Introduction to medical immunology - كلية الطب · Introduction to medical immunology This powerpoint file is new ... ..will be explained later . 1ry VS 2ry lymphoid organs

Introduction to medical immunology

This powerpoint file is new …to be added to “Serotonin” files

*We have 2 lines of defense: -First line: Innate immune system (including mechanical barriers) -Second line: Adaptive immune system *In some textbooks: 3 lines of defense…considering mechanical barriers alone as the first line of defense followed by innate immune system then adaptive immune system

Lines of defense

• Innate immune system = “natural” = “native”

-Germline: prepared before exposure

…the defense is direct or just needs some activation after exposure

-Mainly against microbes

-With repetition…the response is the same

-Identify groups of related microbes…not distinguishing fine differences

…limited diversity

•Adaptive immune system = “acquired” = “specific”

• It adapts: performance with repetitive exposure…the ability to

remember

• High specificity… distinguishing fine differences…the specific target molecules = antigens

• Large diversity… by somatic recombination of gene segments

• Immunoglobulins…by B lymphocytes

..will be explained later

1ry VS 2ry lymphoid organs • 1ry lymphoid organs:

…they are the organs or tissue in which lymphocytes are produced

…they are:

-Bone marrow (postnatally) & yolk sac/fetal liver/fetal spleen (in embryo)

…where both B & T lymphocytes are produced

-Thymus…where T lymphocytes development is completed

*Note: by puberty, most lymphopoiesis is of B type (in the marrow of flat bones)

• 2ry lymphoid organs:

…they are the organs or tissue where:

…they are: lymph nodes, spleen, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) & skin

Lymphocytes come into contact with foreign antigen, are clonally expanded & mature into effector cells

Our syllabus (by powerpoint files) Our syllabus and a brief general introduction

Components of innate immune system

Reactions of innate immunity

Antigens

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

Immunoglobulins 1 + tests to detect antigens and antibodies

Immunoglobulins 2

Complement system

Development of T and B lymphocytes

T cell-mediated immunity

Effector mechanisms of humoral immunity

Mucosal immunity

Clinical cases

Immunological tolerance

Autoimmune diseases

Hypersensitivity

Immunodeficiency 1

Immunodeficiency 2

Vaccinations 1

Vaccinations 2

Transplantation immunology

Tumor immunology

Immunohematology

Our schedule until 29/10/2018

• 23/9 Sun

• 25/9 Tue

• 30/9 Sun

• 2/10 Tue

• 7/10 Sun

• 9/10 Tue

• 10/10 Wed

• 14/10 Sun

• 16/10 Tue

• 21/10 Sun

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14-18/10 XXX

22-29/10 XXX