Generations of mobile

First Generation =>1G

History:-

This 1G network’s are based on analog radio signals.

This Generation network’s are developed 1980’s in US. The First Introduced in the place is Israil in 1986.

And the next place is Australia in 1987.

Good Example:-

Use:-

(AMPS).AMPS Mean’s Analog modulation physical system.

DisAdvantage

Main disadvantage of 1G technology is when the subscribes area other coverage area they have to register with current coverage area.i.e By calling to the operater we have register.

Speed:- Very Slow.7 KBPS

1G Moblie Standards1G Moblie Standards

NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone).

AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System).

TACS (Total Access Communications System).

RTMI.

Nordic countries, Switzerland, Netherlands, Eastern Europe and Russia.

North America and Australia.

United Kingdom, C-450 in West Germany, Portugal and South Africa.

Italy.

Different Type’s Of 1G Mobile Diagrams

Second Generation =>2G

History:- This network’s are Developed in 1991.The 2G introduced services for mobile,starindg with SMS text messages.2G has been superseded by newer technologies such as 2.5G, 2.75G.

Use:- This 2G Network’s are based on digital radio signals.

Data Rates:-

Advantage’s

1.Going all-digital allowed for the introduction of digital data services, such as SMS and email.

2.Greatly reduced fraud. With analog systems it was possible to have two or more "cloned" handsets that had the same

phone number.

2G-next version2.5G-GPRS:-

2.75G-EDGE:-

1.The first major step in the evolution of GSM networks to 3G occurred with the introduction of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). CDMA2000 networks similarly evolved through the introduction of 1xRTT. The combination of these capabilities came to be known as 2.5G.

2.GPRS could provide data rates from 56 Kbit/s up to 115 Kbit/s. (it supports MMS, WEB APPS, e-mails).

3. 1xRTT supports data rates up to 153.6 Kbit/s.

1.EDGE is standardized by 3GPP as part of the GSM family and it is an upgrade that provides a potential three-fold increase in capacity of GSM/GPRS networks. The specification achieves higher data-rates (up to 236.8 kbit/s) by switching to more sophisticated methods of coding (8PSK), within existing GSM timeslots.

Third Generation =>3G

History:-

2.The 3G Network’s first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo

In japan on 1 october 2001.And next 3G network oprator in the USA was Verizon wireless in

October 2003.

Data Rates:-

Security:-

IMT-2000 will provide higher transmission rates: a minimum data rate of 2 Mbit/s for stationary or walking users, and 384 kbit/s.

1.3G networks offer greater security than their 2G predecessors. By allowing the UE (User Equipment).

2.3G networks use the KASUMI block crypto instead of the older A5/1 stream cipher. However, a number of serious weaknesses in the KASUMI cipher have been identified.

3G-Adoption

Iraq:-

Turkey:-

Philippines:-

Mobitel Iraq is the first mobile 3G operator in Iraq. It was launched commercially on February 2007.

Turkcell, Avea and Vodafone launched their 3G networks commercially on 30 July 2009 at the same time. Turkcell and Vodafone launched their 3G service on all provincial centres. Avea launched it on 16 provincial centres.

3G services were made available in the Philippines on December 2008.

Syria:-

Africa:-

India:-

MTN Syria is the first mobile 3G operator in Syria. It was launched commercially on May 2010.

1.In 2008, India entered the 3G arena with the launch of 3G enabled Mobile and Data services by Government owned

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL). Later, MTNL launched 3G in Delhi and Mumbai. Nationwide auction of 3G wireless

spectrum was announced in April 2010. Ref B.Jaikumar, Manaloor,

The first African use of 3G technology was a 3G videocall made in Johannesburg on the Vodacom network in November 2004. The first commercial launch was by Emtel-ltd in Mauritius in 2004. In late March 2006, a 3G service was provided by the new company Wana in Morrocco.

3G-Applications

Mobile TV:- A provider redirects a TV channel directly to the subscriber's phone

where it can be watched.

Video conferencing:- Subscribers can see as well as talk to each other.

Video on demand:- A provider sends a movie to the subscriber's phone.

3G-Arcutecture

Different Type’s Of 3G Mobile diagrams

Fourth Generation =>4G

History:- In September 2009, the technology proposals were submitted to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as 4G candidates.Basically all proposals are based on two technologies:

1.LTE Advanced standardized by the 3GPP2.802.16m standardized by the IEEE (i.e. WiMAX)

Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e):-

The Main Feature is “MAGIC”.

“MAGIC” mean is given below.

‘M’for-Mobile Multimedia ‘A’for-Any Time Any Where

‘G’for-Global Mobility Support ‘I’for-Integrated Wireless System

‘C’for-Customized Personal Service