Hygiene ANGL

7/25/2019 Hygiene ANGL

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DANYLO HALYTSKYI NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LVIV

Department of hygene an! prophy"a#t# to$#o"ogy

HY%IENE an! ECOLO%Y

Methodicalguidelines

for practical classes and independent work

for the foreign 6-year students of medical faculty

L&& ' ()*)


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Hygiene and ecology: Methodical guidelines for practical classes and independent work for

the foreign 6-year students of medical faculty after speciality 7.110101 eneral medicine! " #fter a

general editorship $y chief of department of hygiene and prophylactic to%icology& associate

professor 'orys #. (lastuno). * +)i)& ,010. * 6 p.

he methodical guidelines are wrote in accordance with the educational programmer of

normati)e discipline Hygiene and ecology!& ratified Ministry of health of /kraine in 01.06.,00&

according to the reuirements of the 2uropean credit-transfer system of education $y the collecti)e

of department of hygiene and prophylactic to%icology of the 3anylo Halytskyi +)i) 4ational

Medical /ni)ersity in personnel: associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& associate professor

5.M.omki)& associate professor /.'.+ototska-3udyk& associate professor 4..rupka& asistents

professor +.5.(lastuno)8& M.9.o)ali)& ..;u$& M.


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Methodical guidelines to practical employments and independent work for the students of the

5D courses of medical faculties after speciality 7.110101 eneral medicine! are wrote according to

the reuirements of the 2uropean credit-transfer system of education in accordance with the

educational programme of normati)e discipline Hygiene and ecology!& ratified Ministry of health

of /kraine in 01.06.,00.


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mastering of knowledges& a$ilities and skills& a student from discipline $y a writing answer for two

control uestions& one of which $elongs to independent works which are not included in the su$Lect

of practical employmentsE writing decision of typical situatioonal task& 0 control tests and writing

implementation of practical skill from a num$er o$ligatory. he ma%imal amount of marks of final

control is e)ened 0 and counted students which answered control uestions @10 N F marksB

correctly& in full untied a situatioonal task @,0 marksB and e%ecuted the offered tests @0 marksB&

showed practical skills @F marksB. >inal module control is considered reckoned& if a studentcollected not less than F0 marks.

# general estimation for the module is determined the sum of marks for current educational

acti)ity and implementation of final module control. Ma%imal amount of marks of& which is

counted students at mastering of the module& makes 1,0 marks @current educational acti)ityB N 0

marks @final module controlB J ,00 marks. Minimum criterion of put of the module: 7, marks

@current educational acti)ityB N F0 marks @final module controlB J 1,, marks. tudents& which

)isited all of practical classes& $ut did not collect the least of marks for current educational acti)ity&

to final module control shut out and ha)e a right on the repeated study of the module. tudents&

which collected the least of marks for current educational acti)ity& $ut did not make final module

control& and students which wish to impro)e result from discipline ha)e a right in accordance with

normati)e documents on retaking of final module control after ratified educational part $y thegraph.


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CONTENTS

+ra#t#a" #"a,,e, (age

1 Methodological& methodical principles of studying and risk assessment of

en)ironmental factors influence on population health. (re)enti)e to%icology. (rincipels

and methods of hygienic normaliCation of harmful chemical su$stances in different

en)ironmental o$Lects @associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& associate professor5.M.omki)& asistent professor +.5.(lastuno)8& asistent professor .(.asiyanB

6

, Hygiene of water and water-supply& sanitary protection of water o$Lects and soil&

cleaning of settlements. Hygienical aspects of planning and e%ploitation& prophyla%is of

in-hospital infection& ultra)iolet irradiation and radiation safety in treating-and-

prophylactic esta$lishments @associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& associate professor /.

'.+ototska-3udyk-& asistent professor .O.;u$& asistent professor .D.MatysikB

1

4utrition in pre)enti)e medicine. # treatment-and-pre)enti)e and ecological-and-

protecti)e nutrition. he anitary-and-hygienic control o)er a clinical @dietaryB

nutrition @associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& asistent professor M.9.o)ali)B

,1

+egislati)e $ases of the medical and prophylactic pro)iding of workers. Hygienical

estimation of process of la$our and factors of industrial en)ironment. Hygienical )alueof contamination of atmospheric air and physical factors in settlements. Hygiene of

planning of settlements .associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& associate professor /.

'.+ototska-3udyk-& associate professor 4..rupkaB

,7

F he comple% estimation of indi)idual and population health and physical de)elopment

of children. Hygienic reuirements to planning& impro)ement of childrenPs institutions

and the organiCation of training and educational process @associate professor '. #.

(lastuno)& asistent professor M.eatures

of antiradiation protection of personnel and patients in roentgenologic and radiological

departments @associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& asistent professor .O.;u$B

F

>ood poisonings as hygienical pro$lem. Method of in)estigation of cases of the food

poisonings @associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& asistent professor M.9.o)ali)B

FF

# hygiene of la$our of medical workers in treatment-and-pre)enti)e esta$lishments

@associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& associate professor 4..rupkaB

F7

F Hygienical principles of rational organiCation of physical education and la$our studies

of children and teenagers. cientific $ases of conducting of medical-professional

consultation @associate professor '. #. (lastuno)& asistent professor M.


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+RACTICAL CLASSES

Top# *- Metho!o"og#a"1 metho!#a" prn#p"e, of ,t2!yng an! r,0 a,,e,,ment of

en&ronmenta" fa#tor, nf"2en#e on pop2"aton hea"th- +re&ent&e to$#o"ogy-

+rn#p"e, an! metho!, of hygen# norma"3aton of harmf2" #hem#a"

,24,tan#e, n !fferent en&ronmenta" o45e#t,-

A#t2a"ty of theme

Hygiene is a science which studies of regularities of )arious en)ironmental factors influence

on population and indi)idual health with the aim of su$stantiation of hygienic standarts& sanitary

roles and pre)enti)e measures intended for assurance of optimal conditions of )ital acti)ity& health

impro)ed and pre)ention of diseases. # prophylactic work on a domestic& territorial or shopfloor

area rank important place no less than medical and diagnostic work in acti)ity of doctor of medical

type. (rophylactic acti)ity of doctor is $ased on methodological and methodical principles of

hygienic diagnostics& which foresees the correct estimation of le)els of en)ironmental factors

e%posure on the indi)idual or in)estigated population& diagnostics of the state of population health&

in particular& health of supersensi$le su$-groups and indi)iduals& esta$lishing an o$Lecti)e cause-

effect relations $etween the influence of en)ironmental factors and possi$le changes of health. he)arious @demographic& statistical& epidemiological& clinical& e%perimentalB methods are used for

carrying out of hygienic diagnostics. he most modern method among a$o)e mentioned is risk

assessment of unfa)ora$le influence of en)ironmental factors on health * identification of

pro$a$ility of undesira$le effect de)elopment in certain le)els and duration of harmful factor

influence.

he wide use of chemical compounds in the )ital functions of man causes intensi)e

contamination of en)ironment and origin of diseases of chemical etiology. cientific ground and

practical application of hygienical norms * ma%imum allowa$le concentrations @M#?B pre)ents the

harmful action on the organism of chemical pollutants. he hygienical standardiCation of %eno$iotic

in the different o$Lects of en)ironment is characteriCed certain features which are conditioned a

necessity to take into account all of possi$le negati)e conseuences of its influence on an

en)ironment and human organism.

Learnng am,

o know the methodological and methodical principles of hygiene& the role of en)ironmental

factors in etiology of different diseases& the theoretical $ases and the general scheme of influence of

comple% of en)ironmental factors on a population health& the main definitions and the content of

stages of risk assessment methodology& methodical approaches to risk assessment of harmful

influence of en)ironmental factors on population healthE $asic principles and methods of scientific

ground of hygienical norms of harmful chemical matters& $asic parameters of to%icometry& chart of

to%icological e%periment& features of hygienical standardiCation of %eno$iotic in the different

o$Lects of en)ironment#$le to make the program of epidemiological research from an e%posure and estimation of

correlation $etween en)ironmental factors and population health& to carrying out the integral

estimation of the state of en)ironment and healthE to identify a risk factor& its harmful conseuences

for health& to calculate the relati)e and population risk for populationE to estimate the $asic

parameters of to%icometry of chemical matters& to define critical indicator of harmfulness and to

interpret the results of e%perimental researches& to ground of M#? of chemical matters in the

different o$Lects of en)ironment& to estimate the type of the com$ined action of %eno$iotics& to

e%pect and estimate the actual intake and actual dose of to%ic matters& in particular pesticides and

nitrates.

6a,e 0no/"e!ge1 a4"te, an! ,0"",

Hygiene as a science& its purpose& tasks& o$Lect of study& connections with other sciencesEsanitation& sanitary legislation of /kraineE the classification of methods of hygienic researchE the

specific methods of hygiene Qgeneral hygieneRE the general philosophic laws and categories& their

6


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)alue for hygiene Qphilosophy& general hygieneRE the definition of health!& indi)idual health!&

population health!& the $asic criteria and statistical health indices& their dynamics and tendency in

/kraine and in the world& information sources a$out healthE methods of relia$le estimate of results

of medical and statistical researches Qsocial medicineRE an epidemiological method of research& its

types Qgeneral hygiene& epidemiologyRE methods of hygienic estimation of unfa)ora$le effect of

en)ironmental factors on human health Qgeneral hygieneR.

'asic principles of the hygienical standardiCation of %eno$iotics& independent and comple%standardiCation& stages of hygienical estimation of chemical matters& chart of to%icological

e%periment @acute& su$acute and chronic e%perimentsB& $asic parameters of to%icometry

@accumulation& threshold doses and concentrations& remote effectsB& inde%es of the functional state

of organism and its separate systems at the action of %eno$iotics& methods of their determinationE

classification of harmful matters on the degree of to%icness and accumulationE a concept a$out a

hygienical norm& M#?E com$ined& comple%& and Loint action of en)ironmental factorsE a role of the

hygienical standardiCation of %eno$iotics in different en)ironments Qgeneral hygieneR.

Content of theme

heoretical $ases of hygiene& contri$ution of national scientists in their scientific

su$stantiation. he general philosophic and su$Lect methodology of hygiene. he significance of

hygiene for forming of professional thought and practical acti)ity of doctors of medical type.=ole of en)ironmental factors as an etiologic @causalB factors and risk factors of de)elopment

of different diseases. he determined and stochastic @possi$ilisticB effects in human organism under

influence of en)ironmental factors. Hygienic diagnostics. 2cological-dependent diseases& methods

of their prognostication and prophyla%is. he methodology of high-uality @conceptualB and

uantitati)e integral estimation of the state of en)ironment and health. (opulation health as an

integral criterion for en)ironment estimation. (rognostication of changes of population health $y

means of the estimation of state contamination of atmospheric air& water& soil. he methods of

esta$lishment of correlations $etween the state of en)ironment and health. eneral scheme of

epidemiological research of identification and estimation of correlation $etween en)ironmental

factors and health.

=isk assessment methodology. (ro$lem characteristics and main definitions. Main stages of

risk assessment methodology: identification of harmful factors& e%posure assessment& determine

dose-response! relationships for carcinogens and non-carcinogens& risk characteriCation& risk

management. 3irect and indirect methods of e%posure assessment& $iomarkers of e%posure& effect

and suscepti$ility. (ro$lems of application of risk assessment methodology in /kraine.

9$Lect and tasks of prophylactic to%icology. ?oncept a$out to%icokinetics& to%icodynamics&

to%icometry. o%icness and accumulation of %eno$iotics. Modern idea a$out accumulation& methods

of its estimation. ?lassification of industrial pollutants and pesticides after the degree of to%icness

and danger. # concept a$out the ma%imum allowa$le concentrations @M#?B of e%ogenous chemical

matters& accepta$le daily intake @#3


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+re7#"a,, ,e"f7tranng /or0

Contro" 82e,ton,

1. Hygiene as a science& its purpose& tasks. anitation& its legislati)e $ase. he specificmethods of hygiene. he classification of methods of hygienic research. 3efinition of health

according to H9. eneral pathological definition of health. (opulation and indi)idual health.

Health indices. (rophyla%is& its types. =ole of hygiene and prophyla%is in work of doctors of

medical type.

,. 2tiologic @causalB factor and risk factor of de)elopment of disease. he determined and

stochastic effects in organism under influence of en)ironmental factors. Hygienic diagnostics.

2cological-dependent diseases.

. ays of realiCation of epidemiological method of health study. >orms and stages of

epidemiological research of studying correlations in the system of en)ironment-health.

. Monitoring areas for assessment of en)ironmental and health state& methodology of their

selection. Methods of high-uality and uantitati)e integral estimation of the en)ironment state and

health. tages of integral estimation of the state of population health& information sources a$out

health. Methods of esta$lishment of high-uality and uantitati)e correlations $etween the

en)ironment state and health. (rognostic estimations of health le)el depending on the state of

contamination of atmospheric air& water& soil.

F. ?onception a$out risk and its generaliCing classification in health protection system. he

main definitions of risk assessment methodology @source of haCard& e%posure& dose& a reference or

tolerant dose& relati)e& attri$uti)e& attri$uti)e population riskB. ?onception a$out $iological markers

@$iomarkers of e%posure& effect& suscepti$ilityB.

6. he main stages of risk assessment& their purpose and tasks. chemes of epidemiological

researches& suita$le for determine of cause-effect relations in system of en)ironment-health& andrisk uantity indicators at carrying out of these researches.

7. 9$Lect and tasks of prophylactic to%icology. 'asic principles of the independent and

comple% hygienical standardiCation of %eno$iotics. tages of hygienical estimation of compounds.

?hart of to%icological e%periment.

. 'asic parameters of to%icometry. 3etermination of concepts is to%icness& accumulation

@after '.M. hta$skiyB& types of accumulation. ?lassification of industrial pollutants and pesticides

after the degree of to%icness and danger.

. 3etermination of concepts& hygienical )alue& method of ground of M#? of %eno$iotics in

air& water& soil& food products& #33 of pollutants in food rations and #33 of pesticides. ?ritical

indicator of harmfulness at the hygienical standardiCation of %eno$iotics in water& soil& food

products.10. ?om$ined& comple% and Loint action of factors of en)ironment& types of com$ined action.

Contro" te,t, 1-1& F-1F, QRand stated $elow.


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1. wo groups of in)estigated persons are formed for studying of emissions influence of the

industrial enterprise on the population health: the persons of first group li)e away till 1 km from the

enterprise in the conditions of polluted atmospheric air with ma%imum concentration limits e%cess

in - times& the persons of second group li)e away o)er F km from the enterprise in rather pure

area& the le)els of emissions components in atmosphere in this part of city were $elow ma%imum

concentration limits. o indicate the type of this epidemiological research.

aB the trans)ersal retrospecti)e typeE $B the trans)ersal prospecti)e typeE cB the longitudinalparallel typeE dB longitudinal non-parallel typeE eB the trans)ersal parallel type.

,. wo groups of in)estigated persons @with disease and healthy personsB are formed for

studying of smoking influence on de)elopment of chronic $ronchitis. he in)estigated persons were

interrogated a$out a)aila$ility of this $ad ha$it. o indicate the type of this epidemiological

research.aB the trans)ersal retrospecti)e typeE $B the trans)ersal prospecti)e typeE cB the longitudinal parallel

typeE dB longitudinal non-parallel typeE eB the trans)ersal parallel type.

. #fter ?herno$yl atomic power plant failure during 17-10 years dynamic super)ision

o)er a radiation $ackground and primary mor$idity on thyroid gland pathology among children in

ie) is carried out. o indicate the type of this epidemiological research.

aB the trans)ersal retrospecti)e typeE $B the trans)ersal prospecti)e typeE cB the longitudinalparallel typeE dB longitudinal non-parallel typeE eB the longitudinal prospecti)e type.

.


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aB the longitudinal prospecti)e typeE $B the longitudinal retrospecti)e typeE cB the type of

case-control!E dB the longitudinal parallel typeE eB the trans)ersal retrospecti)e type.

. he research is carried out for the comparison of relapses freuency of a stomach ulcer in

control group of patients who in remission recei)ed $y place$o the pre)enti)e therapy and in group

of patients who in the same period recei)ed pre)enti)e therapy.


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. o draw up the scheme of signs and list of the known ecological-dependent diseases Q6& (.

-R.

. o make the chart of to%icological e%periment& point out attention on the $asic parameters

of o%icometry Q,& (. 6-77R.

F. o sol)e situatioonal tasks -10& 1& 17& 1& E to work practical skills ,@DB& ,6@DB& 7@DB&

,@DDB& ,7@DDB QFR.

+ra#t#a" emp"oyment+reparatory ,tage @1FGB

and

F00 persons * from passage .

. o master the method of cohort prospecti)e and retrospecti)e epidemiological research of

studying cause-effect relations in the system of en)ironment-health $y scheme case-control!&

according to the data of situational task to calculate the a$solute& relati)e& attri$uti)e& attri$uti)e

population risk of pathology occurrence and to estimate the recei)ed result.

Task 1.


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included in e%perimental group. >or each person of e%perimental group were selected , persons of

control group who li)e in this city. (resence in the past the influence of organic sol)ents on persons

of control group was detect $y means of personal inter)iewing of all in)estigated for specially

de)eloped uestionnaire that has allowed to define a professional route for each person from the

moment of lea)ing school till the inter)iew.


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(esticide#9"H9 recommendation . M#? lead in atmosphere is 0&000 mg"m& M#? in

water * 0&01 mg"+. (ulmonary )entilation )olume is ,0 m"daily& daily necessity of water * +.

. >rom data of situatioonal task to estimite type of the com$ined action of chemicals after

their intake with atmospheric air.Task. #mong child population in one of city district is registered increasing of respiratory

diseases freuency& especially chronic $ronchitis and $ronchial asthma. #ccording to la$oratory

result real concentration of chemicals @mg"mB in atmosphere air are: sulphur o%ide * 1&F @M#? *

0&FB& car$on o%ide * 0&0F @M#? * F&0B& nitrite dio%ide * 0&17 @M#? * 0&0FB& phenol * 0&01 @M#?

* 0&01B.

Fna" ,tage @1F GB

1. ?ontrol of le)el of mastering of professional a$ilities and skills.

,. ummation of class& home task.

Top# (- Hygene of /ater an! /ater7,2pp"y1 ,antary prote#ton of /ater o45e#t, an!,o"1 #"eanng of ,ett"ement,- Hygen#a" a,pe#t, of p"annng an! e$p"otaton1

prophy"a$, of n7ho,pta" nfe#ton1 2"tra&o"et rra!aton an! ra!aton ,afety

n treatng7an!7prophy"a#t# e,ta4",hment,-

A#t2a"ty of theme

uality of drinking-water is the important component of maintainance of health of man.

uality of drinking-water depends on the state of superficial and underground water sources and

state of soils which at the terms of ur$aniCation and industrialiCation test su$stantial anthropogenic

pressure as a result of increase of )olumes of liuid and solid domestic and industrial waste.


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radial diagnostics @-ray e%amination& radiography& fluorography& computer tomographyB&

radiologic diagnosis in& )i)o and in )itro and so on. >or their help 70-0G clinical diagnoses are set.

Howe)er much application of ioniCing radiation in medical practice can predetermine the additional

irradiation of personnel and patients of (2& promote the collecti)e dose of irradiation of

population and increase the risk of remote stochastic& and on occasion * deterministic effects. ith

the purpose of diminishing of negati)e influence of


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Contro" 82e,ton,

1. tructure& composition and properties& hygienical )alue of hydrosphere& source of

contamination.

,. eatures of water epidemics. ater-nitrate methemoglo$inemia& endemic fluorosis and

caries& their prophyla%is. Hygienical )alue of hardness of water.. Hygienical reuirements to uality of drinking-water and documents& that it was regulated.

16


17/64

. 3escription of the centraliCed and decentraliCing water systems. 2lements of water-supply

line from an artesian mining hole and superficial reser)oir. eneral methods of water treatment at

the centraliCed water @coagulation& precipitation& filtrationB system& special methods of water uality

impro)ement& methods of disinfection of water& their essence and hygienical characteristic. #reas of

sanitary protection of water sources. anitary super)ision after a local water-supply& organiCation

and e%ploitation of wells& cleaning of wells.

F. tructure& composition& properties& hygienical )alue of lithosphere& source ofcontamination.

6.


18/64

e%aminations. ?ategories of patients& recommended le)els of their irradiation.

Contro" te,t, F-7& 17F-1F Q6R& 1-7& 1,,-161& 10-17 Q7R.

Contro" ta,0,

1. o make the list of diseases& which can arise up under act of natural components of water

and soil& matters& which are specially added to water& contaminants of water and soil Q,& . 7-0&

FF-6R.

,. o make the charts of water-supply from the superficial and underground sources Q& .1,0-1,R.

. o make the charts of pre)ention measures of in-hospital infections Q& . 6,-6,R.

. o fill the ta$le of properties of ioniCing radiations which are generated $y medical /"dm

& o%idation * 1, mg"dm

& residual free chorine * 0&1mg"dm.

1


19/64

Task ". >or water supply town #. is panning to take water from ri)er& into which fall

wastewater from industry factory. ?oncentration of chemical su$stances in water samples are: iron

1&0 mg"dm@ig. 1B. # $uilding percent is 16G& planting of greenery *

6FG.

1

1F0 v1F0 v


20/64

>ig. 1. eneral plan of hospital on

1F0 $eds.1 * main $uilding @therapeuticand surgical departmentsB W8 70$edsE , * out-patient clinicE *o$stetric-gynaecological $ulding

on F0 $edsE * an infectious$ulding is on 0 $edsE F *kitchenE 6 * economic $uldingE 7* mor$id anatomical $ulding.

6. o make the list of apartments& necessary in the o$stetric-gynaecological separation of

M(2 Q16R& estimate the internal planning and techniue of cham$er section and infectious

department after proLect materials.

Task 1.(lan of ward department on 60 $eds @>ig. ,B.

>ig. ,.# plan of ward section ison 60 $eds.1 * plan of ward section is on 0$edsE , * general apartmentsE *-$eds wardsE * ,-$eds wardsEF * 1-$ed wardsE 6 * medical

treatment roomE 7 * showercu$icleE * $athroomE *doctorKs consulting roomE 10 *entrance-hall for waitingE 11 *dining roomE 1, * pantryE 1 *special care wardE 1 * technical

room.

Task 2.(lan of infectious department @>ig. B. aste water of infectious department going

to the separate storege& from where after the mechanical and $iological cleaning are droped in a

reser)oir.

,0

160v


21/64

>ig. (lan of infectious departmenton $eds

1 * entrance-hall for waitingE , *sanitary inspection roomE *pantryE * doctorKs consulting

roomE F * admitting $o% @area is17 m,BE 6 * ,-$eds $o% @area is,7 m,BE 7 * 1-$ed $o% @area is ,0m,B.

7. o define from data of situatioonal tasks maintenance of microorganisms in air& efficiency

of its cleaning& to estimate the sanitary-hygenic regimene of wards and possi$ility of origin of in-

hospital infections& ground prophylactic measures.

Task 1.


22/64

doses of irradiation of personnel for the last year& are fi%ed in the accounting card of indi)idual dose

of irradiation of personnel and are hesitated within the limits of 10&F-1,&0 m).

he patient with lung cancer has $een undergone -ray procedures during a calendar year.


23/64

status and data of menu schedule& to take control for the organiCation and adeuacy of (4& to

pro)e the order of pre)enti)e and ecological-and-protecti)e nutrition& to order and correct a clinical

@dietaryB nutrition& to control and estimate compliance of sanitary-and-hygienic reuirements to

work of hospital nutrition unit.

6a,e 0no/"e!ge1 a4"te, an! ,0"",

(hysiology and $iochemistry of digestion& meta$olism and energy e%change& significance of

proteins& fats& car$ohydrates& )itamins and mineral su$stances for organism Q$iology& normalphysiology& $iochemistryRE nutrition peculiarities of pregnant women and nursing mothers

Qo$stetricsRE nutriment functions& nutrition typesE principles of the rational nutritionE the power

e%penses of an organism& components of daily energy e%penditure& groups of physical acti)ity of

a$le-$odied population& concept a$out physical acti)ity coefficientE physiological reuirements for

energy and nutrients of different groups of the /kraine populationE calculation methods of

determination of daily energy e%penditure and indi)idual reuirements of children& a$le-$odied and

elderly age people in energy and the $asic nutrientsE calculation methods of indi)idual and

collecti)e nutritionPs ualities estimation $y means of menu scheduleE reuirements to a dietary

ha$itsE concept a$out the nutritional status of organism& methods of its studying and assessmentE

$iological& nutriti)e and caloric )alue of the $asic foodstuff of animal origin and phytogenousE $asic

groups of alimentary diseasesE concept a$out (4& its hygienic meaning& types& rations of (4Qgeneral hygieneR.

>eatures of meta$olism and reuirements to nutrition at )arious diseases and during treatment

periodE main principles of construction of clinical nutrition& num$ered system of diets $y (e)Cner

Qinternal diseasesRE nutriciological characteristic of foodstuffE the organiCation of clinical @dietaryB

nutrition in care institutions& sanitary-and-hygienic reuirements to planning& production euipment

and the keeping of hospital nutrition unit& technology of food preparation& its transportation in

hospital departments and distri$utions $y the patientsE pre)enti)e measures of food poisoning

occurrence in care institutionsE method of sanitary inspection of nutrition unit in hospital& sampling

and assessment of adeuate uality of dishes Qgeneral hygieneR.

Content of "e,,on

4utriment functions and factors that their pro)ide. ypes of $iological effect of nutriment and

types of nutrition. 5alue of diets nutrients composition. he $asic hygienic reuirements to diets

organiCation. ?alculation of energy e%penditure of organism& caloric and alimentary )alue of diets.

'asic groups of diseases that e%pressly or $y implication associated with nutrition& causes of their

occurrence and pre)ention. he medical control for nutrition& methods of studying of actual

nutrition of population. he nutritional status& methods of studying and assessment of caloric and

)itaminiCed components of nutritional status.

pecific action of nutriment and rational nutrition& reuirements to their. Health-impro)ing

action of nutriment and pre)enti)e nutrition of humans from risk groups. Hygienic principles of

nutrition of pregnant women and nursing mothers. 5alue of (4 in pre)ention of occupational

diseases. (rotecti)e function of nutrition. he $asic mechanisms of into%ication& meta$olism anddeto%ication of %eno$iotics in organism. Main principles of construction and organiCation of (4.

he hygienic characteristic and assessment of a daily food product& chemical composition and

caloric )alue of rations of a treatment-and-pre)enti)e nutrition. 2cological-and-protecti)e nutrition&

their principles and hygienic meaning.

(arapharmacological action of food. (rinciples of clinical nutrition. #limentary nutrients

)alue in clinical nutrition. tandard diets and their indi)idualiCation. he list of the $asic diets& the

hygienic characteristic of their food-stuff& chemical composition and caloric )alue& methods of

culinary processing of dish. (rinciples of the organiCation clinical @dietaryB nutrition in hospitals

and sanatorium-and-spa institutions. he sanitary-and-hygienic control $y clinical @dietaryB

nutrition in care institutions.

The re#ommen!e! "terat2rePrincipl's:

,


24/64

1. Hygiene and ecology: X^[Wb " S8 []^. ..8[^\_8. * XWW: z\_8 bWT8& ,00. *

(. ,6-,6.


b\U8& 1F. * . -6F.

. XTXYW8 I8[_8WW \W\_8v W`[X\U\TX: X [WbE , bW. " S8 []^.

.D.Z[XW8. * .: ]^W8& ,007. * W. 1. * . 6F-1& 16-16& 17-,,& ,7-,& ,7-7,E

W. ,. * . 1-,1.. S8T8UVW8 TXTXYW8: \XWb Û Z[8b`WI 8W`V " S8 []^. D.D.q8]Wb\. * V_X_: _X`&

,001. * . 17-11.

F. W`[XWX I_\[\: Z\XWb 10 . " {Z\[^. ..[8T8v\_. * V_X_: O

V_X_Vb8 bWb\_8 x8[b8 Ù8!& ,00. * O. ,. * . 711-71.


ZX^T\`\_b8! " 8`W8 D5. XTXYW8 I8[_8WW. * V_X_& ,00. * 67 .

7. ][]UXb `Z\_I 8^8 ^XUVW\`X& vXWV X Z[8b`WI W8_bX_ ^\ ^][8_W\T\ XZ`



8UVb\T\& ,010. * .

Additional:. ]^\[]Wb\ .D. UXv]W`8[WX& 8UXv]W`8[W\-8U]WX `8 `[8W8UXv]W`8[WX 8I_\[_8WW&

I Z[\xXU8b`b8: z8_8UVW\-v]`\^W Z\XWb. * V_X_: q{ Xv. q8WU8 8UVb\T\&

1. * .

. 8WI8W]W ..& 8WI8W]W .q.& Z[XW .D. z`[XX\U\TX: X^[Wb. * q\W]Vb:

q\W]W8& ,001. * . ,F-,& ,0-,F,.

10. b8 I8[_8WW. }8X\W8UVW] I8[_8WW " S8 []^. .D.`\Uv8b\_\& D..

8[`Wb8. * V_X_: _X`& 11. * ,00 .

11. b8 I8[_8WW. [\xXU8b`W] I8[_8WW " S8 [] . .D.`\Uv8b\_\& D..

8[`Wb8. * V_X_: _X`& 1. * . -& 76-.

1,. b8 I8[_8WW. Xb_8UVW] I8[_8WW " S8 []^. .D.`\Uv8b\_\& D..

8[`Wb8. * V_X_: _X`& 1. * ,0 .

1. b8 I8[_8WW. 8[_8WW ^X`] " S8 []^. ..Ob8]Wb\& D.. 8[`Wb8. *

V_X_: _X`& 1F. * . -116.

1. 8[8W\_b ..& z88[]Wb\ .|. W\_ Z`8W: Z[8_\Wb. * : `][&

,007. * F, .

1F. [\ 8 _][^]WW z\[v xXX\U\TXWI Z\`[] W8]U]WW {b[8W _ \W\_WI

I8[\_I []\_W8I `8 ]W][TX. z8b8 S {b[8W A ,7, _X^ 1.11.1 [.

16. 8W`8[W] Z[8_U8 `[\`_8& \\[^\_8W ~bZU8 8 \UVW& [\ÛVWI

^\v\_ ^[TI U]]WI `8\W8[\_. 8Wz F17-0.

17. 8W`8[W] Z[8_U8 Û Z[]^Z[` \j]`_]WW\T\ Z`8W. 8Wz ,-1,-

F777-1. +re7#"a,, ,e"f7tranng /or0

Contro"82e,ton,

1. ?lassification of alimentary diseases.

,. 4utriment functions and factors that their pro)ide. ypes of nutriment $iological effect and

types of nutrition. >unctions of proteins& fats& car$ohydrates& )itamins& mineral su$stances in

nutrition. ?omponents of daily energy e%penditure of organism& methods of their determination.

. (rinciples of rational nutrition. roups of intensity of work of adult a$le-$odied population

of /kraine $y physical acti)ity coefficient. =euirements to dietary ha$its of the healthy human of

a$le-$odied age.

. (hysiological reuirements of children& a$le-$odied population& people of elderly age and

senile age for proteins& fats& car$ohydrates @for caloric of rationB& )itamins and mineral su$stances.F. Methods of studying of actual nutrition of population. #lgorithm of daily ration assessment

$y means of menu schedule. he nutritional status& its components& types and criteria of assessment.

,


25/64

#ssessment of the nutritional status $y means of $ody mass inde%.

6. Hygienic )alue and main principles of pre)enti)e nutrition.

7. Hygienic principles of nutrition of pregnant women and nursing mothers.

. Hygienic )alue and main principles of (4. ypes and rations of (4.

. (rinciples of ecological-and-protecti)e nutrition.

10. (rinciples of clinical nutrition in care institutions. 4um$ered system of diets and the

indication to their order. 2lemental @indi)idualB system of clinical nutrition and its ad)antages&standart diets. (rinciples of the organiCation of clinical @dietaryB nutrition in care institutions.

>eatures of dietary nutrition in sanatoriums& pre)entoriums.

11. tructure and staffs& functional duties of officials in care institutions @the head doctor& the

doctor on duty& the dietarian& dietary nurse& medical staffB and the list of $asic documents in care

institutions concerning of organiCation patientPs nutrition. 9rder of passing of pre)enti)e medical

sur)eys and inspections $y personnel of nutrition unit in care institutions. #$solute and relati)e

contraindications to work in nutrition unit.

1,. he list of foodstuff and dish which are for$idden for recei)ing& preparation and

realiCation $y nutrition units in care institutionsE foodstuff and dish which can lea)e to the ne%t day

in nutrition unit and in a still-room-distri$utingE the foodstuff which are for$idden for transfer $y

the patients from relati)es. Means of preparation of dietary dish.Contro"te,t,1-117& 170& ,,-,F1& ,F-,FF Q6R.

Contro" ta,0,

1. o make the lists of alimentary diseases Q& (. 6F-66R& functions Q& (. 7-0R& types of

$iological effect of nutriment and nutrition types Q& (. 1-,R& principles of rational nutrition Q1& (.

,-, or & (. -R& methods of population actual nutrition studying Q& (. ,10-,,R& algorithm

of an daily nutrition assessment $y means of menu schedule Q1& (. ,77-,7 or & (. ,,,-,,R.

,. o prepare the a$stract a$out one of noncon)entional types of nutrition @a )egetarian

nutrition& a nutrition of macro$iotic& nutrition $y yoga doctrine& a separate nutrition& raw food diet&

star)ation& nutrition according to $lood groups& $y an ayur)edaB Q& (. 1,-,0R or nutrition

pecularities of human of mental workE pregnant women& nursing mothersE people of elderly and

senile age Q& (. 1-1F1& 17-11R.

. o make the list of rations of (4 Q& (. ,7-,0R.

. o order a num$ered diet to the patient with the indicating of dietary ha$its& chemical

composition and caloric )alue of diet& the allowed and for$idden foodstuff& means of culinary

processing of food Q& (. 711-71R.5ariant 1"7 ," " "10 F"11 6"1,

3iseasetomach ulcer inan e%acer$ation

phase

#cutehepatitis

?hronicgastritis withhyposecretion

Myocardialinfarction @thefirst 7 daysB

out 9$esity

3iet

3ietary ha$its

?hemical composition of diet?aloric )alue of diet

he allowed foodstuff

he for$idden foodstuff

?ulinary processing of food

F. o draw the algorithm of the organiCation of clinical nutrition in hospital& concentrating

your attention on:

aB the procedure of order the clinical nutrition and maintenance of patients $y it Q1,RE

$B the organiCation of control o)er the uality of foodstuff and ready dishes Q1,RE

cB the list of foodstuff and the dishes which are for$idden for recei)ing& preparation and

realiCation $y nutrition units in care institutionsE foodstuff and dishes which can lea)e to the ne%t

day in a still-room-distri$uting Q1,RE the foodstuff which are for$idden for transfer to the patients

from relati)es Q1,R.

6. o take the algorithm of sanitary-and-hygienic inspection of nutrition unit in care

institutions Q& (. 17-11R.

,F


26/64

7. o make the situational tasks F-7&,&&F- and practical skills 1-6@DB& F-0@DDB Q7R.

+ra#t#a" emp"oyment

+reparatory ,tage @1FGB


27/64

Task 2.?hronic hepatitis patient in a remission stage it is prescri$ed a diet 4 F. he one-day

menu of a diet: a $reakfast * cottage cheese with sugar and sour cream& milk oatmeal porridge& teaE

,-nd $reakfast * a $aked appleE a dinner * a )egetarian soup with an oil& $oiled rice and a $oiled

chicken& compote& from dried fruit& fresh white $readE a supper * $oiled fish& mashed potatoes& tea

with sugar& fresh white $read. ?aloric )alue of ration is ,F00 kcal& 1G of caloric )alue * at the

e%pense of proteins& ,7 G * at the e%pense of fats& 60 G * at the e%pense of car$ohydrates. 5itamin

? in ration.is 0 mg.Task ".#diposity patient itPs prescri$ed a diet 4 . he one-day menu of a diet: a $reakfast * a

milk $oiled $uckwheat with $utter& low-fat cottage cheese& tea& rich cookiesE ,-nd $reakfast * salad

from a $eet with an oil& rye $read& dairy $utter& cheese& decoction of a dog rose without sugarE a

dinner * )egeta$le soup with sour cream and a $utter& a $oiled carp with mashed potatoes on milk

with $utter& tea& rye $readE a afternoon snack * grated carrots with an oil& rusks from white $read&

cocoa with milkE a supper * steam omelette on milk with a $utter& rye $read& $aked apples& low-fat

kefir. ?aloric )alue of ration is ,0 kcal& allocation to separate receptions of food is 77& F& F6&

,,& 6, kcal accordingly. he content of ration @gB: proteins * & including animals protein * FE

fats * & including )egetati)e fats * 6E car$ohydrates * ,7E )itamins @mgB: # * 0&E 1* 1&7E ,*

,E ? * E }} * 10E mineral su$stances @mgB: 8 * 1,10E } * 1766E >e * ,E Mg * 1.

F. o estimate a sanitary state of nutrition unit of hospital& uality of ready food& correctnessof actions of the doctor on duty concerning the control o)er work of nutrition unit and clinical

nutrition order& to offer the measures for elimination of the positioned )iolations.

he doctor on duty of a night shift has )isited the nutrition unit in the morning and has found&

that free-flowing products are stored in pouches which are on cement floorE the meat demicarcass

without a $rand * in a cold storage $o% with the a$sent thermometerE $utter in shape $ar& turned in a

newsprint& * on the one shelf with fishE water for a ware washing is warm up in $uckets. he

surface cutting $lock for meat is une)en& isnPt strewed with salt. #t the cook who prepares the food&

the $andaged finger of the right armE at sur)ey * a wound with purulent scurf after a com$ustion.


28/64

workpeopleE participation in measures on making healthy of working conditions& pre)ention and

decline of general and professional mor$idity& producti)e traumatism& disa$ility on a production& in

particular participation in the study of working conditions and de)elopment of corresponding health

measuresE organiCation and realiCation of pre)ious and periodic medical inspectionE in)estigation of

cases of professional diseases and poisoningsE the work in medical commissions on the selection of

persons& who reuire assigning of dietary or medical and pre)enti)e feed& sanatorium-resort

treatment& transfer to another Lo$ with the facilitated conditionsE realiCation of sanitary-educationalwork among workersE informing of sanitation and epidemiological ser)ice a$out all cases of resort

of suffered from industrial accidentsE analysis of efficiency of medical and health promotion

programs. he estimation of process of la$our and factors of occupational en)ironment after the

modern hygienical classification helps a workshop doctor to carry out o$Lecti)e control after the

terms of la$our on a industry& to find out reasons of decline of capacity& de)elopment of premature

fatigue and o)erstrain& origin of proof functional )iolations& in an organism& occupational dependent

pathology& professional diseases and poisonings of workers& to de)elop priority prophylactic

measures.

he enterprises of industry& transport and connection& cause contamination of atmospheric air&

distri$ution of physical factors of technogenic origin @noise& )i$ration& electromagnetic fieldsB& in

settlements& that increases the physical and chemical loading on a population. he rational planningof territory of settlements o$ser)ance of hygienical reuirements to the chemical and physical

factors in cities decreases pressure of the ur$aniCed en)ironment on a health& pro)ides a physiology

optimum& psychohygienic comfort and high le)el of capacity of man.

Learnng am,

o know the $asis of /krainian legislation from hygiene and la$our protection& $asic tasks

and forms of medical work in industrial enterprises& principles of organiCation and realiCation of

pre)ious and periodic medical inspections of working people& in)estigation of cases of professional

diseases and poisonings& methodology of study and analysis of mor$idity on production& comple%

measures of prophyla%is of diseases among working peopleE hygienical classification on the inde%es

of weight and tension of process of la$our& harmfulness and ununconcern of factors of industrial

en)ironmentE functional changes in an organism in the process of manual and mental la$our&

measures of prophyla%is of premature fatigue& o)erstrain& occupational dependent pathology&

professional diseases and poisonings& sources and $asic components of contamination of

atmospheric air& their influence on a healthE features of influence on the organism of physical

factors of en)ironment @to noise& )i$ration& 2M5BE measures of sanitary protection of airE hygienical

principles of planning of settlements& functional Coning of their territory& hygienical reuirements to

planning and factors of internal en)ironment of housings and pu$lic $uildings.

o $e a$le to make a plan of realiCation of periodic medical inspection on production& to make

an urgent notification a$out recourse of suffered with reference on production accident and the

report a$out professional disease @poisoningB& to learn and analyCe mor$idity with a temporary

disa$ility& professional mor$idity and disa$lement of workers& to work out the comple% measures ofprophyla%is of diseases among workersE to estimate character and terms of la$our& define the class

of la$our after hygienical classification& degree of tension of physiology functions& risk factors and

their possi$le negati)e conseuences for the health of workers& to ground rationaliCations of the

modes of la$our on concrete industries.

o estimate the state of atmospheric air& to prognosticate influence of atmospheric

contaminations on a health of population& to propose measures on the sanitary protection of

atmospheric airE to estimate functional Coning of settlement& placement of industrial and communal

o$Lects& taking into account a windrose& parameters of internal en)ironment of apartments of

housings and pu$lic $uildingsE to conduct a hygienical estimation and de)elop the measures of

primary and secondary prophyla%is of harmful influence of noise& )i$ration and 2M5 in the

conditions of settlements& including in M(2.6a,#, 0no/"e!ge1 a4"te, an! ,0"",

,


29/64

# role and task of medical and sanitary clinics and working physicians in organiCation of

sanitary and hygienic measures on industrial enterprisesE scheme of hygienic inspection of

enterprise& workshop& concrete professionE planned and unplanned inspections of enterprise $y a

shopfloor doctor and medical personnel of health protection postsE planning of medical and

pre)enti)e& sanitary and hygienic work on a shopfloor area Qgeneral hygieneRE accounting and

analysis of mor$idity of workers on industrial enterprises Qgeneral hygiene& social medicineRE

professional diseases& their classification& list of professional diseases& structure of professionalmor$idity in /kraine Qoccupational diseasesR& prophyla%is of professional diseases& poisonings and

accidents Qgeneral hygieneRE aim and task of pre)ious at starting work and periodic medical

inspections of workers of certain categories& in)estigation of cases of acute and chronic professional

diseases and poisonings on production Qgeneral hygiene& social medicineR.


30/64

la$our& their physiological and hygienic description. Manual la$our& its weight& criteria of weight.

Mental work& its tension& criteria of tension. >atigue and o)erstrain& e%planation and scientific

grounds of their de)elopment. Modern principles and criteria of hygienical estimation of la$our&

classes of la$our after the degree of weight and tension& harmfulness and ununconcern. Methods of

estimation of the modes of la$our and rest& degree of tension of physiology functions of organism in

the process of la$our. he system of prophylactic measures and rational organiCation of la$our

process. (sychophysiology of professional selection& diagnostics and prophyla%is of mentalo)erstrain.

'asic criteria and inde%es of contamination of atmospheric air& air of li)ing and pu$lic

$uildings.


31/64


32/64

1. Hygienical )alue of microclimate& lighting and regime of insolation& chemical and

micro$al composition of air& efficiency of )entilation of housings and pu$lic $uildings. tate

sanitary super)ision after $uilding of housings and pu$lic $uildings& them $y a sanitaries.

1. ourcesof noise& )i$ration and 2M5 in settlements. Hygienical standartiCation of noise&

)i$ration& 2M5 in the conditions of settlements. Measures of protection of population from noise&

)i$ration& 2M< of radio-wa)es.

Contro" te,t, 0- QR& 7-1,1& 17& 1-,16 QFR& 1-1 Q6R an! ,tate! 4e"o/.1. he inha$itants of house appealed to district 2 with a complaint in relation to negati)e

influence on the state of health @worsening of feel& parahypnosisB of )i$ration& caused work of the

underground railway located alongside. >or confirmation of negati)e influence of factor on the state

of health a doctor-hygienist must conduct instrumental research of le)els of )i$ration with

application:

8B dosimeter of )i$ration sensiti)enessE $B noise and )i$ration dosimeterE B pyranometerE dB

actinometryE eB audiotester.

,.


33/64

=ate of mo)ement of air

emperature of surfaces


34/64

muscles& psychic e%citement& dryness in to the mouth& pain in eyes which appearance on the

$ackground of complete health during a hour after washing of tank lorry. 9$Lecti)ely: mucous

mem$ranes and cutaneous co)ering without changes& arterial pressure is a 0"60 mm of mercury

column& pulse is F ictuses per minute& freuency of $reathing is 16 per minute& hea)y $reathing in

lungs& temperature of $ody is F&6 & tones of heart are muffled& pupils are e%tended. (atient is

uickly hospitaliCed to the department of occupational pathology in +)i) regional clinical hospital.

. o define for data of situational task the adeuacy of presented documents for the e%pertcommission of medical and pre)enti)e esta$lishment for esta$lishing a connection $etween disease

and working conditions Q,& (. 76R& group of professional disease Q1& (. ,1-,,R and its code after


35/64

emperature of air is ,,-,\& relati)e humidity * F-6FG& rate of mo)ement of air * 0&,-0&,F

m"sec regardless of time of year. oldering works are conducted an alloy which contains a 0G tin

and 60G lead. ?ontent of lead in mid air hesitates from 0&0 to 0&0 mg"m@middle change M#? *

0&00F mg"m& ma%imal once M#? * 0&01 mg"m& 1st class of ununconcernB& to hydrogen of chloride

* from 1&F to mg"m@ma%imal once M#? * F mg"m& ,nd class of ununconcern& matter& with the

acute mechanism of actionB. ound-le)el in a workshop is * F d'#. ension of the electric field of

industrial freuency F0 HertCs during a change does not e%ceed 1 b5"m.


36/64

of instrumental researches the eui)alent le)els of inconstant noise are determine @ta$leB. # source

of noise is a motor transport from a main street and lift euipment of house.#partment

ound le)els& d' 1 , F 6 7

ransport noise 7F 0 60 6F F 70 F


37/64

childrenPs physical de)elopment and criteria of health group distri$ution of childrenE features and

negati)e conseuences of influence of conditions of stay and studying on childrenPs and

adolescentsP health in childrenPs institutions& hygienic reuirements to planning& sanitary-and-

technical accomplishment and euipment of childrenPs institutions& to organiCation of a day

regimen& training and education& medical and psychophysiological criteria and methods of

estimation of childPs readiness for study.

o $e a$le to estimation of physical de)elopment of indi)idual and childrenPs collecti)e $ycomple% methods& to distri$ute the children on health groupsE to estimate planning of the ground

area and premises of childrenPs institutions& their air and temperature regimen and illumination&

conformity of furniture to height& seating& a day regimen of children& training and education in a

childrenPs institution& readiness of children for study.

6a,e 0no/"e!ge1 a4"te, an! ,0"",

?oncept a$out indi)idual and population health& their criteria and the registration

documentation& dynamics and tendencies of indices of children health in /kraine and the world&

methods of definition of intensi)e and e%tensi)e medical-and-statistic indices Qsocial medicineRE

anatomy-and-physiological features of different aged children& pecularities of their growth and

de)elopment& methods of morphological-and-functional indices research Q$iology& normal anatomy&

physiology& propaedeutics of internal and childrenPs diseases& general hygieneRE physicalde)elopment as criterion of children health and the indicator of en)ironmental state& research

methods of somatoscopic& somatometric& physiometric indices of physical de)elopment& definition

of $iological age& drawing up aged and se% standards of physical and $iological de)elopment& an

estimation of physical de)elopment for sigmal de)iations from arithmetic mean& regression scales&

comple% method and centil method& estimation of pro$a$ility of changes of physical de)elopment&

health groups of children Qgeneral hygiene& pediatrics& social medicine& remedial e%ercisesR.

Hygienic reuirements to planning and $uilding of preschool institutions and schoolsE a

hygienic estimation of school class @area& euipment& air and temperature regimen& illumination&

methods of their researchB& school furniture @the siCe and groups of school desks& marking& locatingB&

seating of pupils in class Qgeneral hygieneRE concept a$out a dynamic stereotype& physiologic $ases

of working capacity& methods of research of a functional state and working capacity of children and

adolescents Qnormal physiology& general hygiene& pediatricsRE hygienic reuirements to day regimen

of child& training and educational process& timeta$le& lesson organiCationE concept a$out school

maturity Qgeneral hygieneR.

Content of the "e,,on

he ad)anced social-and-$iological& social-and-hygienic and medical-and-organiCation

factors that influence on health of children& features of ad)erse factors influence on children.

Modern methodical approaches to comple% studying and estimation of state of childrenPs health.

he analysis of interrelation of indicators of health with influence of en)ironmental factors:

monitoring of en)ironment and childrenPs health state& an order and periodicity of comple% medical

e%aminations and dispensary super)ision o)er a state of health of children. (hysical de)elopment asthe important criterion of comple% estimation of childrenPs health.


38/64

?riteria of readiness of child to studying at school: morphogenetic @health status& physiological

maturity& le)el of physical de)elopment& generated of small motility& $iological ageB& psychological

@intellectual& emotional-and-)olitional readiness& moti)ational readinessB& social

@communicati)eness& )er$al acti)ity& ect.B

The re#ommen!e!"terat2re

Principl's:

1. Hygiene and ecology: X^[Wb " 8 []^. ..8[^\_8. * XWW: z\_8 bWT8& ,00. *(. 7F-F.

,. XTXYW8 ^X`] X ZXÛX`bX_: X^[Wb " S8 []^. .D.][XW. * .: b8WX& ,00. * . ,1-

77.

. S8T8UVW8 TXTXYW8: \XWb Û Z[8b`WI 8W`V " S8 []^. D.D.q8]Wb\. * V_X_: _X`&

,001. * . ,,1-,1.

. SX[Wb `]`\_I 8_^8WV TXTXYW ^\ UX]WXW\T\ XZ` [\b-, S8T8UVW8 UXb8[Vb8

ZX^T\`\_b8! " 8`W8 F. XTXYW8 ^X`] X ZXÛX`bX_. * V_X_& ,00. * F .

F. ][]UXb `Z\_I 8^8 ^XUVW\`X& vXWV X Z[8b`WI W8_bX_ ^\ ^][8_W\T\ XZ`



8UVb\T\& ,010. * .Additional:

6. T]W8 ^]`] Z\^[\`b\_: {]Wb "" \^. []^. .z.8[^8]Wb\. * .: ]^W8&

1. * . 1-11.

7. }b\_\^`_\ b U8\[8`\[Wv 8W`v Z\ TT]W] ^]`] Z\^[\`b\_ " .|.][WV

^[. * .: j8 b\U8& 1. * . ,0-6.

. ]^W8 ^`W`_8 " S8 []^. ..\j8. * .: S^\[\_P& 1. * O.1. * . 6-107&

1,-16& 16-17& 17-,.

. q][8_WX 8WX`8[WX Z[8_U8 X W\[v _U8`_8WW& `[v8WW 8T8UVW\\_X`WXI

W8_8UVWI 8bU8^X_ `8 \[T8WX8X W8_8UVW\-_I\_W\T\ Z[\]. q8WXz F.F.,.00-01.


Contro"82e,ton,

1. he general pecularities of growth and de)elopment of child.

,.


39/64

10. Measures concerning impro)ement of sanitary-and-hygienic conditions of pupilsP stay in

modern schoolhouse.

Contro"te,t,1-& 10-10& 1,,-1,& 11-1F QR.

Contro"ta,0,

1. o estimate the physical de)elopment of $oy $y means of method of sigmal de)iations and

regional standards Q1& (. F& RE to construct the profile of physical de)elopment& to define

$iological age and health group of child $y data of situational task.Task.3eep medical e%amination of an 11-year old school$oy was carried out. he following

data were re)ealed: the $oy has poor health @suffers from acute )iral respiratory infections e)ery

monthB. His height is 1&F cm& weight * ,&F kg& chest circumference * F&, cm. His height has

increased $y , cm during pre)ious year& the num$er of permanent teeth is 16& le)el of secondary

se%ual signs de)elopment is: (0& #%0. (athological changes of internal organs arenPt o$Lecti)ely

detected. He takes physical training in the main group.

,. o calculate the freuency of diseases @pre)alence and primary mor$idityB& pre)alence of

separate nosological forms& an inde% of health and mor$idity structure $y recourse of 0-1 years old

children of city 4. $y data of the ta$le.


40/64

Task. # study classroom of mathematics for 0 pupils has length of m& width of 6 m& height

of &, m. , )entilation ducts& located in the upper part on the interior wall& and window )ent sashes

pro)ide natural )entilation. #ir e%change rate is , times per hour. windows ,1&F m siCe each

pro)ide natural lighting& artificial illumination is pro)ided $y ninth 1F0 incandescent lamps&

which ha)e directed-diffused lighting fi%tures and are held m a$o)e the floor.

,0 two-place school desks with chairs are arranged in three rows: 7 school desks in side rows&

6 school desks and teacherPs desk in middle row. here are school desks with height 6 cm and 70cm& chairs with height , cm. Height of 6 pupils is in limens of 11-1F cm& 1F * 16-160 cm& 1 *

161-17F cm. 9ne of pupils who has height of 170 cm and corrected myopia of middle degree sits at

a penultimate school desk in middle rowE second of pupils who has growth 16 cm and rheumatism

withattenuation of acti)ity rheumatic process * $ehind a penultimate school desk near a window&

the third of pupils who has height of 17, cm and audition depression in a range of medium and high

audio freuencies * $ehind a penultimate school desk at an interior wall of a class. +owes pupil

sitting in middle row at the school desks with differentia more than length of an el$ow of down arm

on 10 cm& depth of seat is eualed ," of hip length height of seat on 6 cm is more than length of

crus with foot.

6- o take the situational tasks 1-&1F&F&&F0 and practical skills F-6,@DB&7-10@DDB&,0-

,,@DDB&0@DDB Q7R.+ra#t#a" tranng

+reparatory ,tage@1FGB

D. >ormulation of learning aims.

DD. ?ontrol of $asic le)el of knowledge& skills and a$ilities& acuired $y studying of $ase

disciplines.

The 4a,#,tage@70GB

1. o estimate of childPs physical de)elopment $y comple% method& to determine the health

group& factor of risk and its possi$le negati)e effects for health& to argue of pre)enti)e measures.

Task.he height of 1,-year-old $oy is 1F cm& his weight * kg& chest circumference * 6

cm. #ccording to this height standard parameters of weight is &F kg and the one of chest

circumference is 70& cm& sigma regress of weight is &F and sigma regress of chest circumference

is &. 'iological status corresponds to the age of $oy. >unctional parameters are within the $orders

of M for this age. Hyperacidic gastritis in the compensation stage and hyperplasia of thyroid

gland of the


41/64

>ig. 1.he general plan of preschoolinstitutions on 10 places @6

groupsB.1 * the houseE , * the areola oflittle child groupE * the areolaof preschool groupE * shadow

co)erE F * the sports areolaE 6 * afountain-reser)oirE 7 * a garden-

$erry fieldE * an orchardE * anature cornerE 10 * aneconomical yardE 11 * a shed-iceE 1, *gar$age recipientsE 1 *the areola for feeding of childrenE 1 * a premise for

storage of $a$y carriage

>ig. ,. he plan of the first floorof the house of a daycare centre:1 * a locker roomE , * a grouproom from still-roomE * a

$edroom-)erandaE * watercloset with shower cu$icleE F *infirmaryE 6 * nutrition unit.

Task 2.(lanner is presented the general plan of school @fig. B for endorsement with sanitary

inspector.

1

1F0m


42/64

>ig. . he general plan of

school on ,0 pupils.

1 * the school houseE , *

sports regionE * the sportareaE * the area for acti)e

games of pupils of the first

classesE F * the area of field

culturesE 6 * fields of floral

plantsE 7 * an orchardE * a

field of adornment plantsE

* a $iological fieldE 10 * the

geographical areaE 11 * the

meteorological areaE 1, *

physical training and sport

Cone initial classesE 1 * an

economical ConeE 1 * theCoological areola.

.

6. o estimate according to a situational task readiness of children to study at school Q1& (.

,-,FR.

Task.he readiness to study at school was carried out for children of the senior preschool

group of kindergarten $y means of ern-


43/64

5ariant

ern-


44/64


45/64

measures of their pre)ention and method of in)estigation of casesE organiCation and leadthrough of

hygienical e%amination of food is in the field terms $y ta$le facilities Qgeneral hygieneR. ater

sources& comparati)e hygienical descriptionE methods of sampling and analysis of waterE inde%es of

uality of drinking-water& methods of its impro)ementE organiCation and leadthrough of secret

ser)ice of sources of water-supply in emergenciesE research of water uality in the field terms $y

ta$le facilitiesE methods and ta$le facilities of cleaning& disinfection and rendering of water

harmless in the field terms Qgeneral hygieneR.ualitati)e and uantitati)e properties of radionuclides and photonic radiationE methods of

measuring of radioacti)ity of en)ironmental o$LectsE $iological action of ioniCing radiation& main

types of radiation damageE categories of persons who are e%posed to raysE hygienic regulation of

radiation influence on human organism& groups of radiation and hygienic regulationsE classification

of sources of ioniCing radiation& their general radiation and hygienic characteristicsE principles of

protecting from an ioniCing radiationE classifications of radiation failures and feature of failure on

?4((E features of pathology forming among population of /kraine in post-fault period Qradiation

medicine& general hygieneR.

Top# e,,en#e .#ontent,:1 .man pont of the top#:

3etermination and classification of emergencies& their influence on the sanitary-hygienic

terms of dwelling of population and la$our conditions of the rescue units.


46/64

,. S8T8UVW8 TXTXYW8: Z[\Z]^]_`b8 TXTXYW: X^[Wb " S8 []^. ..\W8[b8. * .: j8 b\U8&

1F. * . ,71-,77.

. ]^W8 b8`8`[\x " S8 []^. D..\XW8. * .: S^\[\_P& ,00. * . ,6-,& 61-11& 1F-

1,& 16-1& 7,-07& 70-7F& 1-F0,.

. 8j]Wb\ ..& ]\_ q..& [8b\ .. }8^X8XW8 TXTXYW8. * 8[bX_: DW```

v\W\b[`8UX_& 1. * . 1,-1F& 160-161& ,,0-,,& ,F1-,F,& ,67-,& ,F-FF.

F. \vW8UVW8 TXTXYW8 " S8 []^. ..\W8[b8. * .: S^\[\_P& ,00. * . 7.6. XTXYW8 I8[_8WW \W\_8v W`[X\U\TX: X^[WbE , bW. " S8 []^. .D.Z[XW8. * .:

]^W8& ,007. * W. ,. * . 06-,.


ZX^T\`\_b8! " 8`W8 D. S8T8UVW8 `8 [8^X8XW8 TXTXYW8. * V_X_& ,00. * F6 .


ZX^T\`\_b8! " 8`W8 DD. \vW8UVW8 TXTXYW8. * V_X_& ,00. * F6 .


ZX^T\`\_b8! " 8`W8 D5. XTXYW8 I8[_8WW. * V_X_& ,00. * 67 .

10. ][]UXb `Z\_I 8^8 ^XUVW\`X& vXWV X Z[8b`WI W8_bX_ ^\ ^][8_W\T\ XZ`

TXTXYW ^U `^]W`X_ 5< b[X_ v]^WI x8bUV`]`X_ x8I\_\T\ Z[v_8WW Xb_8UVW8

Z[8_8!& ] X8`[X!& ]^b\-Z[\xXU8b`W8 Z[8_8!. * V_X_: z{ Xv. q8WU88UVb\T\& ,010. * .

Aditional:

11. XVb\_8 TXTXYW8 TXTXYW\ Z[ W8^_8WI `8XI: X^[Wb " S8 [] .

..8b8. * O][W\ZXUV:{b[v]^bWT8& ,00F. * . 10-,00& ,07-,F& ,66-,.

1,. S8T8UVW8 TXTXYW8: \XWb ^U Z[8b`WI 8W`V " S8 []^. D.D.q8]Wb\. * V_X_: _X`&

,001. * . ,,-6.

1. }8^X8XW8 TXTXYW8: X^[Wb " S8 []^. ..{v8WVb\T\ `8 .O.v]UVb8. * q\W]Vb:

z\[^-[]& ,00. * . 7,-,.

1. ]T\Vb .}.& ]^\[]Wb\ .D.& `8Vb .. z8[ Z[\xXU8b`W\

v]^W " S8 []^. ..`8Vb\T\. * V_X_: ^-_\ ]^W8 X Z[8_\!& ,00. * .

,,-,,.1F. S][XW\ q.q.& ]T\Vb .}. b\U\TXWX b8`8`[\x _X`X `8 _ {b[8WX. * V_X_:

8& ,00F. * ,0 .

16. [\ W\[v I8[_8WW _XVb\_\U\_X_ S[\WI U& XWI _XVb\_I

x\[v_8WV `8 \X [^\_\T\& W88UVWVb\T\ bU8^ \[T8WX_ X ZX^[\^XUX_ _XUVW\T\ 8I`

`8 q][8_W\ U Z]X8UVW\T\ _Pb `8 8I` XWx\[v8X. \`8W\_8 8XW]`

XWX`[X_ {b[8W A ,6 _X^ , ][]W ,00, [.

17. z\[v [8^X8XW\ ]Z]b {b[8W @z}{-7B. * _& 17. * 1,1 .

1. W\_WX 8WX`8[WX Z[8_U8 8]Z]]WW [8^X8XW\ ]Z]b {b[8W @8`_. W8b8\v

S {b[8W A F _X^ 0,.0,.,00F [.B. * .& ,00F. * .

1. q\Z`vX [X_WX _vX` [8^X\WbUX^X_ 17?s X 0r Z[\^b`8I I8[_8WW `8 Z`WX

_\^X. z 6.6.1.1-0-,006.,0. S8b\W {b[8W [\ Z[8_\_ []v `][`\[X& j\ 8W8U8 [8^X\8b`_W\T\

8[^W]WW _W8UX^\b \[W\UVVb\ b8`8`[\x! A 7F-DD _X^ ,.0,.11 [.

,1. S8b\W {b[8W [\ 8I` U^W _X^ _ZU_ X\WXI _Z[\vXW_8WV! A 1F"-

} _X^ 1.01.1 [.


Contro" 82e,ton,

1. 3etermination of concept and classification of emergencies& their influence on the sanitary-

hygienic terms of dwelling of population and la$our conditions of the rescue units. 4ational

organiCational structures for liuidation of medical conseuences of emergencies. 9rganiCation of

sanitary-hygienic and disease pre)ention measures during emergencies. 'asic sanitary-hygienic

measures in emergencies.

,. ypes of the field placing for population and rescue units in emergencies& unfa)oura$le

factors of dwelling in the field ha$itation. Hygienic reuirements for the area and planning of camp.

6


47/64

. ?lassification of shelters& reuirement& to their planning and euipments& $asic

harmfulness& modes of )entilation& norm of area& cu$ic capacity& content of car$on dio%ide and

microclimate in depositories.

.


48/64

. o calculate the necessary )olume of )entilation of shelter and ma%imal terms of staying in

him of the rescue unit Q1& (-. F77-F7R from data of situational tasks .1-., Q1& (. F66R.. o make the list of organiCation methods of feed of the rescue formings and population at the terms

of emergency Q1& (. FF-F7R. o diagrammatiCe dislocation of the field point of feed @food pointB.

F. o make the list of methods of the field water-supply for the rescue formings and population at the

field location Q1& (. 60-611R. o diagrammatiCe location of the field point of water-supply.

6. o chart the scheme of radioprotecti)e nutrition and measures of its realiCation Q6& (. ,,R.7. o sol)e situational tasks ,&0 and practice skills ,@DB& -0@DB& 1,-1@DDB& 1-1@DDB Q10R.

+ra#t#a" emp"oyment

+reparatory ,tage @1FGB

rom the contact of phosphorus with air there was a fire

during e%tinguishing of which a to%ic cloud appeared from the products of $urning and their

reaction with water. 3uring a few days a cloud spread on territory $y an area 1&F s km and 7

settlements of F administrati)e districts of +)o)& in which li)ed o)er thousands of inha$itants.

he lost was not during a failureE with the symptoms of defeat of $urning of yellow phosphorus

products on stationary treatment in medical esta$lishments of the +)i) and 5olhynia areas was 1

persons& including 6 rescuersE e)acuation from the usual places of dwelling was tested $y 17F0

persons. eneral charges& related to the failure and liuidation of its conseuences made a$out 100

million hry)nyas.

,. o make the prognosis of medical hygienic conseuences of emergency for population andpersonnel of rescue units from data of situational task& to calculate an emergency different time

accepta$le le)els of atmosphere pollution for a population and rescuers and possi$le time of their

stay in the area of defeat& to argue the necessary sanitary-hygienic measures.

Task. #fter physical and chemical properties of matters @)olatility& dispersion& closeness&

capacity for transformations in an en)ironmentB& descriptions of source of e%tras @amount of e%tras&

their temperature& speed of selection& height of e%tras& area of surface of e%trasB& meteorological

situation @temperature and humidity of air& direction and speed of wind& presence of falloutsB&

character of surface of distri$ution @relief& $uilding of localityB& the geographical co-ordinates of

e)ent @coefficient of stratificationB de)elop the mathematical model of distri$ution of products of

$urning of yellow phosphorus and the area of possi$le defeat for e%pected period to hours @pic 1B.

Ma%imum allowa$le concentrations of phosphoric anhydride @(,9FB in air of working area * 1mg"m@aerosol&


49/64

+#t2re *- #n area of possi$le defeat as a result of railway failure.

. o conduct from data of situational task the hygienic estimation of area for the location of

camp& to diagrammatiCe camp for the rescue unit.

Task.#n area for placing of camp is situated on a north-western ri)erside. he area $orders on

mi%ed forest on north-west& steep low ri)er side on a southeast. #n area is dry& with unpolluted

sandy loam soil& to the low standings of ground-waters and sloping in a south-east side $y the slope

of relief which is co)ered the liuid forest and $ush. =ailway is located in the distance of a 1&, km

after the ri)er. 3ominating direction of winds in this locality * north-western. he o$Lects& which

contaminate atmospheric air are a$sent in a &F km distance. or taking of flow waters the euipment of filtration ditch is planned with

lowering of the cleared flow waters in the ri)er. he ri)er is suita$le for $athing as for sanitary

standards.. o e%pect from data of tasks the amount of dry chloric lime for the disinfection of water $y

different methods and to estimate efficiency of disinfection& ground measures& directed on the

increase of efficiency of disinfection of water.

Task 1. o e%pect the amount of dry chloric lime for a disinfection after chlorine reuirement

of water in the reser)oir of =35-1000& if on titration ,00 ml of water& where 6 drops of a 1G

solution of chloric lime are $rought in at the trial chlorinating& , drops of a 0&7G solution of

thiosulphate of sodium are spent @one drop links 0&0 mg of acti)e chlorineB.

Task 2. #fter a flood for the inha$itants of )illage& which used water from mine wells& the

flash of intestinal infection is registered. 'y the specialists of 2 it was found out in)estigation of

reasons of origin of hearth of infection spore forms of e%citers in water of wells. Hyperchlorinating

of well water is conducted $y a $y )olume method $y the dose of 100&0 mg of acti)e chlorine on 1+ of water $y $ringing ,00 g ,7G dry chloric lime. he frame of well is cylinder& a diameter a cut is

0&F meters& a height of post of water is F m.

O3h!& .9:

6ro! .(@:

,0 mg"m

10-,0 mg"m

1-10 mg"m

0&1F-1 mg"m

0&1F mg"m

T2r=ya .*?:settlements andtheir distance from the scene ofaccident& km

S#ene of a##!ent

L,o&e .9:

T2rya .*?:

Lopatn .(B:

Ra!e0h& .9


50/64

F. o conduct from data of task Q1& (.. F0-F1R in)estigation of case of the mass food

poisoning in rescue su$section& to de)elop health and prophylactic measures.

6. o estimate from positions of rational feed composition of daily ration at a caldron feed and

dry a ration mem$er of the rescue forming after norms& ratified 3ecision of ?a$inet of Ministers of

/kraine A ,6 from March& , in ,00,

4orm A 1 * general military at a caldron feed.

4ame of products

Massof

gross&

g

Mass

is a

net& g

#mount& g ?alories&

kcal

protein fatcar$ohy

drate

'read is from mi%ture of flour of rye

peeled and wheat @


51/64

?rackers from a flour a wheat

9f 1strate00 00 1& & ,,, 100

'read from the flour of wheat of 1st

rateF00 F00 &F ,&F 11FF

?an food is meat @a $eef is stewedB 100 100 16& 17 * ,,0

?an food the ausage stuffing!

@amateurB100 100 11 ,&F 1

?an food of meat-grossary in an

assortment @peeled-$arley porridge

with meatB

F00 F00 70 6&F ,1&F ,0F

?an food is fish @atlantic pilchardB 160 160 ,&6 1&F, * &

?lear soup with meat @concentrateB ,0 ,0 &7, &, * &6

am @appleB 0 0 0&16 * ,6& 100S2gar 0 0 * * &, 1F1&6

3rink is fruit @concentrateB F F * * &F 17&F

ea is solu$le with sugar 0 0 * * ,& 11&7

?aramel& 6 things @lollipopsB 6 6 * 0&0 &F 1&,Multi)itamines He%a)itum!& drop 1 1 * * * *

ogether ,00 1F 6 F771

7. o estimate from data of situational task the degree of contamination of foodstuffs $y such

radionuclides as 17?s and 0r& to define and estimate the annual effecti)e dose of internal

irradiation of population due to these foodstuffs & to ground measures in relation to the decline of

population irradiation.

Task. he mean )alues of acti)ities of 17?s and 0r in foodstuffs and actual annual

consumption of these foodstuffs at a rate per person from data of regional statistical management

o)er ,00 are presented in a ta$le. he acti)ities of radionuclides in foodstuffs are determined $y

the specialists of department of radiation hygiene of regional sanitation and epidemiological center$y means of radiometric assay.

oodstuffs

Milkand

da

iryproducts M

eatand

m

eatfoods >

ishand

fishfoods

ro

ats&

flour&$read&

leguminousandmacaroni

foods

(otato

5egeta$lesand

wate

rmelons

>ruits&$erries

#ctual annual consumption of

foodstuffs per person& kg"year,& &7 1& 11&, 1FF& 1,& 1&

#cti)ity of 17?s& '"kg ,00 110 100 10 6 F FF

#cti)ity of 0r& '"kg F0 1F , 1 10

. o estimate from data of situational task a radiation situation in a dwelling house Q& (.

1,1R& to ground measures in relation to the decline of irradiation of its ha$itants.

Task.he estimation of radiation situation in li)ing uarters was carried out $y the specialists

of local sanitation and epidemiological center at set in operation of dwelling-house. #)erage annual

eui)alent euili$rium )olumetric acti)ity of radon in the air of li)ing uarters is eual ,F-F

'"m& of thoron * 1-, '"m& a$sor$ed dose rate in the air * F-0 ="hour. 2ffecti)e specificacti)ity of natural radionuclides in the applied $uilding materials is: $rick * ,00 '"kg& concrete&

F1


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cement * 1F0 '"kg& facing tile * F00 '"kg. eneral )olumetric acti)ity of -ray radiators in a

drinking-water from water passage * 0&0, '"dm& of -ray radiators * 0&1 '"dm.

. o chart the fundamental scheme of Coning of /krainian districts contaminated $y

radioacti)e su$stances as a result of the ?horno$yl catastrophe& and criteria of this Coning Q,& (.

,71-,7,R& to define after e)aluation scales Q,& (. ,7-,77R permissi$le le)els of radiocontamination

of water& foodstuffs and rations& atmospheric air and air of shop floors in these areas.

Fna" ,tage .*ORKS

Top# *- The hygen# e,tmaton of nat2ra" an! anthropogeno2, #omponent, of

4o,phere nf"2en#e on per,ona" hea"th an! hea"th of the pop2"aton- The,#entf# 4a,e, of me!#a" 4orythmo"ogy an! #hronohygene-

A#t2a"ty of theme

Health of the person and population is defined $y Loint influence of natural and

anthropogenous factors of the $iosphere. he main its compounds are atmosphere& hydrosphere&

lithosphere. uch nature factors as sunlight& climate& weather can $reak the natural $alance $etween

an organism and en)ironment espesially in meteosensiti)e people to lead to heliometeorotropic

reactions& an aggra)ation of chronic diseases. #t the same time those factors are widely used for the

pre)enti)e and medical purposes @training& climate therapyB. #nthropogenous pollution of $iosphere

has a direct negati)e influence the health and sanitary-conditions of human life.


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aspects of acclimatisation& the use of climatic methods with the aim of the impro)ing of health

conditions and diseases pre)ention Qthe general hygieneR.

'iological rhythms& their classification& concept a$out desynchronoCes Qthe general hygieneR.

The theme mantenan#e

he communication of ecology and hygiene. 'iosphere& its structure& the general laws of

influence of denatured $iospheres on population health @hygiene lawsB. Modern pro$lems and tasks

of en)ironmental protection.he peculiarities of influence of natural factors of en)ironment on population health. Medical

classifications of weather. # techniue of mediko-meteorological forecasting. (re)enti)e meagers

@permanent& seasonal& immediateB of heliometeorotropic reactions at the healthy and sick person.

he general and applied classifications of a climate. (re)enti)e maintenance climate depended

reactions. tructure and the organisation of ser)ice of super)ision of climatic $oth weather

conditions and their forecasting.

'iological rhythms& their classification& the $asic characteristics& their influence on health of

the person. tuding and calculation of $iological rhythms of the person. ?oncept a$out

desynchronoCes& the kinds of desynchronoCes. ?hronohygiene as the pre)enti)e maintenance $asis

of desynchronoCes. tuding of the types of daily working capacity of the person. 'iorytmology

principles of the rational organiCation of daily acti)ity of the person.Lterat2re .Re82re! rea!ng:

Principl':

1. Hygiene and 2cology: X^[Wb " 8 []^. ..8[^\_8. * XWW: z\_8 bWT8& ,006.

*.( -11F&FF-F6


b\U8& 1F. * . -1,.


ZX^T\`\_b8! " 8`W8 1. S8T8UVW8 X [8^X8XW8 TXTXYW8. * V_X_& ,00. * FF .

Aditional:

. S8T8UVW8 TXTXYW8: \XWb ^U Z[8b`WI 8W`V " S8 []^. D.D.q8]Wb\. * V_X_: _X`&

,001. * . 0-.

Contro" 82e,ton,

1. 2n)ironment& its components. 'iosphere& its structure. lo$al character and the general

laws of pollution of $iosphere. (ositi)e and negati)e conseuences of influence scientifically *

technical re)olution on en)ironment and health. he scientific $ases and the ways of preser)ation of

the en)ironment from pollution. he general laws of influence of en)ironment on population health

@hygiene lawsB.

,. eather& the factors which form and characteriCe the weather. he laws of atmospheric

circulation. he $asic thermo$arometric processes @a cyclone& an anticycloneB.

. He

Hygiene ANGL

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