Immigrants & Urbanization IMMIGRATION FROM EUROPE, ASIA, THE CARIBBEAN, AND MEXICO REACHED A NEW HIGH IN THE LATE 19 TH AND EARLY 20 TH CENTURY. THE RAPID GROWTH OF CITIES FORCED PEOPLE TO CONTEND WITH PROBLEMS OF HOUSING, TRANSPORTATION, WATER, AND SANITATION
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Immigrants & Urbanization IMMIGRATION FROM EUROPE, ASIA, THE CARIBBEAN, AND MEXICO REACHED A NEW HIGH IN THE LATE 19 TH AND EARLY 20 TH CENTURY. THE RAPID.
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Immigrants & Urbanization
IMMIGRATION FROM EUROPE, ASIA, THE CARIBBEAN, AND MEXICO REACHED A NEW HIGH IN THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY. THE RAPID GROWTH OF CITIES FORCED PEOPLE TO CONTEND WITH PROBLEMS OF HOUSING, TRANSPORTATION, WATER, AND SANITATION
What were the economic, social, and political effects of immigration?
Essential Question
Objectives• Identify immigrants’ countries of origin.
•Describe the journey immigrants endured and their experiences at U.S. immigration stations.
• Examine the causes and effects of the nativists’ anti-immigrant sentiments.
•Describe the movement of immigrants to cities and the opportunity they found there.
• Explain how cities dealt with housing, transportation, sanitation, and safety issues.
•Describe some of the organizations and people who offered help to urban immigrants.
Arrival
Melting Pot•Nativism
–Overt favoritism toward native-born Americans.
• Chinese Exclusion Act–Banned entry to all Chinese
except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials.
•Gentlemen’s Agreement– Japan agreed to limit
emigration of unskilled workers to the U.S. in exchange for the repeal of segregation orders.
•Urbanization–Growth of cities.
• Americanization–Assimilate people of wide-
ranging cultures.
• Tenements–Overcrowded, unsanitary,
multifamily urban dwellings.
•Mass Transit–Transportation systems
designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes.
• Social Gospel Movement–Salvation through service to
the poor.
• Settlement House–Community centers in slum
neighborhoods that provided assistance to people in the area, especially immigrants.
• Jane Addams– Influential member of the
reform movement in Chicago.
Political Analysis
• The political machine, an organized group that controlled the activities of a political party and offered services to voters in exchange for votes, of Boss Tweed in New York City was known as Tammany Hall. Tweed used graft, the illegal use of political influence for personal gain, to run the country’s largest city.
•U.S. presidents had used patronage, or the giving of government jobs to people who had helped a candidate get elected, since Andrew Jackson and now wanted it ended. Reformers believed civil service, government administration, jobs should go to those qualified and not political friends. President Chester A. Arthur signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act that authorized bipartisan appointments to federal jobs based on merit.