Page 1 of 15 Introduction to Wind Energy Group Assignment 3 Dynamics Group number 12 Editors Group members Student number Sergio Torres 4116127 Joseph Vitolla 4118308 Other group member Konstantinos Gorgogetas 4119096 Ana Maria Núñez 4123093 Aymeric Buatois 4125738
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1 of 15
Introduction to Wind Energy
Group Assignment 3
Dynamics
Group number 12
Editors
Group members Student number
Sergio Torres 4116127
Joseph Vitolla 4118308
Other group member
Konstantinos Gorgogetas 4119096
Ana Maria Núñez 4123093
Aymeric Buatois 4125738
Page 2 of 15
Contents
1. Motion of the transmission ................................................................................................. 3
2. Equilibrium point ................................................................................................................ 6
3. Eigenfrequency of the transmission system ....................................................................... 9
Table of Figures Figure 1. Model Transmission ................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2. System equivalent to geared system. .......................................................................... 3 Figure 3. Campbell diagram .................................................................................................... 11
Figure 4. Torsion angle of transmission in response to a wind gust ........................................ 12 Figure 5. Response of the torsion angle of transmission to a severe wind gust ...................... 12
Figure 6. Detail of the response of the torsion angle transmission to a severe wind gust ....... 13 Figure 7. Comparison of the response of the torsion angle and rotor flap angle to a severe
wind gust .................................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 8. Response of the torsion angle to a sinus gust ........................................................... 15
Page 3 of 15
1. Motion of the transmission
In the following question, we are using the notation:
J Inertia Kg.m2
M Momentum / Torque N.m
α Angular acceleration. Rad/s2
Ω Rotation speed Rad/s
θ Angular position Rad
ν Transmission ratio. -
r Radius M
m Mass Kg
k Stiffness
ς Damping
a) Derive the equation of motion of the transmission. Usually the combination of
slow shaft / transmission / fast shaft is replaced by an equivalent system of just one
shaft: the slow shaft (as shown during the lecture). Argue why the generator moment
should be multiplied by the transmission ratio and the inertia of the generator by the
transmission ratio squared.
Figure 1. Model Transmission
Usually the combination of slow shaft / transmission / fast shaft is replaced by an equivalent
system of just one shaft: the slow one as is shown in the Figure 2.
I1 I21M , kt2M
1 2
Figure 2. System equivalent to geared system.
Page 4 of 15
To demonstrate why the generator moment should be multiplied by the transmission ratio, the
moment definition is used as follows:
FrM Equation 1: Momentum definition
g
gfast
fast
slow
gslow
gfastg
MM
FrM
r
r
FrM
FrM
*
)(
2
2
2
It is possible to refer shaft stiffness (k) and inertias (J) to equivalent values on a single shaft
(It is assumed that the shafts themselves have no inertia). This is done by multiplying all
stiffness and inertias of the geared shaft by ν2 where ν is the speed ratio between the two
shafts. It is also shown as follows, using the concept of inertia:
2*rmJ
Equation 2: Concept of inertia
To demonstrate why the inertia of the generator must be multiplied by transmission ratio
squared, the concept of inertia is used:
g
fastg
fast
slow
slowg
fastgg
JJ
rmJ
r
r
rmJ
rmJ
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
*
*
*
Derivation of the equation of motion:
Gears are frequently used to transfer power from one shaft to another, while maintaining a
fixed ratio between the speeds of the shafts. While the input power in an ideal gear train
remains equal to the output power, the torques and speed vary in inverse proportion to each
other. So:
gr
gr
grrt JJ
JJ
JJJJJ
2
2
2
2
11111
Taking into account the mass / spring / damper system, where:
Page 5 of 15
g
gr
rr
gr
g
gr
gr
gg
r
rr
rr
r
tt
MJJ
JM
JJ
Jk
JJ
JJ
JJandMM
MJJ
JM
JJ
Jk
JJ
JJ
MkJ
**
**
22
2
2
2
2
22
2
22
2
2
2
b) Convert the 2nd
order differential equation to 2 1st order differential equations.
The method used to convert the 2nd
order differential equations in 2of 1st order was the
separation of variables.1
g
gr
rr
gr
g
gr
grM
JJ
JM
JJ
Jkyy
JJ
JJii
yi
***
)
)
22
2
2
2
c) Compare your results with the listing of the MATLAB file dynmod.m.
In the MATLAB file can be found the follow equations: