Global warming

TopicWhat Is Global Warming

How Global Warming Occurs

Effects Of Global Warming

How To Prevent It

What Is Global Warming?

History Of Earth’s Climate Earth formed ~4.6 billion years ago

Originally very hot

Sun’s energy output only 70% of present

Liquid water present ~4.3 billion years

Continued…Life appeared ~3.8 billion years ago

Photosynthesis began 3.5-2.5 billion years agoProduced oxygen and removed carbon dioxide

and methane (greenhouse gases)Earth went through periods of cooling

(“Snowball Earth”) and warming

What Is GLOBAL WARMING?Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation.

Continued…Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C  (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.

How It Occurs?

Green House EffectThe greenhouse effect is the process by

which absorption  and emission of  infrared radiation by gases In the atmosphere  warm a planet's lower atmosphere and surface.

Effects Of Global Warming

Effects on Wetlands and ForestsOver the last 5 decades, in areas of the Kenai NWR: Open areas decreased by 34%

Wet areas decreased by 88% Water and lakes decreased by 14%

USFWS photo courtesy Ed Berg

USFWS photo

Study Area % Decrease in

Number of Ponds

% Decrease in Area of Ponds

Copper River BasinMinto Flats SGRInnoko Flats NWRYukon Flats NWR

54 %36 %30 %10 %

28 %25 %31 %18 %

Disappearing & Shrinking Ponds

Ocean AcidificationOcean Acidification

CO2 + H20 HCO3-

+ H+

Water becomes

more acidic.

(ACID)

Remains in the atmosphere (greenhouse gas)Dissolves

in sea water

CO2

CO2

“The surface ocean currently absorbs about one-fourth of the CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from

human activities.” Monaco Declaration 2008

The ozone layer protects the Earth from the ultraviolet rays sent down by the sun.  If the ozone layer is depleted by human action, the effects on the planet could be catastrophic.

OZONE LAYER DEPLETION

Future Effects of Global Warming

Deaths from global warming will double in just 25 years, to 300,000 people a year.

Heat waves will be more frequent and intense.

Droughts and wildfires will occur more often.

The Arctic Ocean could be ice free by 2050.

MELTING OF ICE IN ICE-LANDSTwo main factors contributed to observed sea

level rise.The first is thermal expansion: as ocean

water warms, it expands.The second is from the contribution of land-

based ice due to increased melting. The major store of water on land is found in glaciers and ice sheets.

SOME MESUREMENT OF OCEAN LEVEL

Between 1870 and 2004, global average sea levels rose 195 mm .

From 1950 to 2009, measurements show an average annual rise in sea level of 1.7 ± 0.3 mm per year, with satellite data showing a rise of 3.3 ± 0.4 mm per year from 1993 to 2009

Which type of arctic & aquatic animal can affected due to global warming

Process of global warming on aquatic animalBecause of global warming the temperature

increases.It passes heat to ocean.Then the water becomes less dense due to

heat.Less dense water separates from a nutrient-

filled cold layer below. Then the food chain of all animal broke orChange natural habitats and food supply

HOW TO PREVENT GLOBAL WARMING?

Because greenhouse gas emissions are tied very closely to our energy consumption, using less fossil fuel based energy puts fewer greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

This will help slow global warming.

Reduce our consumption of fossil fuels

Mountaintop removal for coal mining near Rawl, West Virginia.

50% of electricity in the United States is produced from coal.

We can make some simple substitutions

Replacing just 1 incandescent light bulb with 1 compact florescent bulb saves about 150 pounds of carbon dioxide per year!

If every American household replaced just 5 high-use incandescent bulbs with compact florescent lights we'd collectively save more than $8 billion each year in energy costs and we would prevent the greenhouse gases equivalent to the emissions from nearly 10 million cars.

What We Can DoWhat We Can Do

Use Wind Energy

Reduce CO2 Emission

Action is essential at every level

IndividualInternational

Plant & Save trees

Recycle the product

Useless usage of AC's and Refrigerators should be stopped because from them harmful rays cfc's are emitted which results in depletion of ozone layer and from that hole UV rays of Sun comes to the earth and cause many diseases to both animals and plants i.e. Skin cancer etc.

Continued

We have Collected all information from following links:

www.stopglobalwarming.orgwww.climatehotmap.orgwww.nrdc.org/globalWarming/default.asp

THANK YOU