Global Warming Global Warming

8/14/2019 Global Warming Global Warming

1/28

GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING

Its IMPACTIts IMPACT

and SOLUTIONSand SOLUTIONS


2/28

UNDERSTANDING

GLOBAL WARMINGTo fully understand what is meant by global warming and climatechange the greenhouse effect must first be understood. Thegreenhouse effect is the process where solar radiation (shortwavelength radiation) from the sun reaches the earths surface

where its converted to heat energy(long wavelength radiation). The majority of sunlight is absorbed bythe earths surface (landmass and water) and warms it, whilst therest is reflected by the earth back into space. Polar ice reflects 90%of solarradiation back into space, whereas water absorbs 90% of the energy

it receives. In addition, the warm surface of the earth emits longwavelength radiation (infrared) and this is absorbed by thegreenhousegases (a natural as well as manmade part of the earths atmospherewhich have the ability


3/28

IPACTSOF THE WARMING

GLOBAL TEMPERATURES WILL INCREASE FROM 1.1TO 6.4 DEGREES IN NEXT 100 YEARS

Rise by 0.8 degrees-ocean warming, arctic ice cap

melting, species extinction , extreme weather events. 1 degree rise-coral reefs destroyed, island nations under

water.

2 degree rise-Greenland melts, polar bears extinct,water supply affected.


4/28

Increasing temperatures

3 degree rise-environmental refugees,food shortage, amazoncollapses

4 degree rise-millions ofrefugees, 1/3 rd of

bangladesh under water,permafrost melts releasinggases

5 degree rise-most of theworld uninhabitable, earthhotter than in 55 millionyears

6 degree rise-massextinction


5/28

SAVE OUR

PLANET !!

We are not passive spectators, butactivecontestants in the drama of ourexistence. Weneed to take responsibility for thekind of life wecreate for ourselves- Nathaniel Branden, Ph.D.


6/28

GLOBAL WARMING

COULD BEWORSE THAN WAR

FAMINE

PLAGUE GLOBAL NUCLEAR

WAR


7/28

TECHNOLOGIESAVAILABLE TO CURB

GLOBAL WARMING SOLAR ENERGY WIND ENERGY

VERTICAL FARMING CLOUD SEEDING BLACKLE BIO-FUELS

CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE ENHANCING CARBON SINKS MODIFYING AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES


8/28

The Solar Power

Solar Towers can beconstructed to power anentire city.

The tower has photo-

sensitive cellson all sides The tower issurrounded by

mirrors

The cost of such towers istoo steep, hence it hasbecome a challenge for

engineers.


9/28


10/28

Portable Solar

Chargers These small sizechargers are handyand portable

They can fit intoyour pocket andcharge everything

from mobile phonesto ipods


11/28

Wind Energy

Wind powergrowing globally for the past decade at about30 percent per yearis playing a substantial role in severalcountries, notably Germany and Denmark.

The spaces between turbines on land can be used in manyways, including for agriculture and grazing.

To be practical for large-scale use in electrical grids,intermittent renewable energy sources are best combinedwith energy storage technologies as well as energy supplytechnologies that can fluctuate in output yet can alsooperate a large fraction of the time.


12/28

Land between turbines can be usedfor agriculture, grazing, and other

purposes.


13/28

Vertical Farms

With increase inurbanization arable land isdecreasing quickly

A Feasible solution for thefuture is construction ofvertical farmswhich will

solve the problem of foodscarcity for underdeveloped nations andprovide clean air at thesame time

The construction of suchfarms will be a civilengineering challenge butits results will be

phenomenal


14/28

Cloud seeding

A fleet of unmanned , selfpropelled vessels crossingthe worlds oceans andseeding clouds bymisting sea

waterhigh intothe air hasbeen proposedtoreducesunlightand hence globalwarming.

Just a thousand ships likethese (called the albedo

yachts by the designers) willcheck temperature rise dueto global CO2 doubling .

Scientists still have todetermine the side effectson the rain cycle due toexcess clouds


15/28

BLACKLE Blackle is a customGooglesearchwhose

screen is predominantly black.

Saves fair bit of energy due to itspopularity,750 Megawattto be precise. According to the website the site hassaved

around 413,523.067 watt hourstill date.


16/28

BLACKLE

Homepage


17/28

CO2 gobbling Plankton

By adding nutrients like ironor urea ,or by pumping deep-sea water to the oceansurface ,ocean fertilizers

could stimulate CO 2 gobbling plankton blooms,like the natural red tides inNew Zealand


18/28

Bio-fuels

The extra planktonproduced byartificial means can

be put to good usedue to a newdevelopment in thetechnology used for

producing bio-fuelsfrom algae


19/28

Carbon capture and

storage Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a plan tomitigate climate change by capturingcarbon dioxide (CO2) from large point sources

such as power plants and subsequently storing itaway safely instead of releasing it into theatmosphere. Technology for capturing of CO2 isalready commercially available for large CO2emitters, such as power plants. Storage of CO2,

on the other hand is a relatively untried conceptand as yet (2007) no powerplant operates with afull carbon capture and storage system.
http://../wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://../wiki/Carbon_dioxide


20/28

Acid gas injections inAlberta, Canada, As a sulfurdisposal strategy co-storehydrogen sulphide &carbondioxide.

Carbon storage

Studying cement seals in old wells

clarifies risks of CO2 leakageunderground.

A t


21/28

A vantages o car onstorage

CCS applied to a modern conventional power plantcould reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere byapproximately 80-90% compared to a plantwithout CCS.

Storage of the CO2 is envisaged either in deep

geological formations, deep oceans, or in the formof mineral carbonates. Geological formations arecurrently considered the most promising, andthese are estimated to have a storage capacity ofat least 2000 Gt CO2. IPCC (Inter governmental

Panel on Climate Change) estimates that theeconomic potential of CCS could be between 10%and 55% of the total carbon mitigation effortuntil year 2100.
http://../wiki/Geological_formationhttp://../wiki/Oceanhttp://../wiki/Carbonate_mineralhttp://../wiki/Gigatonhttp://../wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Changehttp://../wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Changehttp://../wiki/Gigatonhttp://../wiki/Carbonate_mineralhttp://../wiki/Oceanhttp://../wiki/Geological_formation


22/28

Carbon storage facility

At this facility in Algeria, excess CO2 is removed

from natural gas for injection underground.


23/28

ENHANCED NATURAL

SINKS Enhancing natural sinks entails fostering the biologicalabsorption of carbon and increasing its storage aboveand below the ground by, for example, reducingdeforestation, creating new forest plantations on non-

forested land, or expanding conservation tillage. Conversion of natural vegetation annually tilled

cropland has resulted in the loss of more than 50billion tons of carbon from the worlds soils overhistorical time


24/28


25/28

Modifying agricultural

practices The world could take somepressure off the energysystem by modifying theagricultural practices onnearly one-fifth of allcropland to bring aboutconservation tillage.

It could create 60 millionhectares of sustainableplantationson nonforestedland and set a new course toeliminate tropicaldeforestation within 50 years.


26/28

Replacing burnt-out incandescent bulbs withfluorescent ones could be one of a handful ofsignificant beginning steps toward reduced CO2emissions.


27/28

CONCLUSIONToday we are senselessly exploiting ourresources and enjoying ourselves. This hasto stop. All we have to do is cut down on

our exploitation in all possible ways, live asimple lifestyle, revert to what Gandhijitold us almost a hundred years ago, besensitive to natures needs and remove

from our lives ,everything that isunnecessary.


28/28

Made By:

ASHWINI ZOMAN

QUAID VOHRA

NEPOLIAN WAGHMARE

HRISHIKESH WAYKER

MECHANICAL DEPPT. DIV:F

Global Warming Global Warming

Documents