

Edm

onds

on e

t al.

2001

; Edm

onds

on 2

003a

).

X

X

X

X

X

X

3. K

ontin

uier

liche

Ev

alua

tion

der A

b-lä

ufe

=> P

ositi

v

Expe

rimen

telle

Ler

nrou

tinen

wer

den

in d

er L

itera

tur r

egel

mäß

ig

mit

Inno

vatio

nsfä

higk

eit a

ssoz

iiert

(vgl

. Eis

enha

rdt/T

abriz

i 199

5;

Har

gado

n/Su

tton

1997

). In

der

exp

erim

ente

llen

Erpr

obun

g un

d A

npas

sung

ein

er In

nova

tion

liegt

ein

e ze

ntra

le V

orau

sset

zung

für

die

Her

ausb

ildun

g ef

fizie

nter

ope

rativ

er R

outin

en fü

r die

Nut

zung

di

eser

Inno

vatio

n (v

gl. E

dmon

dson

et a

l. 20

01).

X

X

X

Diff

u-si

ons-

rout

inen

1. In

form

atio

nsde

fizi-

te d

er M

itarb

eite

r =>

Neg

ativ

Die

Ber

eits

tellu

ng v

on In

form

atio

nen

für d

ie A

dres

sate

n vo

n In

nova

tione

n is

t une

rläss

lich,

um

sich

ihre

Akz

epta

nz z

u si

cher

n (v

gl. K

lein

et a

l. 20

01; H

olah

an e

t al.

2004

). In

form

atio

nslü

cken

in

Fol

ge e

iner

inef

fekt

iven

Info

rmat

ions

verte

ilung

unt

ergr

aben

im

Um

kehr

schl

uss d

ie A

kzep

tanz

von

Inno

vatio

n (L

ewis

/Sei

bold

19

93).

X

X

X

X

X

X

2 (a

). Le

gitim

ieru

ng

durc

h ex

tern

en D

ruck

=>

Neg

ativ

Bef

unde

zei

gen

Unt

ersc

hied

e in

der

Wirk

sam

keit

dies

er Im

ple-

men

tieru

ngst

aktik

en, w

obei

die

Stra

tegi

e, d

ie M

itarb

eite

r von

den

V

orte

ilen

eine

r Inn

ovat

ion

zu ü

berz

euge

n, a

ls w

esen

tlich

eff

ekti-

ver g

ewer

tet w

ird (v

gl. N

utt 1

986;

Kle

in/K

nigh

t 200

5). D

ie S

tu-

die

von

Edm

onds

on (2

003b

) zei

gt, d

ass I

nnov

atio

nen,

die

dur

ch

norm

ativ

en D

ruck

legi

timie

rt w

erde

n, v

on d

en M

itarb

eite

rn w

eni-

ger a

kzep

tiert

und

genu

tzt w

erde

n.

X

X

X

X

X

X

2 (b

). Le

gitim

ieru

ng

durc

h in

tern

e V

erbe

s-se

rung

en =

> Po

sitiv

X

X

X

3 (a

). O

berf

läch

liche

Sc

hulu

ng d

er M

itar-

beite

r =>

Neg

ativ

Eine

adä

quat

e Sc

hulu

ng d

er M

itarb

eite

r wird

als

ess

entie

lle V

o-ra

usse

tzun

g fü

r ein

e ef

fekt

ive

Nut

zung

von

Inno

vatio

nen

gew

er-

tet,

wei

l Sch

ulun

gsm

aßna

hmen

sow

ohl f

achl

iche

Qua

lifik

atio

nen

als a

uch

die

Akz

epta

nz d

er N

utze

r auf

baue

n kö

nnen

(vgl

. Le-

wis

/Sei

bold

199

3; K

lein

et a

l. 20

01; H

olah

an e

t al.

2004

; Don

g et

al

. 200

8).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

3 (b

). St

rukt

urie

rte

Fortb

ildun

g

=> P

ositi

v

X

X

4. K

odifi

zier

ung

des

Beh

andl

ungs

abla

ufs

– Le

itlin

ien

=>

Pos

itiv

Die

Kod

ifizi

erun

g vo

n W

isse

n un

ters

tütz

t die

Her

ausb

ildun

g vo

n R

outin

en im

Rah

men

von

Inno

vatio

nspr

ozes

sen

(vgl

. H

arga

don/

Sutto

n 19

97; Z

ollo

199

8; Z

ollo

/Win

ter 2

002;

M

arsh

/Sto

ck 2

006)

.

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Punk

te (P

ositi

ve M

uste

r = +

1, N

eutra

le M

uste

r = 0

, Neg

ativ

e M

uste

r = -1

) =>

Gru

ppe

1: [K

H H

: +6

Pkt.;

KH

G: +

5 Pk

t; K

H D

: +4

Pkt.

(Ø +

5 Pk

t.)];

G

rupp

e 2:

[KH

C: -

3 Pk

t.; K

H B

: -3

Pkt.;

KH

E: -

2 Pk

t.; K

H F

: -3

Pkt.

(Ø -2

,75

Pkt.)

]; G

rupp

e 3:

[KH

I: -2

Pkt

.; K

H A

: -2

Pkt.

(Ø -2

Pkt

.)]

Tabe

lle 4

5: O

rgan

isat

iona

le R

outin

en –

Spi

egel

ung

der e

mpi

risc

hen

Mus

ter a

n de

r Lite

ratu

r Q

uelle

: Eig

ene

Dar

stel

lung

320 Anhang

Sub-

kate

gori

e E

mpi

risc

he M

uste

r

Bew

ertu

ng in

der

Lite

ratu

r

Gr.

1

Gr.

2

Gr.

3

H

G

D

C

B

E

F I

A

His

tori

-sc

he

Ent

wic

k-lu

ng

1 (a

). Pe

rson

elle

Unt

erve

r-so

rgun

g de

r CPU

=>

Neg

ativ

Die

Impl

emen

tieru

ng v

on In

nova

tione

n in

Kra

nken

häus

ern

sche

itert

re-

gelm

äßig

an

pers

onel

len

Engp

ässe

n (v

gl. S

olbe

rg e

t al.

1998

; Ho

et a

l. 19

99; S

avitz

/Kal

uzny

200

0; M

cNul

ty/F

erlie

200

2; W

arne

r et a

l. 20

04).

Die

erf

olgr

eich

e N

utzu

ng e

iner

CPU

ist g

rund

sätz

lich

an e

ine

hinr

eich

ende

Pe

rson

alau

ssta

ttung

geb

unde

n (v

gl. B

lom

kaln

s/G

ible

r 200

5).

X

X

X

X

X

1 (b

). Pe

rson

elle

Ent

las-

tung

=>

Neu

tral

X

X

X

2. W

ahrn

ehm

ung

eine

s be

gren

zten

fina

nzie

llen

Han

dlun

gssp

ielra

ums

=> N

egat

iv

Fina

nzie

lle R

estri

ktio

nen

wer

den

in d

er L

itera

tur a

ls z

entra

le In

nova

tions

-ba

rrie

re id

entif

izie

rt (v

gl. S

choo

nhov

en e

t al.

1990

; Dam

anpo

ur 1

991;

Su

bram

ania

n/N

ilaka

nta

1996

; Kle

in e

t al.

2001

; Kat

ila/S

hane

200

5; A

le-

xand

er e

t al.

2006

b).

X

X

X

X

X

3 (a

). St

rukt

urel

le Im

ple-

men

tieru

ngsb

arrie

ren

=>

Neg

ativ

Org

anis

atio

nsst

rukt

uren

stel

len

eine

wic

htig

e Ei

nflu

ssgr

öße

in In

nova

ti-on

spro

zess

en d

ar (v

gl. K

imbe

rly/E

vani

sko

1981

; Dam

anpo

ur 1

991)

. Da

oper

ativ

e R

outin

en in

die

Stru

ktur

en v

on U

nter

nehm

en e

inge

bette

t sin

d, is

t so

woh

l ihr

e Ef

fekt

ivitä

t als

auc

h W

ande

lbar

keit

an d

ie z

ugru

nde

liege

nden

St

rukt

uren

geb

unde

n (v

gl. D

ougl

as/J

udge

200

1; H

owar

d-G

renv

ille

2005

; Pe

ltoko

rpi 2

008)

.

X

X

X

X

X

X

3 (b

). St

rukt

urel

le V

orte

ile

=> P

ositi

v X

X

X

4. A

ktiv

e Ü

berw

indu

ng

von

stru

ktur

elle

n Pr

oble

-m

en =

> Po

sitiv

Die

Übe

rwin

dung

stru

ktur

elle

r Bar

riere

n w

eist

Ans

chlu

sspu

nkte

zum

Ph

änom

en d

es „

path

-bre

akin

g ch

ange

“ au

f, w

obei

die

se „

Dur

chbr

echu

ng“

eing

efah

rene

r Pfa

de m

it In

nova

tions

fähi

gkei

t ass

oziie

rt w

ird (K

a-rim

/Mitc

hell

2000

).

X

X

X

X

5. E

rfah

rung

mit

ver-

glei

chba

ren

Ver

sorg

ungs

-st

rukt

uren

=>

Posi

tiv

Erle

icht

ern

eine

Ada

ptio

n an

Inno

vatio

nen

(vgl

. Pen

ning

s/H

aria

nto

1992

), da

loka

le L

ernp

roze

sse

verlä

sslic

here

und

letz

tend

lich

auch

bes

sere

Er-

gebn

isse

ver

spre

chen

(vgl

. Ahu

ja/L

ampe

rt 20

01; A

iman

-Sm

ith/G

reen

20

02).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

6. G

erin

ger E

influ

ss fr

ühe-

rer I

nnov

atio

nspr

ojek

te

=> N

egat

iv

Inno

vatio

nspr

ojek

te p

rofit

iere

n vo

n Er

fahr

unge

n, d

ie O

rgan

isat

ione

n im

R

ahm

en d

er B

ewäl

tigun

g ve

rgle

ichb

arer

Akt

ivitä

ten

gesa

mm

elt h

aben

(v

gl. P

enni

ngs/H

aria

nto

1992

; Kal

e et

al.

2002

).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Lern

-ba

rrie

ren

1. W

ahrn

ehm

ung

eine

s be

gren

zten

Ent

sche

idun

gs-

spie

lraum

s =>

Neg

ativ

Führ

t zu

begr

enzt

en P

robl

emlö

sung

s- b

zw. L

ernp

roze

ssen

und

stel

lt ei

ne

Inno

vatio

nsba

rrie

re d

ar, w

eil a

uf d

iese

Wei

se d

ie k

rank

enha

ussp

ezifi

sche

K

onfig

urat

ion

von

Inno

vatio

nen

ausb

leib

en k

ann,

die

für e

ine

effe

ktiv

e Im

plem

entie

rung

erf

orde

rlich

ist (

vgl.

Wes

tpha

l et a

l. 19

97; W

alst

on e

t al.

2001

).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2 (a

). G

erin

ger H

and-

lung

sdru

ck –

Ext

erne

St

imul

i =>

Neg

ativ

Sow

ohl d

ie Im

plem

entie

rung

von

Inno

vatio

nen

als a

uch

die

Her

ausb

ildun

g vo

n R

outin

en im

Allg

emei

nen

setz

en e

inen

gew

isse

n Pr

oble

mdr

uck

und

die

Eins

icht

ein

er V

erän

deru

ngsn

otw

endi

gkei

t vor

aus,

die

die

Bet

eilig

ten

zum

Han

deln

brin

gen

(vgl

. Nel

son/

Win

ter 1

982;

Sch

roed

er e

t al.

1989

;

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2 (b

). In

trins

isch

e Im

ple-

X

X

X

321Anhang

men

tieru

ngsa

nrei

ze

=>

Posi

tiv

Ger

sick

/Hac

kman

199

0; G

ilber

t 200

5). I

ntrin

sisc

he Im

plem

entie

rung

san-

reiz

e fö

rder

n di

e A

kzep

tanz

von

Inno

vatio

nen

bzw

. die

Ber

eits

chaf

t der

M

itarb

eite

r, ih

re A

rbei

tsro

utin

en a

nzup

asse

n (v

gl. E

dmon

dson

200

3b).

3 (a

). Ze

itdru

ck a

ls Im

-pl

emen

tieru

ngsb

arrie

re

=>

Neg

ativ

Die

Bef

unde

zum

Ein

fluss

von

Zei

tdru

ck si

nd a

mbi

vale

nt. E

iner

seits

ist

unte

rlegt

, das

s Zei

tdru

ck m

it ei

nem

Ver

harr

en im

Sta

tus q

uo v

erbu

nden

ist

(vgl

. Ger

sick

/Hac

kman

199

0; R

ycro

ft/K

ash

2002

). Ze

itdru

ck k

ann

alle

r-di

ngs a

uch

zu e

inem

Ver

lass

en b

ewäh

rter H

andl

ungs

mus

ter f

ühre

n un

d so

di

e Im

plem

entie

rung

von

Inno

vatio

nen

erle

icht

ern

(vgl

. Zel

lmeh

r-B

ruhn

19

99).

X

X

X

X

3 (b

). Ze

itdru

ck a

ls V

orte

il =

> Po

sitiv

X

X

X

Beh

ar-

rung

s-te

nden

zen

1. V

orbe

halte

der

Mita

r-be

iter =

> N

egat

iv

Stel

len

insb

eson

dere

dan

n ei

ne B

arrie

re d

ar, w

enn

die

Mita

rbei

ter d

en

Nut

zen

der e

inzu

führ

ende

n In

nova

tion

als g

erin

g ei

nsch

ätze

n. S

o fü

hrt

eine

neg

ativ

e N

utze

nwah

rneh

mun

g in

sges

amt z

u ei

ner „

schl

echt

eren

“ N

utzu

ng v

on In

nova

tione

n (v

gl. K

lein

et a

l. 20

01; R

epen

ning

200

2).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2. A

ktiv

e W

ider

stän

de d

er

Adr

essa

ten

=> N

egat

iv

Impl

emen

tieru

ngsp

roje

kte

in K

rank

enhä

user

n sc

heite

rn re

gelm

äßig

, wei

l Ä

rzte

ode

r Pfle

ge ih

re b

ewäh

rten

Han

dlun

gsm

uste

r geg

en V

erän

deru

ngen

ab

schi

rmen

(vgl

. Par

é et

al.

1997

; Sic

otte

et a

l. 19

98; I

barr

a et

al.

1998

; Pa

ce e

t al.

2002

).

X

X

X

3. K

onfli

kte

zwis

chen

den

B

eruf

sgru

ppen

=>

Neg

ativ

K

onfli

kte

in U

nter

nehm

en fü

hren

tend

enzi

ell d

azu,

das

s bew

ährte

Han

d-lu

ngsm

uste

r ode

r Res

sour

cena

lloka

tione

n be

ibeh

alte

n w

erde

n (v

gl. N

el-

son/

Win

ter 2

002)

.

X

X

X

X

X

4. V

ariie

rend

es B

ehan

d-lu

ngsv

erha

lten

von

Ärz

ten

=>

Neg

ativ

Ist m

it ei

ner h

ohen

sequ

enzi

elle

n V

aria

nz v

erbu

nden

, die

die

Her

ausb

il-du

ng o

pera

tiver

Rou

tinen

ers

chw

ert (

vgl.

Bec

ker 2

005)

.

X

X

X

X

X

Punk

te (P

ositi

ve M

uste

r = +

1, N

eutra

le M

uste

r = 0

, Neg

ativ

e M

uste

r = -1

) =>

Gru

ppe

1: [K

H H

: +2

Pkt.;

KH

G: +

1 Pk

t; K

H D

: +1

Pkt.

(Ø +

1,3

Pkt.)

];

Gru

ppe

2: [K

H C

: -6

Pkt.;

KH

B: -

7 Pk

t.; K

H E

: -9

Pkt.;

KH

F: -

9 Pk

t. (Ø

-7,7

5 Pk

t.)];

Gru

ppe

3: [K

H I:

-10

Pkt.;

KH

A: -

9 Pk

t. (Ø

-9,5

Pkt

.)]

Tabe

lle 4

6: P

fad

– Sp

iege

lung

der

em

piri

sche

n M

uste

r an

der L

itera

tur

Que

lle: E

igen

e D

arst

ellu

ng

322 Anhang

Literaturverzeichnis - Springer978-3-8349-6121... · 2017-08-26 · Literaturverzeichnis 281 Literaturverzeichnis Abernathy, W.; Clark, K.B. ... A Case Study of Model Changeovers

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